Chongzuo (simplified Chinese: 崇左; pinyin: Laibin, Zhuang: Cungzcoj) is a prefecture-level city in China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. It is home to one of China’s largest Zhuang populations. Simplified Chinese characters (Simplified Chinese: 简体字; Traditional Chinese: 簡體字; pinyin: jiǎntǐzì; also called 简化字/簡化字, jiǎnhuàzì) are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Hanyu pinyin (Simplified Chinese: 汉语拼音; Traditional Chinese: 漢語拼音; Hanyu Pinyin: , lit. ... The Zhuang language (autonym: Cuengh or CueÅ‹ÑŒ; Chinese: 壮语; Hanyu Pinyin: ) is used by the Zhuang people in the Peoples Republic of China. ... A prefecture-level city (地级市 Pinyin: dìjí shì, literally region-level city) or prefecture-level municipality is an administrative division of the Peoples Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in Chinas administrative structure. ... Guangxi (Zhuang: Gvangjsih; old orthography: ; Simplified Chinese: 广西; Traditional Chinese: 廣西; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Kuang-hsi; Postal System Pinyin: Kwangsi), full name Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Zhuang: Gvangjsih Bouxcuengh Swcigih; old orthography: ; Simplified Chinese: 广西壮族自治区; Traditional Chinese: 廣西壯族自治區; Hanyu pinyin: ) is a Zhuang autonomous region of the Peoples Republic of China. ... The Zhuang people (Traditional Chinese: 壯族, Simplified Chinese: 壮族, Hanyu Pinyin: Zhuàngzú; own name: Bouчcueŋь/Bouxcuengh) are an ethnic group of people who mostly live in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southern China. ...

Geography and Climate

Chongzuo is located in southwestern Guangxi province. It borders Nanning in the west, Baise in the north, Fangchenggang in the south and Vietnam in the west. The Zuo or Left River and the You or Right River have their confluence in Chongzuo after which the river becomes the Yong River. Chongzuo is mountainous and hilly with numerous karst formations similar to Guilin and northern Vietnam’s Ha Long Bay. Its area is 17,345 km², 7,190 km² of which is forested. Nanning in the evening Nanning (Simplified Chinese: 南宁; Traditional Chinese: 南寧; pinyin: ) is the capital of Guangxi autonomous region in southern China. ... Baise (simplified Chinese: 百色; pinyin: Baǐsè) is a prefecture-level city in Chinas Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. ... Karst topography occurs when a landscape is marked by underground drainage patterns. ... Lijiang River Guilin (Chinese: æ¡‚æž—; pinyin: ; Postal System Pinyin: Kweilin; Zhuang: Gveilinz) is one of Chinas most picturesque cities, situated in the northeast of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of the Peoples Republic of China on the west bank of the Lijiang River (also called the Li River). ... Halong Bay is a body of water of approximately 1,500 square kilometres in north Vietnam with a 120 kilometre coastline, in the Gulf of Tonkin near the border with China, and 170 kilometres east of Hanoi. ...

Chongzuo’s climate is tropical wet. January’s average temperature is 13.8^o C and July’s is 28.1^o C. Annual average is 20.8-22.4^o C. There are 330 frost free days. Annual precipitation is between 1088-1799mm.

History

Chongzuo is one of the earliest centers of Zhuang culture. Sites dating back to the stone age have been found here. In 214 BC, during the Qin dynasty, it was part of the Xiang(象郡) commandry. Chinese general Feng Zicai beat back a French attack here at the Battle of Zhennan Pass in 1885. Sun Yatsen fired the first canon shot of the anti-Qing revolution in Chongzuo in 1907. In the 1930’s, after fomenting rebellion in other parts of Guangxi, Deng Xiaoping helped organize the peasants and workers here during the Longzhou rebellion and eventually formed the Red Army's 8th Army. Later, in 1979, the Chinese army invaded Vietnam from here. Feng Zicai (Traditional Chinese: 馮子才, Simplified Chinese: 冯子才, Pinyin: Féng ZǐcaÄ«, Wade-Giles:Feng Tzu-tsai) (1818-1903) was a bandit in Guangxi, China who later became a general in the Imperial Army during the Qing dynasty. ... The Battle of Zhennan Pass was a significant battle of the Sino-French War which occurred on March 23, 1885 and was referred to at the time, in Western media, as the Battle of Bang Bo. ... Sun Yat-sen (November 12, 1866 - March 12, 1925) was a Chinese revolutionary leader and statesman who is considered by many to be the Father of Modern China. He had a significant influence in the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty and establishment of the Republic of China. ... Deng Xiaoping Deng Xiaoping (help· info) (Simplified Chinese: 邓小平; Traditional Chinese: 鄧小平; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Teng Hsiao-ping; August 22, 1904–February 19, 1997) was a leader in the Communist Party of China (CPC) who served as the de facto ruler of the Peoples Republic of China from the...

