Biblical chronology is the academic discipline of identifying the Gregorian calendar dates for events mentioned by the Bible. The dating of events, from the narrative of Joseph to the times of the Babylonian captivity, are heavily reliant on the related discipline of Egyptian Chronology, the Old Testament, New Testament, Mishna sources, and on the work of James Ussher. Image File history File links Broom_icon. ... The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used calendar in the world. ... Joseph, in the Hebrew Bible appears in the Book of Genesis. ... Babylonian captivity also refers to the permanence of the Avignon Papacy. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Note: Judaism commonly uses the term Tanakh to refer to its canon, which corresponds to the Protestant Old Testament. ... This article is about the Christian scriptures. ... Archbishop James Ussher (1581-1656) James Ussher (sometimes spelled Usher) (4 January 1581–21 March 1656) was Anglican Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland between 1625–1656 and a prolific religious scholar who most famously published a chronology which calculated the date of Creation as 4004 BC. // Ussher...

Dates in the Bronze Age are traditional and do not have archaeological corroborations. Dates in the Iron Age and later are placed by the Bible into the wider framework of history, and so are dated by biblical references to historically verifiable events, such as Shishak's raid in 926 BCE. The Bronze Age is a period in a civilizations development when the most advanced metalworking has developed the techniques of smelting copper from natural outcroppings and alloys it to cast bronze. ... Iron Age Axe found on Gotland This article is about the archaeological period known as the Iron Age, for the mythological Iron Age see Iron Age (mythology). ... nomen or birth name Hedjkheperre Setepenre Shoshenq I (Egyptian Å¡Å¡nq), also known as Sheshonk or Sheshonq I (for discussion of the spelling, see Shoshenq), was a Meshwesh Libyan king of Egypt and founder of the Twenty-second Dynasty. ...

For a historical look at the bible see The Bible and history The article concerns the historicity of the Bible. ...

See Short chronology for a more detailed history of the Ancient Middle East and Ancient Near East region. See Timeline of Christianity for a more detailed chronology of the Christian Era. The Chronology of the Ancient Orient deals with the notoriously difficult task of assigning years of the Common Era to various events, rulers and dynasties of the 3rd and 2nd millennia BC. The chronology of this region is based on five sets of primary materials. ... A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ... Overview map of the Ancient Near East The term Ancient Near East or Ancient Orient encompasses the early civilizations predating Classical Antiquity in the region roughly corresponding to that described by the modern term Middle East (Egypt, Iraq, Turkey), during the time roughly spanning the Bronze Age from the rise... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Wycliffe Tyndale · Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      The purpose of this...

The dates of events during the Iron Age Hebrew Kingdoms are based on the estimates of William F. Albright, Edwin R. Thiele, and Gershon Galil. For more detailed chronologies of this period, see Kingdom of Judah and Kingdom of Israel. William Foxwell Albright (May 24, 1891 - September 19/20, 1971) was an evangelical Methodist archaelogist, biblical authority, linguist and expert on ceramics. ... Edwin R. Thiele (1895-1986) was a missionary, writer, archaeologist, and professor of the Old Testament. ... Gershon Galil, Ph. ... Kingdom of Judah (Hebrew מַלְכוּת יְהוּדָה, Standard Hebrew Malḫut Yəhuda, Tiberian Hebrew Malḵûṯ Yəhûḏāh) in the times of the Hebrew Bible, was the nation formed from the territories of the tribes of Judah, Simeon, and Benjamin after the Kingdom of Israel was divided, and was named after Judah... 10th century BCE: The Land of Israel, including the United Kingdom of Israel Commonwealth of Israel redirects here. ...

Nature

The nature of Biblical Chronology is disputed by two schools of thought. One regards the characters and events of that chronology as real people and incidents which can be assigned to a specific place in time. The other regards them as myths based on historical people and incidents which cannot be assigned to a specific place in time, especially those prior to the birth of Abraham.

The latter is the most popular in academic circle today, so most modern chronologies generally go no further back than the birth of Abraham.

Pivotal dates

Every chronology uses "pivotal dates". Throughout history, the chronologers of those times would calculate forward and backward from dates that were regarded as fixed fact, trusting the then-accepted sources. Sometimes, however, these pivotal dates, as they relate to Biblical chronology, have not been indisputable. Some examples follow below.

