Churubusco is a neighbourhood of Mexico City. Under the current territorial division of the Mexican Federal District, it is a part of the borough (delegación) of Coyoacán. It is centred around the former Franciscan monastery (ex convento de Churubusco) at 19° 21′ 20″ N 99° 8′ 55″ W (http://kvaleberg.com/extensions/mapsources/index.php?params=19_21_20_N_99_8_55_W_). Mexico City (Spanish: Ciudad de México) is the federal capital of and largest city in Mexico. ... The United Mexican States or Mexico (Spanish: Estados Unidos Mexicanos or México; regarding the use of the variant spelling Méjico, see section The name below) is a country located in North America, bordered to the north by the United States of America, to the southeast by Guatemala and Belize, to... Other Mexican States Capital Mexico City Area 1,479 km² Ranked 32nd Population (2000 census) 8,591,300 Ranked 2nd Head of Govt (2000-06) Andrés Manuel López Obrador (PRD) Federal Deputies (30) PRD = 27 PAN = 3 Federal Senators PAN = 1 PVEM = 1 PRD = 1 ISO 3166-2... Plaza Hidalgo Coyoacán (Place of the coyotes in Nahuatl) is one of the 16 delegaciones (boroughs) into which Mexicos Federal District is divided. ... Franciscans is the common name used to designate a variety of mendicant religious orders of men or women tracing their origin to Francis of Assisi and following the Rule of St. ... Buddhist monastery near Tibet A monastery is the habitation of monks. ...

The name "Churubusco" is the interpretation the Spanish conquistadors gave to the original Nahuatl name Huitzilopochco – meaning "place (or temple) of Huitzilopochtli". Earlier attested forms that the adapted name took include Huycholopuzco, Ocholopusco, Ochoroposco, Uchilubusco, and Chulibusco. The Kingdom of Spain or Spain (Spanish and Galician: Reino de España or España; Catalan: Regne dEspanya; Basque: Espainiako Erresuma) is a country located in the southwest of Europe. ... Conquistador (meaning Conqueror in the Spanish language) is the term used to refer to the soldiers, explorers, and adventurers who brought much of the Americas under Spanish rule between the 15th and 17th centuries. ... Nahuatl is a native language of central Mexico. ... In Aztec mythology, Huitzilopchtli, also spelled Uitzilopochtli (hummingbird of the south or he of the south or hummingbird on the left), was a god of war and a sun god and the patron of the city of Tenochtitlán. ...

History

11th century

The first settlers are believed to have arrived in the area, possibly fleeing the fall of the Toltec Empire. The Toltecs (or Toltec or Tolteca) were a Pre-Columbian Native American people who dominated much of central Mexico between the 10th and 12th century AD. Their language, Nahuatl, was also spoken by the Aztecs. ...

15th century

Huitzilopochco existed as an independent lordship within Mexico-Tenochtitlan. Its first ruler was Huitzilatzin, a grandson of Huitzilíhuitl, the second Hueyi Tlatoani (the Aztec "emperor"). Its population numbered some 15,000, dedicated to the cultivation of fruit and flowers and the extraction of salt from the neighbouring Lake Texcoco. Plan of Tenochtitlan (Dr Atl) Mexico City statue commemorating the foundation of Tenochtitlan Tenochtitlan (tA-noch-tEt-län) was the capital of the Aztec empire, which was built on an island in Lake Texcoco in what is now central Mexico. ... Lake Texcoco is a lake in Mexico. ...

A temple (teocalli) dedicated to the worship of Huitzilopochtli stood at a location known as Teopanzolco. Within the Aztec Empire, this teocalli ranked second only to the one at the Templo Mayor in Mexico-Tenochtitlan (some 10 km to the north). Huitzilopochco was famous for the hummingbird feathers (sacred to Huitzilopochtli) that it sent in tribute to the capital. The word temple has different meanings in the fields of architecture, religion, geography, anatomy, and education. ... In Aztec mythology, Huitzilopchtli, also spelled Uitzilopochtli (hummingbird of the south or he of the south or hummingbird on the left), was a god of war and a sun god and the patron of the city of Tenochtitlán. ... The Aztecs were a Mesoamerican people of central Mexico in the 14th, 15th and 16th century. ... For the Australian jangle pop band, see The Hummingbirds. ...

16th century

In 1503, Ahuitzotl, the eighth Tlatoani, connected a nearby spring to the Mexico-Tenochtitlan water supply. This is believed to have been the direct cause of the great flood of that year that devastated the city and claimed hundreds of lives – including that of Ahuitzotl. Events January 20 - Seville in Castile is awarded exclusive right to trade with the New World. ...

During Hernán Cortés's siege of Mexico-Tenochtitlan in 1521, Huitzilopochco was razed to the ground. Some years later, Franciscan friars founded a small convent in the Teopanzolco district, using stones from the destroyed teocalli of Huitzilopochtli. The convent was dedicated to Mary, Queen of Angels. The Franciscans appear to have abandoned it shortly after; the church was transferred to the care of the regular clergy and, in 1580, responsibility for the convent was handed to a second group of Franciscan friars (discalced dieguinos). They rebuilt the monastery and added a novitiate and a school.-1... Events January 3 - Pope Leo X excommunicates Martin Luther. ... Franciscans is the common name used to designate a variety of mendicant religious orders of men or women tracing their origin to Francis of Assisi and following the Rule of St. ... Gabriel delivering the Annunciation to Mary. ... Events March 1 - Michel de Montaigne signs the preface to his most significant work, Essays. ...

