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Encyclopedia > Chromium trioxide

In chemistry, chromic acid (or 'Jones reagent') is a chromium (Cr) compound, yet to be isolated, that would have the formula H2CrO4. There is a related acid, also yet to be isolated called dichromic acid with the formula H2Cr2O7. While these acids are not available, they are known through their divalent anions (chromate and dichromate respectively) and the compounds formed from them. Please note that the acid anhydride of chromic acid exists, chromium trioxide (CrO3), and that industrially, this compound is sometimes sold as "chromic acid". This compound is an intensely-colored dark red/orange brown, water-soluble, granular solid which is stable by itself, but is a strong oxidant which will react when mixed with many things that can be oxidized. In all of the compounds discussed here, the element chromium is in oxidation state +6 (or VI). Chromium (VI) is often referred to as hexavalent chromium. Although chromium can exist in a number of oxidation states, hexavalent chromium is commonly reduced a +3 oxidation state, where the Cr+3 ion is a distinctively different blue green color. General Name, Symbol, Number chromium, Cr, 24 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 6 (VIB), 4, d Appearance silvery metallic Atomic properties Atomic weight 51. ... A chemical compound is a chemical substance formed from two or more elements, with a fixed ratio determining the composition. ... A chemical formula (also called molecular formula) is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ... An acid (often represented by the generic formula AH) is typically a water-soluble, sour-tasting chemical compound. ... ... Chromates and Dichromates are salts of chromic acid and dichromic acid, respectively. ... Chromates and Dichromates are salts of chromic acid. ... In chemistry, an anhydride is typically an oxide of a nonmetallic element or an organic radical, capable of forming an acid by uniting with the elements of water. ... A solid is a state of matter, characterized by a definite volume and a definite shape (i. ... The most fundamental reactions in chemistry are the redox processes. ... This article is in need of attention. ... A chemical element, often called simply element, is a substance that cannot be divided or changed into different substances by ordinary chemical methods. ... The oxidation state or oxidation number is defined as the sum of negative and positive charges in an atom, which indirectly indicates the number of electrons it has accepted or donated. ...


Chromic acid solutions are generally acidified aqueous solutions of chromate or dichromate salts. These solutions tend to be powerful oxidants, capable of destroying all organics in glassware and so often used for the cleaning of glass. Such solutions are often red-brown, orange, or yellow colored depending on concentration. An oxidizing agent is a substance used in electrochemistry that oxidizes another substance. ... Organic has several meanings and related topics. ... Laboratory glassware refers to a number of tools used by chemists and biologists in performing scientific experiments. ... This page refers to concentration in the chemical sense. ...


  Results from FactBites:
 
Chromium - LoveToKnow 1911 (2786 words)
Chromium as prepared by the Goldschmidt process is in a passive condition as regards dilute sulphuric acid and dilute hydrochloric acid at ordinary temperatures; but by heating the metal with the acid it passes into the active condition, the same effect being produced by heating the inactive form with a solution.
Chromium in the form of its salts may be estimated quantitatively by precipitation from boiling solutions with a slight excess of ammonia, and boiling until the free ammonia is nearly all expelled.
Chromium trioxide, Cr03, is obtained by adding concentrated sulphuric acid to a cold saturated solution of potassium bichromate, when it separates in long red needles; the mother liquor is drained off and the crystals are washed with concentrated nitric acid, the excess of which is removed by means of a current of dry air.
Chromic acid - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (579 words)
Although chromium can exist in a number of oxidation states, hexavalent chromium is commonly reduced in redox reactions to a +3 oxidation state, where the Cr ion is a distinctively different blue green color.
In organic chemistry, more dilute hexavalent chromium solutions can be used to oxidize a hydroxyl group and the carbon atom it is bonded to in a primary or secondary alcohol to a carbonyl group.
Chromium trioxide and pyridinium hydrochloride (pyridine neutralized by HCl) can be used to form a pyridinium chlorochromate reagent under anhydrous conditions.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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