A "Not-So-Fixed" Pivotal Date

An example is the Sothic Exodus and Sothic Era. Is the Exodus on the Sothic Era? Muslims of 622 AD placed the Sothic Era as 1322 BC as a constant 1460-year cycle when Thoth 1 falls on July 20 they calculated for 30° latitude. However for 1326 BC-1290 BC we calculate July 18 for 30°, July 19 for 31° Alexandria, and July 20 as 32°. The Sothic Era for 30° is thus July 18 of 1314 BC, only 1452 years to 139 AD July 20. So this supposed fixed pivotal date, the Sothic Era, floats around pending on various calculation, or even mere doctrinal view. But the nature of Sothis having a traditional 70-day absence exists at the Great Pyramid of 30°. At 31° Alexandria, absence is 72 days; at 25° Thebes, absence is 60 days. Sothic merely means 1 day per 4 years and is not relative to which date. So most chronologies reveal a Sothic span from the Biblical Flood to the Exodus in Julian years so that the Exodus is Sothic without being on the Sothic Era. An example is the current Seder Olam Rabbah which places the Flood as 2105 BC, then Egypt's 365-day calendar as 2033 BC (73 x 360 days = 72 x 365 days), and then 720 years (180 leap days) to 1313 BC as the Exodus. In this case the Sothic nature is Flood to a Sothic Era of Ramses in 1313 BC when new year Thoth 1 falls on July 17, they calculate for 30° latitude, but accuracy demands July 17 be 29°. The Censorinus date is XII Kal Aug meaning 12 days before the Kalends of August (July 21) but calculates as July 20, which is 13 days before the Kalends of Aug. So Ussher begins Egypt with Hyksos rulers, the 2nd king in 2066 BC (July 21) whose 185 leap days make an Era of 1326 BC July 21. Yet in all these cases the common intent is to recognize that a Sothic calculation took place in the world at the time of the Exodus, even if no document exists any longer. The Sothic cycle or Canicular period is a period of 1461 ancient Egyptian years (of 365 days each) or 1460 Julian years (averaging 365. ... Exodus is the second book of the Torah, the Tanakh, and the Old Testament. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... Events Hijra - Muhammad and his followers withdraw from Mecca to Medina - year one of the Islamic calendar. ... (Redirected from 1322 BC) Centuries: 15th century BC - 14th century BC - 13th century BC Decades: 1370s BC 1360s BC 1350s BC 1340s BC 1330s BC - 1320s BC - 1310s BC 1300s BC 1290s BC 1280s BC 1270s BC Events and Trends Egypt: End of Eighteenth Dynasty, start of Nineteenth Dynasty (1320... is the 201st day of the year (202nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... (Redirected from 1326 BC) Centuries: 15th century BC - 14th century BC - 13th century BC Decades: 1370s BC 1360s BC 1350s BC 1340s BC 1330s BC - 1320s BC - 1310s BC 1300s BC 1290s BC 1280s BC 1270s BC Events and Trends Egypt: End of Eighteenth Dynasty, start of Nineteenth Dynasty (1320... (Redirected from 1290 BC) Centuries: 14th century BC - 13th century BC - 12th century BC Decades: 1340s BC 1330s BC 1320s BC 1310s BC 1300s BC - 1290s BC - 1280s BC 1270s BC 1260s BC 1250s BC 1240s BC Events and Trends December 15 1290 BC - Seti I, Pharaoh of Egypt dies. ... is the 199th day of the year (200th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 200th day of the year (201st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Nickname: Alexandria on the map of Egypt Map of Alexandria Coordinates: , Country Egypt Founded 334 BC Government  - Governor Adel Labib Population (2001)  - City 3,500,000 Time zone EET (UTC+2)  - Summer (DST) EEST (UTC+3) Twin Cities  - Baltimore  United States  - Cleveland  United States  - ConstanÅ£a  Romania  - Durban  South Africa... is the 201st day of the year (202nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... (Redirected from 1314 BC) Centuries: 15th century BC - 14th century BC - 13th century BC Decades: 1360s BC 1350s BC 1340s BC 1330s BC 1320s BC - 1310s BC - 1300s BC 1290s BC 1280s BC 1270s BC 1260s BC Events and Trends The Bhagavad Gita is written, according to some Hindu traditions. ... The Great Pyramid of Giza, (sometimes spelled Gizeh) is the oldest and last remaining of the Seven Wonders of the World and the most famous pyramid in the world. ... Noah or Nóach (Rest, Standard Hebrew נוֹחַ Nóaḥ, Tiberian Hebrew נֹחַ Nōªḥ; Arabic نوح Nūḥ) is a character from the Book of Genesis who builds an ark to save his family and the world... The Julian calendar was introduced in 46 BC by Julius Caesar and came into force in 45 BC (709 ab urbe condita). ... Seder Olam Rabbah (Hebrew: סדר עולם רבה) is the earliest post-exilic chronicle preserved in the Hebrew language. ... (Redirected from 1313 BC) Centuries: 15th century BC - 14th century BC - 13th century BC Decades: 1360s BC 1350s BC 1340s BC 1330s BC 1320s BC - 1310s BC - 1300s BC 1290s BC 1280s BC 1270s BC 1260s BC Events and Trends The Bhagavad Gita is written, according to some Hindu traditions. ... This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... (Redirected from 1313 BC) Centuries: 15th century BC - 14th century BC - 13th century BC Decades: 1360s BC 1350s BC 1340s BC 1330s BC 1320s BC - 1310s BC - 1300s BC 1290s BC 1280s BC 1270s BC 1260s BC Events and Trends The Bhagavad Gita is written, according to some Hindu traditions. ... Censorinus, Roman grammarian and miscellaneous writer, flourished during the 3rd century AD. He was the author of a lost work De Accentibus and of an extant treatise De Die Natali, written in 238, and dedicated to his patron Quintus Caerellius as a birthday gift. ... James Ussher (also spelled Usher) (January 4, 1581–March 21, 1656) was Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland between 1625–1656 and a prolific religious scholar who most famously published a chronology which dated creation from 4004 BC. Ussher was born in Dublin, Ireland into a well-to... The Hyksos (Egyptian heqa khasewet, foreign rulers; Greek , ) were an Asiatic, likely Semitic or Indo-Aryan people who invaded the eastern Nile Delta, initiating the Second Intermediate Period of ancient Egypt. ...

