John Edward Christopher Hill (February 6, 1912 - February 23, 2003) was an English Marxist historian and the author of many history textbooks. February 6 is the 37th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... February 23 is the 54th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location within the British Isles Official language English de facto Capital London de facto Largest city London Area – Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population – Total (mid-2004) – Total (2001 Census) – Density Ranked 1st UK... Marxism is the political practice and social theory based on the works of Karl Marx, a 19th century philosopher, economist, journalist, and revolutionary, along with Friedrich Engels. ... A historian is a person who studies history. ...

Born in York, Christopher Hill entered Balliol College, Oxford in 1931. In 1932 he was awarded the Lothian Prize, and got a first-class honour and All Souls Fellowship two years later. Later in Balliol, Hill became a Marxist and joined the Communist Party. He spent one year in the Soviet Union in 1935. York is a city in northern England, at the confluence of the Rivers Ouse and Foss. ... Full name Balliol College Motto - Named after John de Balliol Previous names - Established 1263 Sister College St Johns College, Cambridge Master Andrew Graham (academic) Location Broad Street Undergraduates 403 Graduates 228 Homepage Boatclub Balliol College, founded in 1263, is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford... Oxford is a city and local government district in Oxfordshire, England, with a population of 134,248 (2001 census). ... 1931 (MCMXXXI) is a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1932 (MCMXXXII) is a leap year starting on Friday. ... In modern usage, a communist party is a political party which promotes communism, a sociopolitical philosophy based on the particular interpretation of Marxism put forth by Vladimir Lenin. ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ...

After coming back from Moscow, he returned to Balliol as a fellow and tutor of modern history. In 1940 he was commissioned as a lieutenant in the Oxford and Bucks Light Infantry. Later in the War he also joined the intelligence corps. Around this time, Hill started to publish his articles and reviews about 17th century England history. He also took part in a debate among many Marxist historians in 1940. Moscow (Russian: Москва́, Moskva, IPA: ▶ (help· info)) is the capital of Russia, located on the river Moskva. ... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Combatants Allied Powers Axis Powers Commanders {{{commander1}}} {{{commander2}}} Strength {{{strength1}}} {{{strength2}}} Casualties 17 million military deaths 7 million military deaths {{{notes}}} World War II, also known as the Second World War (sometimes WW2 or WWII or World War Two), was a mid-20th century conflict that engulfed much of the...

In 1946, Hill and many other Marxist historians formed the Communist Party Historians Group. However, Hill soon became discontent with the lack of democracy in the Communist Party. He left the party in 1956, after one of his reports was rejected. 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... A subdivision of the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB), from 1946-1956 the Communist Party Historians Group formed a highly influential cluster of British Marxist historians, who pioneered history from below. ... 1956 (MCMLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

After 1957, Hill's career ascended to new heights. His studies on 17th century English history were widely acknowledged and recognised. In 1965, Hill was elected the master of Balliol. He held the post from 1965 to 1978, when he retired. 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link goes to calendar). ... 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1978 calendar). ...

Many of Hill's most notable studies focused on the history of 17th century English history. His books include Economic Problems of the Church (1955), Puritanism And Revolution (1958), Intellectual Origins of the English Revolution (1965 and revised in 1996), The Century of Revolution (1961), AntiChrist In 17th-century England (1971), The World Turned Upside Down (1972) and many others. 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) is a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... 1971 (MCMLXXI) is a common year starting on Friday (click for link to calendar). ... 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year that started on a Tuesday. ...

Hill passed away on February 23, 2003, 18 days after his 91st birthday. February 23 is the 54th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Work

• Editor The English Revolution, 1640, 1940.
• Lenin and the Russian Revolution, 1947.
• Economic Problems of the Church: From Archbishop Whitgift to the Long Parliament, 1956.
• Puritanism and Revolution: Studies in Interpretation of the English Revolution of the 17th Century, 1958.
• The Century of Revolution, 1603-1714, 1961, revised edition 1972.
• Society and Puritanism in pre-Revolutionary England, 1964.
• Intellectual Origins of the English Revolution, 1965.
• Reformation to Industrial Revolution: 1530-1780, 1969.
• God's Englishmen: Oliver Cromwell and the English Revolution, 1970.
• Antichirst in Seventeenth-Century England, 1971.
• The World Turned Upside Down: Radical Ideas during the English Revolution, 1972.
• Change and Continuity in Seventheenth-Century England, 1974.
• Milton and the English Revolution, 1977.
• The Experience of Defeat: Milton and Some Contemporaries, 1984.
• The Collected Essays of Christopher Hill, 3 volumes, 1985-86.
• A Turbulent, Seditious, and Factious People: John Bunyan and His Church, 1628-1688, 1989.
• A Nation of Change and Novelty: Politics, Religion and Literature in Seventeenth-Century England, 1990.
• The English Bible and the Seventheenth-Century Revolution, 1993.

Reference

• Adamo, Pietro "Christopher Hill e la rivoluzione inglese: itinerario di uno storico" pages 129-158 from Societá e Storia, Volume 13, 1990.
• Clark, J.C.D. Revolution and Rebellion: State and Society in England in the Seventheeth and Eighteenth Centuries, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986.
• Davis, J.C. Myth and History: The Ranters and the Historians, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986.
• Eley, Geoff and Hunt, William (editors) Reviving the English Revolution: Reflections and Elaborations on the Work of Christopher Hill, London: verso, 1988.
• Fulbrook, Mary "The English Revolution and the Revisionist Revolt" pages 249-264 from Social History, Volume 7, 1982.
• Hexter, J.H. "The Burden of Proof", Times Literary Supplement, October 24, 1975.
• Hobsbawm, Eric "`The Historians Group' of the Communist Party" from Rebels and Their Causes: Essays in Honor of A.L. Morton, edited by Maurice Cornforth, London: Lawrence and Wishart, 1978.
• Kaye, Harvey The British Marxist Historians: An Introductory Analysis, Cambridge: Polity Press, 1984.
• Morrill, John "Christopher Hill" pages 28-29 from History Today Volume 53, Issue # 6, June 2003.
• Pennington, Donald & Thomas, Keith (editors) Puritans and Revolutionaries, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1978.
• Richardson, R.C. The Debate on the English Revolution Revisited, London: Methuen, 1977.
• Samuel, Raphael "British Marxist Historians, 1880-1980" pages 21-96 from New Left Review, Volume 120, March-April 1980.
• Schwarz, Bill "`The People' in History: The Communist Party Historians' Group, 1946-56" from Making Histories: Studies in History-Writing and Politics, edited by Richard Johnson, London: Hutchinson, 1982.
• Underdown, David "Radicals in Defeat", New York Review of Books, March 28, 1985.

Jack H. Hexter (May 25, 1910 – December 8, 1996) was an American historian, a specialist in Tudor and seventeenth century British history, and well known for his comments on historiography. ... Eric John Blair Hobsbawm (born June 9, 1917) is a British Marxist historian and author, once the leading theorist of the now defunct Communist Party of Great Britain. ...

External links

• http://www.guardian.co.uk/obituaries/story/0,3604,902955,00.html

• An American Tribute to Christopher Hill by Peter Linebaugh

• The English Revolution 1640 by Christopher Hill (full text of 1940 book)

• http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/HIShillC.htm