17th century

In the second half of this century, thanks to the generosity of one Diego del Castillo and his wife, the monastery was completely rebuilt and much expanded. Rededicated in 1678, it now consisted of an oratory, dormitories, schoolrooms, a library, a refectory, upper and lower cloisters, a dispensary and an apothecary, and a Andalusian-style courtyard built around a well. Events August 10 – Peace of Nijmegen ends war between France and Netherlands September 6 - Titus Oates begins to present allegations of the Popish Plot, a Catholic conspiracy to assassinate king Charles II of England October 17 - British politician Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey is found murdered in Greenberry Hill, London About... For other uses, see Andalusia (disambiguation). ...

18th century

A series of enhancements were made to the monastery and its church, including a churrigueresque altar dedicated to Our Lady of Guadalupe in 1766 and the installation of an organ in 1791. In 1797 an independent chapel, dedicated to Saint Anthony of Padua, was erected. Our Lady of Guadalupe (reproduction) San Juan Bautista, Coyoacán, DF Our Lady of Guadalupe is the title given to the Virgin Mary after appearing, according to legend, to Saint Juan Diego Cuauhtlatoatzin, an Aztec convert to Catholicism, in the village of Guadalupe (the present-day Gustavo A. Madero, D... Events January 1 - Great Britain as King Charles III and figurehead for Jacobitism. ... Events January 25 - The British Parliament passes the Constitutional Act of 1791, splitting the old province of Quebec into Upper and Lower Canada March 3 - The U.S. Congress passes a resolution calling for the establishment of the United States Mint (U.S. Mint not created until next year). ... 1797 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Anthony of Padua Saint Anthony of Padua, also venerated as Anthony of Lisbon, particularly in Portugal (1195 - June 13, 1231) is a Catholic saint born in Lisbon as Fernando de Bulhões, to a wealthy family. ...

19th century

Battle of Churubusco. On 20 August 1847, during the U.S. invasion of Mexico, a bloody and decisive battle was fought in Churubusco – specifically, in the vicinity of the monastery. August 20 is the 232nd day of the year (233rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events January January 4 - Samuel Colt sells his first revolver pistol to the United States government. ... The Mexican-American War was a war fought between the United States and Mexico between 1846 and 1848. ...

In 1857, President Ignacio Comonfort had a monument commemorating the heroic defence of the monastery built in front of its main gates. The remains of Francisco Peñúñuri and Luis Martínez de Castro, two army officers who led their men to perish in a desperate bayonet charge after running out of ammunition during the battle, were interred inside. 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Seal of the Office of the President of Mexico The President of Mexico is the head of state of Mexico. ... Ignacio Comonfort (1812 - 1863 ) was a Mexican politician and military officer. ...

In 1869, during the Reform period under President Benito Juárez, the monastery was taken over by the state. It was converted into a military hospital specialising in contagious diseases. 1869 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Seal of the Office of the President of Mexico The President of Mexico is the head of state of Mexico. ... Benito Juárez Benito Juárez (March 21, 1806 – July 18, 1872) was a Zapotec Indian who served two terms (1861-1863 and 1867-1872) as President of Mexico. ...

20th century

In 1917, the National University's Inspectorate of Artistic and Historic Monuments managed to convince the authorities that the former monastery would fare better as a museum: as a hospital, it had been more than a little neglected and was in danger of collapse. The museum was opened to the public in 1921. 1917 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The National Autonomous University of Mexico (Spanish: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; abbreviation: UNAM) was founded in 1551, and is now the largest university in Latin America and it is considered the best University of this region based on the Beijing University and the London Times suplemments. ...

With the rapid expansion of Mexico City during the mid-20th century, Churubusco ceased to be a separate village and was swallowed up by the urban sprawl of the capital. The motion picture production facility of Estudios Churubusco – the nerve centre of the Golden Age of Mexican Cinema – opened in the district in 1945. The history of Mexican cinema goes back to the beginning of the 20th century, when several enthusiasts of the new medium documented historical events – most particularly the Mexican Revolution – and produced some movies that have been only recently been rediscovered. ... 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Present day

The former monastery of Churubusco now houses the state-run "Interventions Museum" (Museo de las Intervenciones), documenting the different assaults on its territorial integrity that Mexico has suffered since declaring its independence in 1810: 1829 (Spain), 1838 (France), 1846 (USA), 1862 (France), and 1916 (USA). It stands in a residential neighbourhood just outside the southernmost loop of the inner ring-road, in the middle of a pleasant, wooded plaza. The Mexican War of Independence, which lasted from 1810 to 1821, was Mexicos struggle for independence against Spanish colonial rule. ... 1810 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Events January 8 - Hanging of body-selling murderer William Burke - his associate William Hare, who testified against him, is released January 19 - Johann Wolfgang von Goethes Faust premieres March 4 - Andrew Jackson succeeds John Quincy Adams as the President of the United States of America. ... 1838 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1846 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Events January-March January 10 - End of term for John Gately Downey, 7th Governor of California. ... 1916 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar) Events January-February January 1 -The first successful blood transfusion using blood that had been stored and cooled. ...

Metro General Anaya (named for Pedro María Anaya) is located in the vicinity. Other nearby street names commemorating the area's history include "Calle Héroes del 47", "Calle 20 de Agosto", and "Calle Mártires Irlandeses".

External links

• Templo y ex convento de Churubusco (http://www.inah.gob.mx/mohi/my-html/400139.html) – National Anthropology and History Institute (INAH); Spanish.
• Former Churubusco convent, a place with a long history (http://www.highbeam.com/library/doc0.asp?docid=1P1:44961812&dtype=0~0&dinst=&author=Feike%20Tycho%20de%20Jong&title=Former%20Churubusco%20convent%2C%20a%20place%20with%20a%20long%20history%2C%20THE%20NEWS&date=06/01/2001&refid=ency_botnm) – The News