The Watchtower uses two pivotal dates, one (539 BC) for the Hebrew Scriptures, also known as the Old Testament and one for the Christian Greek Scriptures or the New Testament. The year 539 BC is for Cyrus the Persian who overthrew Babylon. The New Testament pivotal date is 14 AD, for the 1st year of reign of Emperor Tiberius(in the Julian calendar) because John the Baptizer is mentioned as the 15th year (27 AD by most sources, Ussher and the WatchTower say 29 AD). Ironically, Ussher uses 4 BC to 29 AD as Jesus' 30 years. The source for 4 BC seems to in 786 AD (verify) were we find that Beatus of Liebana adds up 5227 years from Adam to the birth of Jesus saying it is 5200 years with 800 AD until the year 6000. The Watchtower is an illustrated religious magazine printed and published by Jehovahs Witnesses via their Watchtower Bible and Tract Society in Wallkill, Ulster County, New York and branch offices around the world. ... Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 580s BC - 570s BC - 560s BC - 550s BC - 540s BC - 530s BC - 520s BC - 510s BC - 500s BC - 490s BC - 480s BC Events and Trends 538 BC - Babylon occupied by Jews transported to Babylon are allowed to return to... The word Hebrew most likely means to cross over, referring to the Semitic people crossing over the Euphrates River. ... Note: Judaism commonly uses the term Tanakh to refer to its canon, which corresponds to the Protestant Old Testament. ... This article is about the Christian scriptures. ... The name Cyrus (or Kourosh in Persian) may refer to: [[Cyrus I of Anshan]], King of Persia around 650 BC [[Cyrus II of Persia | Cyrus the Great]], King of Persia 559 BC - 529 BC — See also Cyrus in the Judeo-Christian tradition Cyrus the Younger, brother to the Persian king... The Persian Empire was a series of historical empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the old Persian homeland, and beyond in Western Asia, Central Asia and the Caucasus. ... Babylon (in Arabic: بابل; in Syriac: ܒܒܙܠ in Hebrew:בבל) was an ancient city in Mesopotamia (modern Al Hillah, Iraq), the ruins of which can be found in present-day Babil Province, about 80km south of Baghdad. ... (Redirected from 14 AD) For other uses, see number 14. ... Tiberius Caesar Augustus, born Tiberius Claudius Nero (November 16, 42 BC – March 16 AD 37), was the second Roman Emperor, from the death of Augustus in AD 14 until his own death in 37. ... Look up Julian, Julien in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... John the Baptist (also called John the Baptizer or John the Dipper) is regarded as a prophet by at least three religions: Christianity, Islam, and Mandaeanism. ... Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 20s BC 10s BC 0s BC 0s 10s - 20s - 30s 40s 50s 60s 70s Years: 22 23 24 25 26 - 27 - 28 29 30 31 32 Events The Emperor Tiberius retires to Capri, leaving the praetorian prefect Sejanus in charge of... This article is about Jesus of Nazareth. ... The Beatus of Liébana, Codex of Ferdinand I and Doña Sancha, is also known as Facundus Beatus, and is the most beautiful and complete of all the Beatus manuscripts (Henri Stierling) and the only one commissioned by a King. ...

Dating biblical events is still complex. One researcher described the Bible as being written like a Reader's Digest "condensed book", in that it contains all the information you need, but not all the information you want. Many books cover months or decades of time in just a few verses or a couple of chapters, or leave out certain time periods altogether. The Gospels for instance ignore 27 years of Jesus Christ's 33.5 years of life. Exodus ignores about 60 years of Moses life in a similar way. Often the Bible will change perspective. The opening chapter of Genesis for example is written like the overviewing prologue to a book, then switches perspective to focus in on individual persons like Adam as if you have turned the page from the prologue to chapter one. It is easy to be caught out. This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... For the genre of Christian-themed music, see gospel music. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Moses with the Tablets, 1659, by Rembrandt This article is about the Biblical figure. ... Michelangelos The Creation of Adam, a fresco on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, shows God creating Adam, with Eve in His arm. ...

The chronology composed by Reverend Ussher is regarded by many as the only trustworthy Biblical chronology, because many copies of the King James Version have been published with his dates in the columns. For this reason, the dates he affixed to Biblical events are widely used, even today. This page is about the version of the Bible; for the Harvey Danger album, see King James Version (album). ...

Bible chronologers

Examples of Pivotal Dates

Eusebius calculates dates from Abram's birth as 2016 BC to an Exodus of 1511 BC to the temple as 1033 BC and the division of Israel into two kingdoms as 996 BC and an Olympic Era of 774 BC. Compare this to the WatchTower and it could be said that every date from 2016-774 BC is a pivotal date if corrected to 2018-776 BC. It does seem 1033 BC is chosen for being the year of The Monkey as it is also for Herod in 37 BC as Jupiter's 996 cycle with the oriental 12-year calendar.

Hippolytus definitely regards the Egyptian calendar as the pivotal date Thoth 1 on 2782 BC July 20. He places the Flood as 475 years before it ending in 3257 BC. Compare this to WatchTower's Flood ending in 2369 BC being 475 years to Babylon in 1894 BC. Egypt recognized a lunar calendar of 25 years as 309 lunar months (R.Parker, Chicago Oriental Institute). HIPPOLYTUS also places the Exodus in 1792 BC, so does he recognize this as Hamurabi's 1st year !

Moslems definitely regard the Egyptian calendar as the pivotal date Thoth 1 on 2782 BC July 20. Their Prophet in 622 AD as year 6000 places the 2256 AM Flood in 3122 BC which is 340 years from Flood to calendar. Compare this 340 years to Ussher 2349-2009 BC and WatchTower 2370-2030 BC when Peleg died. Both Hippolytus and Moslems accept a Sothic Era of 1322 BC in order to accept the 2782 BC as 1460 years earlier.

Africanus decides that Adam's 3192 years of Hippolytus as 2242+950 is 2262+930 with good reason, because a Flood of 3238 BC is 600 years before 2637 BC, the Chinese calendar. Compare this to 1656+600 = 2256 years to baby Judah's birth in Harran Syria.

All these chronologies have a reason and explanation for the year 2009 BC which would be Marduk of either Babel or later Babylon. They regarded it as a pivotal dated event in year 9 of Abraham.

Various years for Adam's Creation

Africanus and Hippolytus of Greece and Hippolytus of Thebes create an Alexandrian Era of 5500 BC as being Adam. This is based on Babylon being the year 3600 in 1900 BC. It could be the last year of Ur, or 1st year of Babylon, or last year of Babylon's 300 years of kings. (Middle Chronology 1894-1594 BC) This chronology is why the Nordic Scandinavians waited for the End in 500 AD as year 6000.

Eusebius and Beatus follow accepted Greek astronomy which place Adam as 5200 BC based on 1600 BC as Babylon's year 3600. This is why the Pope made arrangement to crown king Charlemagne of France as God's kingdom in 800 AD on Christmas Day. It kept laity intact with the Church rather than look for another Church as God's kingdom of the year 6000.

