Physical representation of first (O₁) and second (O₂) overtones. F is the fundamental frequency.

Overtone singing, also known as overtone chanting, harmonic singing, (terms created by David Hykes which have now become generic), is a type of singing in which the singer manipulates the harmonic resonances (or formants) created as air travels from the lungs, past the vocal folds, and out the lips. David Hykes (1953 - ) is a musician, composer, author, experimental filmmaker and meditation teacher, and a principal pioneer in the modern harmonic, healing sounds and contemplative chant movements. ... In acoustics and telecommunication, the harmonic of a wave is a component frequency of the signal that is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency. ... // In physics, resonance is the tendency of a system to oscillate with high amplitude when excited by energy at a certain frequency. ... Spectrogram of American English vowels [i, u, É‘] showing the formants f1 and f2 A formant is a peak in an acoustic frequency spectrum which results from the resonant frequencies of any acoustical system. ... // Bold textItalic text The vocal folds, also known popularly as vocal cords, are composed of twin infoldings of mucous membrane stretched horizontally across the larynx. ...

Throat singing usually refers to several traditional Central Asian styles of overtone singing, but is also applied to traditional techniques from other regions. It is usually differentiated from overtone singing by the application of a harsh voice or some constriction in the larynx. Pressed voice, also called ventricular or harsh voice, is the production of speech sounds (typically vowels) with secondary epiglottal articulation. ... Voicebox redirects here. ...

Acoustics and theory

The overtones are clearly heard when the partials of a sound wave produced by the human voice are selectively amplified by changing the shape of the resonant cavities of the mouth, larynx and pharynx. The result of this resonant tuning allows the singer to create more than one pitch at the same time. Generally the sounds created by throat singing are low droning hums and high pitched flutelike melodies. The sound of certain styles of overtone singing may remind one of a Theremin. Look up Mouth in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Voicebox redirects here. ... The pharynx (plural: pharynges) is the part of the neck and throat situated immediately posterior to the mouth and nasal cavity, and cranial to the esophagus, larynx, and trachea. ... Léon Theremin playing an early theremin The theremin or thereminvox (originally pronounced but often anglicized as [1]) is one of the earliest fully electronic musical instruments. ...

Rollin Rachele is the first to author a comprehensive study guide which covers the mechanics and the theory behind overtone singing. 'The Overtone Singing Study Guide' was first published in Dutch 1989 and then in English in 1996. The book continues to be the seminal piece of work for all who are interested in understanding and developing their technical skills.

Traditional styles

Tuva

The best-known of the traditional forms comes from Tuva, a small autonomous republic within the Russian Federation. The history of throat singing, or khoomei (also spelled xoomei), reaches too far back for anyone alive to accurately discern. Ethnomusicologists studying throat singing in these areas mark khoomei as an integral part in the ancient pastoral animism that is still practiced today. The Tuva Republic (Russian: ; Tuvan: Тыва Республика) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). ... Animism is a belief system that does not accept the separation of body and soul, of spirit from matter. ...

The animistic world view of this region identifies the spirituality of objects in nature, not just in their shape or location, but in their sound as well. Thus, human mimicry of nature's sounds is seen as the root of throat singing. (A beautiful example is the Mongolian story of the waterfall above the Buyan Gol (Deer River), where mysterious harmonic sounds are said to have attracted deer to bask in the waters, and where it is said harmonic sounds were first revealed to people.) Indeed, the cultures in this part of Asia have developed many instruments and techniques to mimic the sounds of animals, wind, and water. While the cultures of this region share throat singing, their styles vary in breadth of development.

In one of the main styles of khoomei, melodies are created by isolating the 6th, 8th, 9th, 10th and 12th (although more are possible) partial in the harmonic series (Sol, Do, Re, Mi and Sol in Solfege). The performer's mouth should remain in a constant "ur" position, except to achieve the lower Sol, when it is necessary to round the lips in an "O". The remaining notes are formed by incrementally shifting from an internal "ur" vowel for Do to an "E" for the high Sol. The teeth are lightly clenched and the tongue is slightly bowled. The base pitch is typically around a G below Middle C. This is basic Sygyt. An overtone is a sinusoidal component of a waveform, of greater frequency than its fundamental frequency. ... Pitched musical instruments are usually based on a harmonic oscillator such as a string or a column of air. ... Solfege table in an Irish classroom In music and sight singing solfege or solmization is a way of assigning syllables to degrees or steps of the diatonic scale. ... In Western music, the expression middle C refers to the note C or Do located exactly between the two staves of the grand staff, quoted as C4 in note-octave notation (also known as scientific pitch notation). ...

The people of Tuva have a wide range of throat singing vocalizations, and were the pioneers of six pitch harmonics. [1] The three basic styles are called khoomei, kargyraa, and sygyt. Additional recognized styles include borbangnadyr, chylandyk, dumchuktaar, ezengileer, and kanzip. Some consider these additional styles to be variations or modifications of the three principal styles.

