This is a non-exhaustive chronology of colonialism-related events, which may recensed political events, cultural events, as well as important global events which have influenced the colonization and the decolonization. Pictoral chronology of intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency Chronology is the science of locating events in time. ... It has been suggested that Corporate colonialism be merged into this article or section. ... Colonialism in 1945 Decolonization is the process by which a colony gains its independence from a colonial power, a process opposite to colonization. ...

• 1492: "Discovery" of the "New World"
• 1822: Independence of Brazil
• 1830: Start of the French conquest of Algeria
• 1839-42: First Opium War
• 1852-60: Second Opium War
• 1853-55: Publication of Gobineau's An Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races
• 1870: Franco-Prussian War
• 1880-81: First Boer War
• 1881: Indigenous Code in Algeria
• 1884-85: Berlin Conference (UK, France, Germany)
• 1885: Foundation of the Indian National Congress
• 1895: Creation of French West Africa (AOF)
• 1895-96: First Italo-Abyssinian War
• 1898: Fashoda Incident
• 1899: Publication of Rudyard Kipling's The White Man's Burden, as well as Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness
• 1899-1902: Second Boer War
• 1904: Entente Cordiale between France and the UK
• 1904-05: Russo-Japanese War
• 1904-07: Herero Genocide
• 1910: Creation of French Equatorial Africa (AEF)
• 1911: Treaty of Lausanne (hands over Tripolitania and Cyrenaica to Italy)
• 1914-18: World War I
• 1918: Wilson's January 9 speech on the Fourteen Points
• 1924: British Empire Exhibition
• 1925: Foundation of the Algerian Star of North Africa by Messali Hadj
• 1921-1926: Rif War in Morocco, led by Abd el-Krim
• 1931: Colonial exhibition in Paris
• 1933: Publication of Gilberto Freyre's Casa-Grande & Senzala ("The Great House and the Slave Quarters" - 1933)
• 1935: Aimé Césaire coins the word Négritude
• 1935-36: Second Italo-Abyssinian War
• 1940-45: World War II
• 1941: Atlantic charter signed by president Roosevelt
• 1945: Setif massacre in Algeria on May 8
• 1945: Fifty states sign the Charter of the United Nations
• 1946-54: First Indochina War
• 1947: Official start of the Cold War (see Cold War (1947-1953) and Cold War (1953-1962))
• 1947: French repression of the Malagasy uprising. 90 to 100 000 killed.
• 1948: Colonial exhibition in Belgium
• 1951: Publication of Hannah Arendt's The Origins of Totalitarianism (second section dedicated to imperialism)
• 1952: Alfred Sauvy coins the term "Third World"
• 1953: US Operation Ajax against Mossadegh in Iran
• 1954: US Operation PBSuccess against Guatemalean president Arbenz
• 1954-62: Algerian War
• 1955: Bandung Conference
• 1959: Cuban Revolution
• 1959: Independence of Morocco and Tunisia
• 1960: Independence of French colonies in Africa; the United Nations (UN) reach 99 members states
• 1961: Creation of the Non-Aligned Movement
• 1961: Bay of Pigs Invasion
• 1961: Publication of Frantz Fanon' The Wretched of the Earth
• 1961: Assassination of Patrice Lumumba on January 17
• 1962: March 19 Evian Accords put an end to the Algerian War
• 1962: Cuban missile crisis in October, which marks the climax of the Cold War and leads to the Détente
• 1963: Assassination of Sylvanus Olympio on January 13, first president of Togo
• 1965-73: Vietnam War
• 1965: Assassination of Mehdi Ben Barka, leader of the UNPF and of the Tricontinental Conference
• 1969: Assassination of Eduardo Mondlane, leader of the FRELIMO
• 1970s: Independence of the former Portuguese colonies, following the 1974 Carnation Revolution
• 1971: Publication of Eduardo Galeano's The Veins of Latin America
• 1973: Chilean coup led by Augusto Pinochet on September 11
• 1973: Assassination of Amilcar Cabral on January 20
• 1976: Assassination of Chilean Christian-Democrat Orlando Letelier in Washington D.C. on September 21
• 1978: Publication of Edward Said's Orientalism
• 1979: Sovietic invasion of Afghanistan and start of the "Second Cold War"
• 1980: The UN reach 154 member states
• 1983: Invasion of Grenada
• 1984: Bhopal disaster in India