Regarding 1600 BC as Adam's 2400 gives the year 4000 BC for Adam. The 584-day Venus calendar will make 5 conjunctions in 8 years. These 5 points rotate the full zodiac in 1200 Egyptian years (1199 Julian 65 days) but synodic Venus (583.92 days) will fall back 60 days. Amizaduga completed his Venus tablets in 1625 BC when he died, not 1601 BC which is Venus 24 years later. If this is year 2400 then Adam was created in 4025 BC, but the real Venus (1199 years) would have been 4023 BC apparently insignificant to Adam.

EXAMPLES OF ADAM CREATED

Magi 6000 BC

Josephus 5716 BC

Hippolytus and Africanus 5500 BC

Eusebius and Greeks 5200 BC

William Whiston 4485 BC

William Whiston 4236 BC

Charles Taze Russell 4128 BC

Judge Rutherford 4028 BC

WatchTower 4026 BC then 4025 BC

Ussher 4004 BC

Seder Olam Rabbah 3761 BC

Various Years for the Flood

The Flood is based on a debate of 1656 years. Because Noah was 600 years old when the Flood came the debate is whether it was 1656 years to his birth (Flood 2256 AM), or 1656 to the Flood (1656 AM), or 1656 to his death so 1306+350, (Flood 1307 AM). The figures were altered accordingly. Next came the altering of 2256 into 2242 and 2262. This is from debating over the year 3192 as 2256+936 or 2242+950 or 2262+930. Names for the year 3192 are Marduk and Tau and Ptah and Tamuz, as the star of Men, Mena, Menes, Mene, Narmer, Manu, Noah, Vishnu, Israel, and Judah. The 936x365 days is 949x360 days to year 950. But as 950x365 days it is postFlood Man cannot live as long as Noah. As 930 it is postFlood Man cannot live as long as Adam. Thus Adam equated with Men (Mene) and Egypt traced back to 5200 BC and 5500 BC.

Samples of where all these Flood years were placed are:

Eusebius (Greek) 2958 BC (2242 AM);

Hippolytus 3258 BC (2242 AM);

Africanus 3238 BC (2262 AM);

Josephus 3460 BC (2256 AM);

Josephus book titles 3060 BC (2656 AM);

William Whiston 2929 BC (1556 AM);

William Whiston 2929 BC (1307 AM) to make 1766 AD as year 6000 (1763 AD is 3.5 years earlier as 2300 after Daniel's death in 536 BC)

Charles Taze Russell 2472 BC (1656 AM); so 1874 AD is 6000

Judge Rutherford 2372 BC (1656 AM);

WatchTower 2370 BC (1656 AM); so 1975 AD is 6000

Ussher 2349 BC (1656 AM); the year 1996 ignored due to fear of the year 2000

Seder Olam Rabbah 2105 BC (1656 AM);

The ten figures until the Flood:

1656 = 130+105+ 90+ 70+ 65+162+ 65+187+182+600

2256 = 230+205+190+170+165+162+165+187+182+600. This is 1656 to Noah's birth.

2242 = 230+205+190+170+165+162+165+167+188+600

2262 = 230+205+190+170+165+162+165+187+188+600

compare

1656 = 130+105+ 90+ 70+ 65+162+ 65+187+182+600

1556 = 130+105+ 90+ 70+ 65+ 62+ 65+187+182+600

compare

2242 = 230+205+190+170+165+162+165+167+188+600

1307 = 130+105+ 90+ 70+ 65+ 62+ 65+ 67+ 53+600th. Note 67+53+600 = 720 sothic

1306+350 is 1656 to Noah's death.

Various Exodus

The issue with the exodus is 600,000 men between age 20 and 60. Double that as 1,200,000 to include women, and then include all those under 20 and older than 60, and estimates exist of 3 million people. For this reason it is presumed today that early Christians presumed that residency in Egypt was a total alien residency in both Canaan and Egypt. However, you can see that the Jewish Seder Olam is even 5 years less. All other chronologies reveal that 430 years in Egypt from the time Jacob entered is completely a modern invention and new doctrine. What should be noted is the record that the Hyksos left in the 518th year of their residency. This 517 years is from Peleg's death to the exodus, when 205-year old Terah dies under care of his 75-year old son Abram, 87 years after Peleg. This means the citizens of Israel are Hyksos Egyptians who leave with Israel and become sworn in. By stretching the chronology back, two exodus are created. And confusion includes even the exodus into Egypt because these are citizens who become nomads in fleeing the rulerships of culturally insane society. Because the Seder Olam Rabbah chooses 1313 BC as the Sothic year of Exodus, it allowed modern attempts to place Jacob's entry into Egypt as 430 years earlier back in 1743 BC, only 15 years before WatchTower's 1728 BC. But the past predicts the future; and the bible encourages two things, be an alien resident as they were in Canaan waiting for the wicked to fall, and ten men will take the skirt of a Jew, meaning those saved will outnumber the ones leading the way. If Israel numbered 3 million (2,400,000 + 600,000) in a 5:1 ratio for total citizens versus census, perhaps 10:1 was the ratio of Hyksos to Israel (genetic Israel being only 300,000 of the 3 million; divided as genetic Israel being 60,000 of the 600,000 census, plus 240,000 of the 2.4 million relatives). So 3 million Egyptians (Hyksos) happily following over 300,000 Jews (Israelites) out of Egypt in the Exodus. ḍ:The article Exodus discusses the events related in the book of the Bible and Torah by the same name. ...