Sygyt

meaning "whistling", a technique that utilizes a mid-range fundamental and produces a high-pitched, rather piercing harmonic reminiscent of whistling. The technique is different from khoomei as the fundamental is completely attenuated, and has a higher pitch. The tone sounds very bright and clear. Also described as an imitation of the gentle breezes of summer, the songs of birds.

Kargyraa

a deep, "undertone" technique. The vestibular folds or false vocal folds are vibrated to produce an "undertone" exactly half the frequency of the fundamental produced by the vocal folds, and the mouth cavity is shaped to select harmonics of both the fundamental and the "undertone," producing from four to six pitches simultaneously. There are two main kargyraa styles, dag kargyraa and khovu kargyraa. The dag or "mountain" kargyraa is the lower of the two. There are also the distinctive kargyraa styles of Vladimir Oidupaa and Albert Kuvezin, the latter also bearing the name kanzat. This style can also be described as the howling winds of winter or the plaintive cries of a mother camel after losing her calf.

Khoomei

(Tuvan language: Хөөмей, Mongolian: Хөөмий, Simplified Chinese:呼麦, Traditional Chinese:呼麥) While khoomei is used as a generic term to designate all throat singing techniques in this region, it is also more specifically a technique where the drone is in the middle-range of the voice, with harmonics between one and two octaves above. Singing in this style gives the impression of wind swirling among rocks.

Chylandyk

merely a mixture of Sygyt and Kargyraa. Both styles are sung at once, creating an unusual sound of low undertones mixed with the high Sygyt whistle. It has also been described as the "chirping of crickets."

Dumchuktaar

could be best described as Throat Humming. The singer creates a sound similar to Sygyt using only the nasal passage. The word means to sing through the nose (dumchuk). The mouth does not need to be closed, but of course it demonstrates the point better.

Ezengileer

is a pulsating style, mimicking the rhythms of horseback riding. It is named after the word for stirrup in Tyvan, ezengi.

In acoustics and telecommunication, the harmonic of a wave is a component frequency of the signal that is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency. ... // Bold textItalic text The vocal folds, also known popularly as vocal cords, are composed of twin infoldings of mucous membrane stretched horizontally across the larynx. ... // Bold textItalic text The vocal folds, also known popularly as vocal cords, are composed of twin infoldings of mucous membrane stretched horizontally across the larynx. ... In acoustics and telecommunication, the harmonic of a wave is a component frequency of the signal that is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency. ... Albert Kuvezin is a Tuvan guitarist and singer. ... Tuvan (Tuvan: Тыва дыл Tyva dyl), also known as Tuvinian, Tyvan, or Tuvin, is one of the Turkic languages. ... Simplified Chinese characters (Simplified Chinese: 简体字; Traditional Chinese: 簡體字; pinyin: jiǎntǐzì; also called 简化字/簡化字, jiǎnhuàzì) are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Traditional Chinese characters are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Tuvan (Tuvan: Тыва дыл Tyva dyl), also known as Tuvinian, Tyvan, or Tuvin, is one of the Turkic languages. ...

Mongolia

Throat singing is found mostly in Western Mongolia. In Mongolia, khoomii can be divided up into the following categories.

• uruulyn / labial khoomii
• tagnain / palatal khoomii
• khamryn / nasal khoomii
• bagalzuuryn, khooloin / glottal, throat khoomii
• tseejiin khondiin, khevliin / chest cavity, stomach khoomii
• turlegt or khosmoljin khoomii / khoomii combined with long song

Mongolians also sing in a style known as karkhiraa.

Altai

In the Altai Republic, throat singing, which they call kai, is used mostly in Epic poetry performance, to the accompaniment of topshur. Altay kai-chi perform in kargyraa, khöömei, sygyt styles, which are similar to Tuvan. They also have their own style, a very high harmonics, emerging from kargyraa. Variations of kai are called karkyra, sybysky, homei, and sygyt. The Altai Republic (Russian: ; Altay: Алтай Республика) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). ... The epic is a broadly defined genre of poetry, and one of the major forms of narrative literature. ... Topshur is a northern turki (tuvans, altai, khakas) two-stringed musical instrument, a domra-kind. ... Kai-chi (altai) - narrator, the man who sings kai. ...

• Welcome to Sarymai's webpage

Khakassia

Just north of Tyva in the region of Khakassia there exist native styles of throat singing known as khai. Khakassia or Khakasiya (Russian: or ) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic) located in south central Siberia. ...

Tibet

Tibetan Buddhist chanting is a sub-genre of throat singing. Most often the chants hold to the lower pitches capable in throat singing. Various ceremonies and prayers call for throat singing in Tibetan Buddhism, often with more than one monk chanting at a time. Studies measuring the frequencies of the throat singing and the brain waves of the monks have shown synchronicity in the brain, causing it to emit similar waves to those found in studies of silent meditation.^{[citation needed]} Tibet (older spelling Thibet; Tibetan: བོད་; Wylie: Bod; Lhasa dialect IPA: [; Simplified and Traditional Chinese: 西藏, Hanyu Pinyin: XÄ«zàng; also referred to as 藏区 (Simplified Chinese), 藏區 (Traditional Chinese), ZàngqÅ« (Hanyu Pinyin), having the two names different connotations; see Name section below) is a plateau region in Central Asia and the... Buddhist chant is chant used in or inspired by Buddhism, including many genres in many cultures: Repetition of the name of Amitabha in Pure Land Buddhism. ... Tibetan Buddhism is the body of religious Buddhist doctrine and institutions characteristic of Tibet, the Himalayan region (including northern Nepal, Bhutan, and Sikkim), Mongolia, Buryatia, Tuva and Kalmykia (Russia), and northeastern China (Manchuria: Heilongjiang, Jilin). ...

