Chromosome 14 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 14 spans about 109 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 3 and 3.5% of the total DNA in cells. Image File history File links Chromosome_14. ... Figure 1: A representation of a condensed eukaryotic chromosome, as seen during cell division. ... Trinomial name Homo sapiens sapiens Linnaeus, 1758 Humans, or human beings, are bipedal primates belonging to the mammalian species Homo sapiens (Latin for wise man or knowing man) under the family Hominidae (the great apes). ... Base pairs, of a DNA molecule. ... The structure of part of a DNA double helix. ... Drawing of the structure of cork as it appeared under the microscope to Robert Hooke from Micrographia which is the origin of the word cell. Cells in culture, stained for keratin (red) and DNA (green). ...

Identifying genes on each chromosome is an active area of genetic research. Because researchers use different approaches to predict the number of genes on each chromosome, the estimated number of genes varies. Chromosome 14 likely contains between 700 and 1,200 genes. For other meanings of this term, see gene (disambiguation). ...

Genes

The following are some of the genes located on chromosome 14:

• COCH: coagulation factor C homolog, cochlin (Limulus polyphemus)
• GALC: galactosylceramidase (Krabbe disease)
• GCH1: GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (dopa-responsive dystonia)
• NPC2: Niemann-Pick disease, type C2
• PSEN1: presenilin 1 (Alzheimer disease 3)
• SERPINA1: serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, antitrypsin), member 1
• TSHR: thyroid stimulating hormone receptor

Galactosylceramidase is an enzyme which removes galactose from ceramide derivatives. ... GTP cyclohydrolase I (GTP 7,8-8,9-dihydrolase, EC 3. ...

Diseases

The following diseases are some of those related to genes on chromosome 14:

• alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
• Alzheimer disease
• Alzheimer disease, type 3
• congenital hypothyroidism
• Krabbe disease
• Niemann-Pick disease
• nonsyndromic deafness
• nonsyndromic deafness, autosomal dominant
• tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency

Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (A1AD or Alpha-1) is a genetic disorder caused by reduced levels of alpha 1-antitrypsin in the blood. ... Congenital hypothyroidism (CHT) is a condition of thyroid hormone deficiency present at birth. ... Krabbe disease (also known as globoid cell leukodystrophy or galactosylceramide lipidosis) is a rare, often fatal degenerative disorder that affects the nervous system. ... Niemann-Pick disease is an inherited condition involving lipid metabolism (the breakdown and use of fats and cholesterol in the body) in which harmful amounts of lipids accumulate in the spleen, liver, lungs, bone marrow, and brain. ... Nonsyndromic deafness is hearing loss that is not associated with other signs and symptoms. ... Tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency (also known as BH4 deficiency) is a rare disorder that increases the blood levels of a substance called phenylalanine. ...

References

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