Africanus 1792 BC (430 years) Abram 75 = 2297-2222 BC

Hippolytus 1687 BC (430 years) Abram 75 = 2192-2117 BC

Josephus 1664 BC (430 years) Abram 75 = 2169-2094 BC

WatchTower 1513 BC (430 years) Abram 75 = 2018-1943 BC

Eusebius 1511 BC (430 years) Abram 75 = 2016-1941 BC

Ussher 1492 BC (430 years) Abram 75 = 1997-1922 BC

modern 1450 BC (215 + 430 years) Abram 75 = 2170-2095 BC

modern 1290 BC (215 + 430 years) Abram 75 = 2010-1935 BC

Seder Olam Rabbah 1313 BC (25+400 years) Abram 75 = 1813-1738 BC

Regarding Jesus born in 4 BC

A monk known as Dennis the Little (Dionysius), recognized that Julian dates of the 28-year week cycle and of the 19-year lunar cycle will repeat in 532 years. So he calculated the birth of Jesus as the span of time to 532 AD. However, we now need to recognize that span to year 532 AD is 532 years but we have changed our concept and now use it to say 532nd year. The date the Magi christened the baby as king is one year earlier on Jan 6 of what we call 1 BC, not 1 AD which is one year as baby king. Our concept was changed when we created BC as years Before Christ. So the astronomic number ZERO year is better to perceive real time for years BEFORE CHRIST. This means if Jesus was born in 2 BC as Africanus and Eusebius imply, it is only 1 year before the year that Dennis calculated as 532 years. Ussher places 30 years of Jesus as 4 BC to 29 AD and never corrects it because culture is insisting on both as fixed dates. But Ussher is not the source of 4 BC, he is just allowing schools to have their say. Nor is the eclipse in Josephus the source for 4 BC since that eclipse is minor compared to those 3 years later. Beatus is clearly the source because his listing figures to add up to 5200 years but add up to 5227 years forces the Church to cover it over by saying a 27 AD Christ is reborn. This means the error developed from 786-1650 AD and taken to Britain.

Regarding Jesus dying in 30 AD

Before the Protesting churches arose, the Catholic doctrine began to teach that Jesus died in 30 AD the Passover after his baptism. This ignored the list of holidays in the gospels. It is based on equating Jesus with 30-year Osiris (the 30-day moon and 30-year Saturn). Accepting that Jesus died at the age of 33 should have restored a 33 AD death, but instead his 3 years encouraged the 27 AD doctrine for his baptism.

Regarding Jesus baptized in 27 AD

When the 30 years of Jesus from birth to baptism become regarded as 4 BC to 27 AD, this results in an alternative 70 weeks of Daniel. Ussher places Artaxerxes year 7 and 20 as 468 BC and 455 BC. But today's current acceptance is 457 BC and 444 BC. Instead of counting 69 weeks (483 years) from Nehemiah's populating and wall in 455 BC (Ussher's Artaxerxes year 20) to 29 AD, these churches count 483 years from Ezra's populating and wall as 457 BC (the currently accepted 7th year of Artaxerxes) counting to 27 AD. When people are taught that a prophecy counts to 27 AD, they do not give up the years assigned to it for Artaxerxes and for Christ.

The earliest events

• 4004 BC (circa) The World recreated by God (according to James Ussher)
• 2150-1650 BC (circa) Middle Bronze Age Patriarchs: Abraham, Isaac and Jacob
• 1750-1450 BC (circa) Bronze Age Israelites in Egypt
• 1450 BC (circa) Exodus from Egypt and travel to Canaan by Moses

Antarctica Oceania Africa Asia Europe North America South America Middle East Caribbean Central Asia East Asia North Asia South Asia Southeast Asia SW. Asia Australasia Melanesia Micronesia Polynesia Central America Latin America Northern America Americas C. Africa E. Africa N. Africa Southern Africa W. Africa C. Europe E. Europe N... This article discusses the term God in the context of monotheism and henotheism. ... Archbishop James Ussher (1581-1656) James Ussher (sometimes spelled Usher) (4 January 1581–21 March 1656) was Anglican Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland between 1625–1656 and a prolific religious scholar who most famously published a chronology which calculated the date of Creation as 4004 BC. // Ussher... An angel prevents the sacrifice of Isaac. ... An angel prevents Abraham from sacrificing Isaac Tedla in this illumation gangster from a 14th century Icelandic manuscript. ... Jacob Wrestling with the Angel – Gustave Doré, 1855 Jacob or Yaakov, (Hebrew: יַעֲקֹב, Standard  Tiberian ; Arabic: يعقوب, ; holds the heel), also known as Israel (Hebrew: יִשְׂרָאֵל, Standard  Tiberian ; Arabic: اسرائيل, ; Struggled with God), is the third Biblical patriarch. ... For other uses, see Canaan (disambiguation). ...

Iron age to Babylonian exile

• 1400-1020 BC Period of the Judges
• 1020-931 BC reigns of Saul, David, and Solomon
• 962 BC Solomon builds First Temple in Jerusalem
• 926 BC Raid of Pharaoh Shoshenq I ("Shishak")
• 931-722 BC Kingdom divided into Israel in the north and Judah in the south
• 853 BC Ahab is king of Israel according to Assyrian records.
• 841 BC Jehu is king of Israel according to Assyrian records.
• 805-796 BC Jehoash is king of Israel at some point in this period, according to Assyrian records
• 740-738 BC Menahem is King of Israel according to Assyrian records
• 734 BC Ahaz is King of Judah according to Assyrian records
• 732/731 BC King Tiglath-Pileser III of Assyria conquers the Transjordan regions of Israel from King Pekah. Pekah is murdered and succeeded by Hoshea, according to Assyrian records.
• 722 BC Northern kingdom of Israel conquered by Shalmaneser V of Assyria, and King Hoshea is made a prisoner
• 720 BC The final revolt of Samaria, former capital of the northern kingdom, is suppressed by Sargon II of Assyria, who deports the remaining inhabitants.
• 701 BC Sennacherib of Assyria launches a campaign against Hezekiah, King of Judah.
• 677-676 BC Manasseh is King of Judah, according to Assyrian records.
• 640-615 BC Habakkuk prophesies the fall of Jerusalem to Babylon (aka the Chaldeans).
• 628 BC Jeremiah prophesies God's judgment and seeds of hope on the nation of Judah.
• 609 BC King Josiah of Judah is killed in battle with the Egyptian pharaoh Necho II at Megiddo.
• 605 BC Nebuchadnezzar, Crown prince of Babylon, defeats Necho in battle at Carchemish. Daniel the prophet, Hananiah Shadrach, Mishael (Meschach) & Azariah Abednego are exiled to Babylon to serve Nebuchadnezzar's court.
• 604 BC King Jehoiakim of Judah accepts Nebuchadrezzar, now King of Babylon, as his overlord
• 601 BC Jehoiakim revolts against Babylonian domination.
• 598 BC The Babylonians besiege Jerusalem. Death of Jehoiakim, his son Jehoiachin succeeding him as King
• 597 BC Jerusalem is captured by the Babylonians, who exile Jehoiachin and appoint Zedekiah as king in his place.
• 587 BC Zedekiah revolts against Babylonian domination. The Babylonians besiege Jerusalem.
• 586 BC Destruction of the First Temple and southern kingdom of Judah conquered
• Post-586 BC Lamentations is written. According to tradition, by the prophet Jeremiah, although, the writer does not identify himself explicitly.
• 586-539 BC Babylonian exile to liberation by Persian King, Cyrus the Great