• 1988: Assassination of Dulcie September, member of the African National Congress
• 1989: Operation Just Cause against Manuel Noriega
• 1989: Fall of the Berlin Wall
• 1990: Independence of Namibia, the UN reach 159 states
• 1994-1996: First Chechen War
• 1996: Assassination of Dzhokhar Dudaev, first separatist president of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
• 1999: Beginning of the Second Chechen War (as of 2006, still on)
• 2005: February 23 French law on the "positive aspects" of "French presence abroad, in particular in North Africa"
• 2005: Assassination of moderate separatist Aslan Maskhadov on March 8
• 2006: Repeal of the February 23, 2005 French law, following criticisms of historical revisionism

Carte dAmérique, Guillaume Delisle, c. ... // French rule in Algeria, 1830–1962 Most of Frances actions in Algeria, not least the invasion of Algiers, were propelled by contradictory impulses. ... The First Opium War or the First Anglo-Chinese War was fought between Great Britain and the Qing Empire in China from 1839 to 1842 with the aim of forcing China to import British opium. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... It has been suggested that Degenerative races be merged into this article or section. ... An Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races by Joseph Arthur Comte de Gobineau is an early and significant work defining the concept of Scientific racism and White supremacy. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The First Boer War also known as the Transvaal War, was fought from December 16, 1880 until March 23, 1881. ... The Berlin Conference of 1884–85 regulated European colonization and trade in Africa. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... French West Africa (Afrique occidentale française, or AOF) was a federation of eight French territories in Africa: Mauritania, Senegal, French Sudan (now Mali), Guinea, Côte dIvoire, Niger, Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso) and Dahomey (now Benin). ... The First Italian-Abyssinian War was one of the very few instances of successful armed African resistance to European colonialism in the 19th century. ... The Fashoda Incident (1898) was the climax of imperial territorial disputes between the United Kingdom and France in Eastern Africa. ... Rudyard Kipling Joseph Rudyard Kipling (December 30, 1865 – January 18, 1936) was a British author and poet, born in India. ... Wikisource has original text related to this article: The White Mans Burden The white mans burden - a satiric take This advertisement for soap uses the theme of the White Mans Burden, encouraging white people to teach cleanliness to members of other races. ... Joseph Conrad. ... A September 2002 printing of Heart of Darkness published by Hesperus Press. ... Combatants British Empire Orange Free State, South African Republic Commanders Frederick Roberts later Lord Kitchener Christiaan Rudolf de Wet and Paul Kruger Casualties Military dead:22,000 Civilian dead:N/A Total dead:22,000 Military dead:6,500 Civilian dead:24,000 Total dead:30,500 The Second Boer... The Entente Cordiale (French for friendly understanding) is a series of agreements signed on April 8, 1904, between the United Kingdom and France. ... Insert non-formatted text here Combatants Imperial Russia Empire of Japan Strength 500,000 Soldiers 400,000 Soldiers Casualties 25,331 Killed 146,032 Wounded 47,387 Killed 173,425 Wounded Greater Manchuria, Russian (outer) Manchuria is region to upper right in lighter Red; Liaodong Peninsula is the wedge extending... Surviving Herero after the escape through the arid desert of Omaheke. ... French Equatorial Africa (Afrique Équatoriale Française, AEF) was the federation of French colonial possessions in Middle Africa, extending northwards from the Congo River to the Sahara Desert. ... West borders of Turkey The Treaty of Lausanne was a peace treaty that was signed in Lausanne, Switzerland on July 24, 1923 by Turkey and Entente powers that fought in the First World War and in the Turkish Independence War. ... Tripolitania is a historic region of western Libya, centered around the coastal city of Tripoli. ... The Roman Empire ca. ... Combatants Allies: Serbia, Russia, France, Romania, Belgium, British Empire, United States, Italy, and others Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire Casualties Military dead:5 million Civilian dead:3 million Total dead:8 million Military dead:4 million Civilian dead:3 million Total dead:7 million The First World... Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 – February 3, 1924) was the 28th President of the United States (1913–1921). ... United States President Woodrow Wilson delivered a speech to Congress on January 8, 1918, outlining Fourteen Points for reconstructing a new Europe following World War I. While many of the points were specific, others were more general, including freedom of the seas, abolishing secret treaties, disarmament, restored sovereignty of some... The British Empire Exhibition was held at Wembley, London in 1924. ... ... Messali Hadj (مصالي الحاج) was the founder of the Mouvement National Algérien, an early Algerian nationalist group and rival of the Front de Libération Nationale. ... Time Magazine, August 17, 1925 Abd el-Krim (c. ... The Eiffel Tower, the international symbol of the city, with the skyscrapers of La Défense business district 5 km/ 3 mi behind. ... Gilberto Freyre (1900-1987) was a Brazilian author, known for his 1933 sociological treatise Casa-Grande & Senzala (The Masters and the Slaves). ... Aimé Fernand David Césaire (born June 20, 1913) is a Martinican author and politician. ... Négritude is a literary and political movement developed in the 1930s by a group that included the future Senegalese President Léopold Sédar Senghor, Martinican poet Aimé Césaire, and Léon Damas. ... Combatants Italy Ethiopia Commanders Strength 800,000 (only ~330,000 mobilized) 100,000 (some ill-equipped) Casualties 15,000 16,000 {{{notes}}} The Second Italo-Abyssinian War, also called the Rape of Ethiopia, lasted seven months in 1935-1936. ... Combatants Allies: Poland, British Commonwealth, France/Free France, Soviet Union, United States, China, and others Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan, and others Casualties Military dead: 17 million Civilian dead: 33 million Total dead: 50 million Military dead: 8 million Civilian dead: 4 million Total dead: 12 million World War II... Churchill meets FDR aboard USS Augusta at their 1941 secret meeting at Argentia, Newfoundland. ... Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882–April 12, 1945), 32nd President of the United States, the longest-serving holder of the office and the only man to be elected President more than twice, was one of the central figures of 20th century history. ... Map of Algeria showing Setif province The Setif massacre was an attack on Algerian protesters by colonial French soldiers on May 8, 1945, the same day that Germany surrendered in World War II. Anti-French sentiment had been building across Algeria for months, leading to thousand-person protests in such... The United Nations Charter is the constitution of the United Nations. ... Combatants French Republic Viet Minh Commanders Strength 500,000  ? Casualties 94,581 dead 78,127 wounded 40,000 captured 300,000+ dead 500,000+ wounded 100,000 captured The First Indochina War (also called the French Indochina War) was fought in Southeast Asia from 1946 through 1954 between the nation... The Cold War (Russian: Холодная война , Kholodna-ya voina) was the protracted geopolitical, ideological, and economic struggle that emerged after World War II between the global superpowers of the Soviet Union and the United States, supported by their alliance partners. ... The Cold War (1947-1953) discusses the period within the Cold War from the establishment of the Truman Doctrine in 1947 to the Korean War in 1953. ... The Cold War (1953-1962) discusses the period within the Cold War from the death of Joseph Stalin in 1953 to the Bay of Pigs Invasion in 1962. ... The written history of Madagascar began in the seventh century A.D., when Arabs established trading posts along the northwest coast. ... Hannah Arendt (October 14, 1906 – December 4, 1975) was a German political theorist. ... The Origins of Totalitarianism is a book by Hannah Arendt, dedicated to her husband Heinrich Blücher. ... Alfred Sauvy by Erling Mandelmann © http://www. ... For the