Administration

Chongzuo has 1 city, 5 counties, 57 towns, 72 townships, 146 residential communities, and 1,724 villages.

City:

• Pingxiang (凭祥市)

Counties:

• Ningming (宁明县)
• Longzhou (龙州县）
• Fusui (扶绥县）
• Daxin (大新县）
• Tiandeng (天等县）

Demographics

Chongzuo's population is 2,260,000. 88% of the people belong to the Zhuang ethnic group. The rest include Han, Yao, and other ethnic groups. The Zhuang people (Traditional Chinese: 壯族, Simplified Chinese: 壮族, Hanyu Pinyin: Zhuàngzú; own name: Bouчcueŋь/Bouxcuengh) are an ethnic group of people who mostly live in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southern China. ...

Economy

Forestry and agriculture are two of Chongzuo’s biggest industries. Oranges, rice, beans, corn, cassava, cinnamon, bananas, vegetables, durian, pineapples, longan, and tea are all major crops. Farm raised animals include beef and dairy cattle, sheep, ducks, chickens, geese, and bees. Aquaculture for fish is also big. Chinese medicinal herbs are picked from the wild and also grown. Important mineral resources include manganese, gold, ferberite, coal, barite, bentonite, uranium, and vanadium. It is China’s biggest manganese producer and the world's biggest producer of bentonite. Other industries include export infrastructure, paper, forest products such as timber and turpentine, building materials, pharmaceuticals, and electronics manufacturing. Species Durio dulcis Durio graveolens Durio kutejensis Durio oxlevanus Durio zibethinus The Durian (Durio) is a bombacaceous plant and genus of 25-30 species of tropical trees native to southeastern Asia, typically Thailand and Malaysia. ... Binomial name Dimocarpus longan The longan (Simplified Chinese: 龙眼; Traditional Chinese: 龍眼; pinyin: ; Cantonese long-ngan; literally dragon eye) is an evergreen tree native to southeast Asia from southern China south to Indonesia. ... General Name, Symbol, Number manganese, Mn, 25 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 7, 4, d Appearance silvery metallic Atomic mass 54. ... Ferberite is a black mineral composed of iron(II) tungstate (tungsten oxide), chemical formula FeWO4. ... Baryte with Cerussite from Morocco Baryte with Galena and Hematite from Poland Barite (BaSO4) is a mineral consisting of barium sulfate. ... Bentonite - USGS Bentonite is an absorbent aluminium phyllosilicate generally impure clay consisting mostly of montmorillonite, (Na,Ca)0. ... Vanadium is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol V and atomic number 23. ...

Flora and fauna

Chongzuo has amazing biodiversity with more than 4000 species of plants and more than 450 kinds of animals. There are more than 30 rare and protected animals including white headed and black gibbons, crested striped hornbills, pangolins, and clouded leopards. 1/4 of China’s wild animal species can be found in Chongzuo. Genera Hylobates Hoolock Nomascus Symphalangus Gibbons are the small apes that are grouped in the family Hylobatidae. ... Genera Aceros Anorrhinus Anthracoceros Buceros Bucorvus Ceratogymna (=Bycanistes) Ocyceros Penelopides Tockus Hornbills (Family Bucerotidae) are a group of birds whose bill is shaped like a cows horn, but without a twist, sometimes with a casque on the upper mandible. ... Species Manis culionensis Manis gigantea Manis temmincki Manis tricuspis Manis tetradactyla Manis crassicaudata Manis pentadactyla Manis javanica Pangolins or scaly anteaters are mammals in the Pholidota order. ... Binomial name Neofelis nebulosa (Griffith, 1821) The clouded leopard, Neofelis nebulosa is a medium-sized cat, 60 to 110 cm (2 ft to 3 ft 6 in) long and weighing between 11 and 20 kg (25 to 44 lb). ...

Tourism

Chongzuo is famous for its beautiful natural scenery. The most famous attraction is Detian Waterfall in Daxing County along the border with Vietnam. It is the second largest waterfall along a national border after Niagara Falls and was one of the crossing points for China’s army during the brief Sino-Vietnamese War. Nearby there is the Tongling Gorge accessible only through a cavern from an adjoining gorge. Rediscovered only recently, it has many species of endemic plants, found only in the gorge, and used to be used as a hideout by local bandits whose treasure is occasionally still found in the cliff-side caves.

External links

• Official Website(Chinese)