Biblical judges are not to be confused with modern legal judges. ... Saul (שאול המלך) (or Shaul) (Hebrew: שָׁאוּל, Standard Tiberian  ; asked for or borrowed) is a figure identified in the Books of Samuel and Quran as having been the first king of the ancient Kingdom of Israel. ... Image:David and russel by Caravaggio. ... Artists depiction of Solomons court (Ingobertus, c. ... Solomons Temple was the first Jewish temple in Jerusalem which functioned as a religious focal point for worship and the sacrifices known as the korbanot in ancient Judaism. ... nomen or birth name Hedjkheperre Setepenre Shoshenq I (Egyptian Å¡Å¡nq), also known as Sheshonk or Sheshonq I (for discussion of the spelling, see Shoshenq), was a Meshwesh Libyan king of Egypt and founder of the Twenty-second Dynasty. ... Kingdom of Judah (Hebrew מַלְכוּת יְהוּדָה, Standard Hebrew Malḫut YÉ™huda, Tiberian Hebrew Malḵûṯ YÉ™hûḏāh) in the times of the Hebrew Bible, was the nation formed from the territories of the tribes of Judah, Simeon, and Benjamin after the Kingdom of Israel was divided, and was named after Judah... Ahab or Achav (אַחְאָב Brother of the father, Standard Hebrew Aḥʼav, Tiberian Hebrew ʼAḥăʼāḇ, ʼAḫʼāḇ) was King of the province of Samaria in the greater Kingdom of Israel, and the son and successor of Omri (1 Kings 16:29-34). ... An Assyrian winged bull, or lamassu. ... Jehu son of Omri kneeling at the feet of Shalmaneser III on the Black Obelisk. ... Jehoash (Jehovah-given), was the name of two kings mentioned in the Bible: Jehoash of Judah, king of Judah, Jehoash of Israel, king of Israel. ... Menahem (Hebrew מְנַחֵם comforting, Standard Hebrew Mənaḥem, Tiberian Hebrew Mənaḥēm) was king of Israel and the son of Gadi. ... This entry incorporates text from Eastons Bible Dictionary, 1897, with some modernisation. ... Tiglath-Pileser III — stela from the walls of his palace (British Museum, London) Tiglath-Pileser III (Akkadian: TukultÄ«-Apil-EÅ¡arra) was a prominent king of Assyria in the 8th century BC (ruled 745–727 BC) and is widely regarded as the founder of the Neo-Assyrian Empire. ... Categories: People stubs | Kings of ancient Israel ... See also Hosea, who has the same name in Biblical Hebrew. ... Shalmaneser V (Akkadian: Shulmanu-asharid) was King of Assyria from 727 to 722 BC. He first appears as governor of Zimirra in Phoenicia in the reign of his father, Tiglath-Pileser III. At all events, on the death of Tiglath-Pileser, he succeeded to the throne as the 25th king... It has been suggested that Sebastia, Middle East be merged into this article or section. ... Sargon II (right), king of Assyria (r. ... Sennacherib during his Babylonian war, relief from his palace in Nineveh Sennacherib (in Akkadian Śïn-ahhe-eriba (The moon god) Śïn has Replaced (Lost) Brothers for Me) was the son of Sargon II, whom he succeeded on the throne of Assyria (705 BC–681 BC). ... Hezekiah (or Ezekias) (Hebrew: חזקיה or חזקיהו, God has strengthened) was the 13th king of indepedent Judah and the son of King Ahaz and Abijah (2 Chronicles 29:1), who was a daughter of a man (who was not the prophet) named Zechariah. ... This entry incorporates text from the public domain Eastons Bible Dictionary, originally published in 1897. ... Habakkuk or Havakuk (חֲבַקּוּק, Standard Hebrew Ḥavaqquq, Tiberian Hebrew Ḥăḇaqqûq) was a prophet in the Bible Old Testament and Jewish Tanakh. ... The figure of Jeremiah on the Sistine Chapel ceiling, by Michelangelo. ... Josiah or Yoshiyahu (יֹאשִׁיָּהוּ supported of the LORD, Standard Hebrew YoÅ¡iyyáhu, Tiberian Hebrew Yôšiyyāhû) was king of Judah, and son of Amon and Jedidah, the daughter of Adaiah of Bozkath. ... Wahemibre Nomen Necho Horus name Maaib Nebty name Maakheru Golden Horus Merynetjeru Consort(s) Khedebarbenet Died 595 BC Necho II (or more accurately, Nekau II) was a king of the Twenty-sixth dynasty of Egypt (610 - 595 BC), and the son of Psammetichus I. His prenomen or royal name Wahemibre... In the Battle of Megiddo of 609 BCE, the forces of Egypt fought those of the Kingdom of Judah. ... Nebuchadnezzar has several meanings: Nebuchadnezzar (also Nebuchadrezzar), the name of several kings of Babylonia: Nebuchadnezzar I of Babylon Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon, the best known of these kings, who conquered Aram and Israel. ... Combatants Egypt Assyria Babylonia Commanders Necho II Nebuchadrezzar II Strength Casualties {{{notes}}} The Battle of Carchemish was fought between the Egyptian army and the Babylonian army. ... This article is about the Biblical figure called Daniel. ... The word Shadrach can refer to several things: A Hebrew boy in The Bible, also known as Hananiah, who, with his brothers Meshach and Abednego, defied Nebuchadnezzar. ... Image:ThreeFaithfulMen. ... King Jehoiakim (he whom God has set up, Hebrew language: יהוֹיָקִים) is a biblical character, whose original name was Eliakim. ... Jeconiah (also known as Jehoiachin, Joachin, and Coniah) was king of Judah. ... Tzidkiyahu (Hebrew: , Åžidhqiyyāhû; Greek: ζεδεκιας, Zedekias; traditional English: Zedekiah; Arabic: صدقيا, Åžidqiyyā) was the last king of Judah. ... Solomons Temple was the first Jewish temple in Jerusalem which functioned as a religious focal point for worship and the sacrifices known as the korbanot in ancient Judaism. ... The Book of Lamentations is a book of the Bible Old Testament and Jewish Tanakh. ... The Babylonian captivity, or Babylonian exile, is the name generally given to the deportation and exile of the Jews of the ancient Kingdom of Judah to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar. ... Cyrus the Great (Old Persian: KÅ«ruÅ¡,[1] modern Persian: کوروش بزرگ, Kurosh-e Bozorg) (c. ...