Jamaican reggae band, see Third World (band). ... Soldiers surround the Parliament building in Tehran on August 19, 1953. ... Mohammed Mossadegh (Persian: محمد مصدق‎) (May 19, 1882 - March 4, 1967) was prime minister of Iran from 1951 to 1953. ... Former president Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán on the cover of TIME magazine in June 1954 after his overthrow Operation PBSUCCESS was a CIA-organized covert operation that overthrew the democratically-elected President of Guatemala, Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán in 1954. ... // Pre-Columbian Guatemala The Maya civilization thrived throughout much of Guatemala and the surrounding region for close to 2000 years before the Spanish arrived in the early 16th century. ... Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán was the democratically-elected, left-wing reformist President of Guatemala. ... The Algerian War of Independence (1954–62) was a period of guerrilla strikes, maquis fighting, terrorism against civilians on both sides, and riots between the French army and colonists, or the colons as they were called, in French special département Algeria and the FLN (Front de Libération Nationale... The Bandung Conference was a meeting of Asian and African states, most of which were newly independent, organized by Egypt, Indonesia, Burma, Ceylon(Sri Lanka), India, and Pakistan. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... United Nations - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Member states of the Non-Aligned Movement (2005) The Non-Aligned Movement, or NAM, is an international organization of over 100 states which consider themselves not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. ... Combatants Cuban militia Cuban exiles trained by the US Commanders Fidel Castro Grayston Lynch Pepe San Roman Erneido Oliva Strength 51,000 1,500 Casualties 2,200; estimated 115 dead 1,189 captured Cuban poster warning before invasion showing a soldier armed with an RPD machine gun. ... Frantz Fanon (July 20, 1925 – December 6, 1961) was perhaps the preeminent thinker of the 20th century on the issue of decolonization and the psychopathology of colonization. ... The Wretched of the Earth is Frantz Fanons best-known work, written during and regarding the Algerian struggle for independence from colonial rule. ... Patrice Lumumba Patrice Emery Lumumba (2 July 1925 - 17 January 1961) was an African nationalist leader and the first Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo when it declared its independence in June 1960. ... -1... U.S.A.F. spy photo of one of the suspected launch sites The Cuban Missile Crisis involved the Soviet Union and the United States regarding the Soviet deployment of nuclear missiles in Cuba. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Sylvanus Olympio Sylvanus Epiphanio Olympio (1902 - 13 January 1963) was a Togolese political figure. ... Combatants Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) United States of America South Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand the Philippines Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) National Liberation Front (Viet Cong) Strength ~1,200,000 (1968) ~420,000 (1968) Casualties South Vietnamese dead: 230,000 South Vietnamese wounded: 300,000 US dead... Mehdi Ben Barka (1920 in Rabat – disappeared 1965 in Paris) was a Moroccan politician. ... Some regard Eduardo Chivambo Mondlane (1920-1969) as the father of Mozambican independence. ... The Mozambican Liberation Front (FRELIMO, pronounced fray-LEE-moo; Portuguese: Frente de Libertação de Moçambique) is a political party that has ruled Mozambique since independence in 1975. ... The Carnation Revolution (Portuguese, Revolução dos Cravos) was an almost bloodless, left-leaning, military-led revolution started on April 25, 1974, in Lisbon, Portugal, that effectively changed the Portuguese regime from an authoritarian dictatorship to a liberal democracy after a two-year process of a Left-wing semi-military... Eduardo Hughes Galeano (born September 3, 1940) is a radical Uruguayan journalist whose books have been translated into many languages. ... Latin America refers to countries in the Americas where latin