Second temple period

• 445/444 BC Second Temple completed by Nehemiah under Persian rule
• 332 BC Alexander the Great conquers Israel
• 323 BC Alexander the Great dies in Babylon
• 250 BC-AD 100 Septuagint written in Alexandria over a long period of time.
• 168-165 BC Hasmonean uprising
• 80 BC Roman defeat of the Maccabees
• 65 BC Syria becomes a Roman province
• 63 BC Roman conquest of Judea
• 37-4/3 BC Herod the Great is ruler of Judea, appointed by Rome

A stone (2. ... Nehemiah or Nechemya (נְחֶמְיָה Comforted of/is the LORD (YHWH), Standard Hebrew Nəḥemya, Tiberian Hebrew Nəḥemyāh, ) is a major figure in the post-exile history of the Jews as recorded in the Bible, and is believed to be the primary author of the Book of Nehemiah. ... Alexander the Great (Greek: ,[1] Megas Alexandros; July 356 BC–June 11, 323 BC), also known as Alexander III, king of Macedon (336–323 BC), was one of the most successful military commanders in history. ... Alexander the Great (Greek: ,[1] Megas Alexandros; July 356 BC–June 11, 323 BC), also known as Alexander III, king of Macedon (336–323 BC), was one of the most successful military commanders in history. ... The Septuagint: A column of uncial text from 1 Esdras in the Codex Vaticanus, the basis of Sir Lancelot Charles Lee Brentons Greek edition and English translation. ... Nickname: Alexandria on the map of Egypt Map of Alexandria Coordinates: , Country Egypt Founded 334 BC Government  - Governor Adel Labib Population (2001)  - City 3,500,000 Time zone EET (UTC+2)  - Summer (DST) EEST (UTC+3) Twin Cities  - Baltimore  United States  - Cleveland  United States  - ConstanÅ£a  Romania  - Durban  South Africa... The Hasmoneans (Hebrew: , Hashmonaiym, Audio) were the ruling dynasty of the Hasmonean Kingdom (140 BCE–37 BCE),[1] an autonomous Jewish state in ancient Israel. ... Wojciech Stattlers Machabeusze (Maccabees), 1844 The Maccabees (Hebrew: מכבים or מקבים, Makabim) were Jewish rebels who fought against the rule of Antiochus IV Epiphanes of the Hellenistic Seleucid dynasty, who was succeeded by his infant son Antiochus V Eupator. ... Hordes (Hebrew: , ; Greek: , ; trad. ...

New Testament period

• ~7 BC - 3CE Birth of Jesus.
• ~29-33 AD Death and alleged resurrection of Jesus

This article is about Jesus of Nazareth. ...

Common Era

• 45-100 New Testament written Bible Chronology
• 66-73 Revolt against Rome
• 70 Destruction of the Second Temple by Titus
• 132-135 Bar Kokhba revolt
• 200 Mishnah compiled
• 300 (circa) Codex Vaticanus written
• 425 (circa) Jerusalem Talmud edited
• 550 (circa) Babylonian Talmud edited

A stone (2. ... For other uses, see Titus (disambiguation). ... Simon bar Kokhba (Hebrew: שמעון בר כוכבא, also transliterated as Bar Kokhva or Bar Kochba) was the Jewish leader who led what is known as Bar Kokhbas revolt against the Roman Empire in 132 CE, establishing an independent Jewish state of Israel which he ruled for three years as Nasi (prince, or... The Mishnah (Hebrew משנה, repetition) is a major source of rabbinic Judaisms religious texts. ... Page from Codex Vaticanus Graece 1209, B/03 The Codex Vaticanus (The Vatican, Bibl. ... The Jerusalem Talmud (In Hebrew Talmud Yerushalmi, in short known as the Yerushalmi), also known as the Palestinian Talmud, like its Babylonian counterpart (see Babylonian Talmud), is a collection of Rabbinic discussions elaborating on the Mishnah. ... The first page of the Vilna Edition of the Babylonian Talmud, Tractate Berachot, folio 2a. ...