derived (romance) languages are spoken, these countries generally lie south of the United States. ... The Chilean coup détat was a watershed event in the history of Chile and the Cold War. ... lcar Cabral Am lcar Lopes Cabral (1924–January 20, 1973) was an African writer and nationalist. ... The Christian Democrat Party of Chile (Partido Demócrata Cristiano de Chile) is a political party in Chile and governs as part of the Coalition of Parties for Democracy coalition. ... Orlando Letelier (1932 April 13 - 1976 September 21) was a member of the Salvador Allende’s government who was assassinated in Washington, D.C., by Chilean DINA agents in 1976. ... Edward Said Edward Wadie Said (November 1, 1935 – September 25, 2003; Arabic: ) was a well-known Palestinian American literary theorist, critic, and outspoken pro-Palestinian activist. ... Orientalism (1978; 25th-anniversary edition 2003 ISBN 0671502484) is a 328-page study by Edward Said of a mostly British and French tradition, cultural apparatus, or style of thought based on the Orient/Occident distinction. ... Combatants USSR Democratic Republic of Afghanistan Mujahideen Rebels supported by nations such as the United States, Pakistan, China and Saudi Arabia Commanders General Boris Gromov Gulbuddin Hekmatyar Sibghatullah Mojadeddi Ahmed Shah Massoud Abdul Ali Mazari Indirect and Minor roles Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq Casualties Over 15,000 Soviet military personnel... The Cold War (1979-1985) discusses the period within the Cold War between the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 to the rise of Mikhail Gorbachev as Soviet leader in 1985. ... The factual accuracy of this article is disputed. ... Time cover about Bhopal disaster. ... Dulcie Evonne September (died March 29, 1988) was a notable murder victim. ... The African National Congress (ANC) is a centre-left political party, and has been South Africas governing party supported by a tripartite alliance between itself, the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) and the South African Communist Party (SACP) since the establishment of majority rule in May 1994. ... Combatants United States Panama Commanders General Carl W. Stiner Manuel Noriega Strength 27,684+ 3,000+ Casualties 23 Dead, 324 Wounded 450 Military, 500-4,000 Civilian U.S. Army Rangers prepare to take La Comandancia in the El Chorrillo neighborhood of Panama City, December 1989. ... Manuel Antonio Noriega Moreno (born February 11, 1938) was a Panamanian general and the de facto military leader of Panama from 1983 to 1989. ... In the last phase of the wall´s development, the death strip between fence and concrete wall gave guards a clear shot at hundreds of would-be escapees from the East. ... The First Chechen War occurred when Russian forces attempted to recapture the breakaway southern republic of Chechnya in a two year period lasting from 1994 to 1996. ... Dzhokhar Musayevich Dudayev (Chechen Latin: Dzoxar Dudayev; Cyrillic: Джоха́р Муса́евич Дуда́ев, 15 April 1944 – 21 April 1996) was a soviet air force general and a Chechen leader, the first (separatist) president of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, an unrecognized breakaway state in the Caucasus. ... Official language Chechen Claimed Capital Grozny (Dzhokhar, after 1996) President Abdul-Khalim Sadulayev Independence  â€“ Declared  â€“ Recognition From Russia  â€“ November 1, 1991  â€“ none National anthem Death or Freedom The Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (Чеченская Республика Ичкерия) is the unrecognized secessionist government of the Chechen Republic. ... Combatants Russia Chechen separatists Casualties Unknown (minimum 5,000 killed) Unknown (minimum 5,000 killed) Chechnya within Russia Chechnya and Caucasus region The Second Chechen War is part of an ongoing conflict in the Chechen Republic (Chechnya) and Russia. ... Aslan Maskhadov Aslan Aliyevich Maskhadov (Russian: Аслан Алиевич Масхадов) (September 21, 1951 – March 8, 2005) was a leader of the separatist movement in the southern Russian republic of Chechnya. ... Historical revisionism is the attempt to change commonly held ideas about the past. ...

See also

• Colonialism
• Historiography