Detailed Chronology from the Text

Adam to Exodus

• Adam Genesis 5:1-2
• +130 years, Seth born, Genesis 5:3, Adam was 130 years old when Seth was born
• +105 years, Enos born, Genesis 5:6, Seth was 105 years old when Enos was born
• +90 years, Cainan born, Genesis 5:9, Enos was 90 years old when Cainan was born
• +70 years, Mahalaleel born, Genesis 5:12, Cainan was 70 years old when Mahalaleel was born
• +65 years, Jared born, Genesis 5:15, Mahalaleel was 65 years old when Jared was born
• +162 years, Enoch born, Genesis 5:18, Jared was 162 years old when Enoch was born
• +65 years, Methuselah born, Genesis 5:21, Enoch was 65 years old when Methuselah was born
• +187 years, Lamech born, Genesis 5:25, Methuselah was 187 years old when Lamech was born
• +182 years, Noah born, Genesis 5:28-29, Lamech was 182 years old when Noah was born
• +600 years, The Flood, Genesis 7:6,11, Noah was 600 years old when the flood of waters was on the earth

It was the 600^th year of Noahs life, 2^nd month, 17^th day.

• +2 years, Arphaxad born, Genesis 11:10, Shem begat Arphaxad two years after the flood

The Bible is imprecise when dating the birth of Shem. Genesis 5:32 lumps all three sons of Noah together as being born when he was 500 years old. The flood however is dated very precisely to the day of Noahs life. Therefor, we date the birth of Arphaxad in relation to the flood, not to his father's age. Based on this logic, Shem would have actually been 110 years old when Arphaxad was born.

• +35 years, Shelah born, Genesis 11:12, Arphaxad was 35 years old when Salah was born
• +30 years, Eber born, Genesis 11:14, Salah was 30 years old when Eber was born
• +34 years, Peleg born, Genesis 11:16, Eber was 34 years old when Peleg was born
• +30 years, Reu born, Genesis 11:18, Peleg was 30 years old when Reu was born
• +32 years, Serug born, Genesis 11:20, Reu was 32 years old when Serug was born
• +30 years, Nahor born, Genesis 11:22, Serug was 30 years old when Nahor was born
• +29 years, Terah born, Genesis 11:24, Nahor was 29 years old when Terah was born
• +70 years, Abram born, Genesis 11:26, Terah was 70 years old when Abram, Nahor and Haran were born

Abram was the most important child, so the expectation that the dating given by the Bible applies to Abraham is assumed.

• +100 years, Isaac born, Genesis 21:5, Abraham was 100 years old when Isaac was born
• +60 years, Jacob and Esau born, Genesis 25:26, Isaac was threescore years old when the twins were born
• +130 years, Jacob comes to Egypt, Genesis 47:9, Jacob was 130 years old when he spoke to Pharaoh
• +430 years, The Exodus, Exodus 12:40-41, The children of Israel were in Egypt for 430 years

It is assumed that this count began when Jacob comes to Egypt. Although many read this back to the time of Abraham, including Paul in Galatians.

Michelangelos The Creation of Adam, a fresco on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, shows God creating Adam, with Eve in His arm. ... Seth (Hebrew: שֵׁת, Standard Å et, Tiberian ; Arabic: شيث Shith or Shiyth; Placed; appointed), in the Book of Genesis of the Hebrew Bible, is the third listed son of Adam and Eve and brother of Cain and Abel and is the only other son mentioned by name. ... Enos or Enosh, (אֱנוֹשׁ mortal man; sick, Standard Hebrew EnoÅ¡, Tiberian Hebrew ʼĔnôš) is A name in the genealogies of Adam, and consequently referred to within the genealogies of Chronicles, and of Jesus in the Gospel of Luke The Enoshut (Hebrew for humanity), named after the Enos in the Biblical genealogies... Enoch (חֲנוֹךְ) is a name occurring twice in the generations of Adam. ... Methuselah or Metushélach (Hebrew: מְתוּשֶׁלַח / מְתוּשָׁלַח, Standard  / Tiberian  /  ; Man of the dart, or alternatively when he dies, it shall be sent) is the oldest person whose age is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible. ... Noahs Ark, Französischer Meister (The French Master), Magyar Szépművészeti Múzeum, Budapest. ... A painting by the American Edward Hicks (1780–1849), showing the animals boarding Noahs Ark two by two. ... Terah or Térach (תֶּרַח / תָּרַח Wanderer; loiterer, Standard Modern Hebrew Téraḥ / Táraḥ, Tiberian Hebrew Téraḥ / Tāraḥ) The person Terah was the father of Abraham mentioned in the Hebrew Bible. ... Abram is a village in the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan, Greater Manchester, England. ... An angel prevents Abraham from sacrificing Isaac Tedla in this illumation gangster from a 14th century Icelandic manuscript. ... Jacob Wrestling with the Angel – Gustave Doré, 1855 Jacob or Yaakov, (Hebrew: יַעֲקֹב, Standard  Tiberian ; Arabic: يعقوب, ; holds the heel), also known as Israel (Hebrew: יִשְׂרָאֵל, Standard  Tiberian ; Arabic: اسرائيل, ; Struggled with God), is the third Biblical patriarch. ... Esau (Hebrew ‎, Standard Hebrew Esav, Tiberian Hebrew Ēśāw) is the oldest son of Isaac and Rebekah and the twin brother of Jacob in the biblical Book of Genesis. ... ḍ:The article Exodus discusses the events related in the book of the Bible and Torah by the same name. ...

See also

• Chronology of the Ancient Orient
• Chronology of Babylonia and Assyria

The Chronology of the Ancient Orient deals with the notoriously difficult task of assigning years of the Common Era to various events, rulers and dynasties of the 3rd and 2nd millennia BC. The chronology of this region is based on five sets of primary materials. ... See Chronology of Babylonia and Assyria/1911 fpr the partly obsolete article of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica. ...

References

• Handbook of Biblical Chronology by Jack Finegan (Revised edition, 1998), ISBN 1-56563-143-9.
• "Biblical Chronology". Catholic Encyclopedia. (1913). New York: Robert Appleton Company.