Bashkortostan

The Bashkorts have a style of overtone singing, uedhlaew (sometimes spelled uzlyau; Bashkort: үзләү), which nearly died out. In addition, Bashkorts also sing uzlyau while playing the quray, a national instrument. This technique of vocalizing into a flute can also be found in folk music as far West as the Balkans and Hungary. The Republic of Bashkortostan, or Bashkiria (Russian: or ; Bashkir: ) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). ... The Bashkir language is a Turkic language, a member of the Kyphchak group of languages. ...

Uzbekistan, Karakalpakstan, Kazakhstan

The oration of these people's poetry sometimes enters the realm of throat singing.

Canada

The resurgence of a once-dying Inuit throat singing tradition is underway in Canada. The Nunatsiaq News, a newspaper of the Nunavik region of Arctic Quebec since 1973, reports on throat singing among the Inuit. ...

South Africa

Xhosa women of South Africa have a style of chanting that falls in the category of throat singing. The Xhosa people are a group of peoples of Bantu origins living in south-east South Africa. ...

Italy

People in the Barbagia region on the island of Sardinia use a style of polyphonic throat singing. This kind of song is called "Cantu a tenores", and it is practiced by groups of four male singers each of which has a distinct role; the boche (pronounced /boke/, means "voice") is the lead, while the mesu boche ("half voice"), contra ("against") and bassu ("bass"), listed in descending pitch order, provide the accompainment. Boche and mesu boche emit regular voice, while contra and bassu are the throat voices. The boche sings a poetic text, while the accompainment consists in nonsense syllables (for example bim-bam-bo). The execution differs in details in each of the villages in which this kind of music is practiced, in such a way that the singing of different villages can be immediately recognized. Some of the most known groups who practice this are Tenores di Bitti, Tenores di Oniferi and Tenores di Neoneli. Sardinia (pronounced ; Italian: Sardegna; Sardinian: Sardigna or Sardinna) is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily). ...

Lappland

The Sami people have a singing genre called yoik that is often compared with throat-singing. While overtone techniques are not a defining feature of yoik, individuals sometimes utilize overtones in the production of yoik. The Sami people (also Sámi, Saami, Lapps and Laplanders) are the indigenous people of Sápmi, which encompasses parts of northern Sweden, Norway, Finland and the Kola Peninsula of Russia. ... Yoik, Joik or juoiggus is a traditional Sami form of song. ...

Global styles

America and Europe – The 1920s Texan singer of cowboy songs, Arthur Miles, independently created a style of overtone singing as a substitute for the normal yodeling of country western music. Starting in the 1970s, some musicians in the West either have collaborated with traditional throatsingers or ventured into the realm of throatsinging and overtone singing, or both. Some made original musical contributions and helped this art rediscover its transcultural universality. As harmonics are universal to all physical sounds, the notion of authenticity is best understood in terms of musical quality. Musicians of note in this genre include David Hykes (who created the term "harmonic singing" in 1975), Karlheinz Stockhausen, Jim Cole, Ry Cooder, Paul Pena (mixing the traditional Tuvan style with that of American Blues), Demetrio Stratos,, and Steve Sklar. Lester Bowie and Ornette Coleman worked with the Tenores di Bitti, and Eleanor Hovda has written a piece using the Xhosa style of singing. DJs and performers of electronic music have also merged their music with throatsinging, overtone singing, or with the theory of harmonics behind it. In Ireland Anúna have revived a technique of overtone chanting mentioned in the 8th century manuscript Cath Almaine, the technique uses one held drone with a shifting three or four note overtone series. Motto: (Out Of Many, One) (traditional) In God We Trust (1956 to date) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington D.C. Largest city New York City None at federal level (English de facto) Government Federal constitutional republic  - President George Walker Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence from... World map exhibiting the location of Europe. ... The 1920s was a decade sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age or the Roaring Twenties, usually applied to America. ... Official language(s) None See: Languages of Texas Capital Austin Largest city Houston Area  Ranked 2nd  - Total 268,581 sq mi (695,622 km²)  - Width 773 miles (1,244 km)  - Length 790 miles (1,270 km)  - % water 2. ... Yodeling (or yodelling, jodeling) is a form of singing that involves singing an extended note which rapidly and repeatedly changes in pitch from the vocal chest register (or chest voice) to the head register (or head voice), making a high-low-high-low sound. ... This article includes a list of works cited but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, inclusive. ... David Hykes (1953 - ) is a musician, composer, author, experimental filmmaker and meditation teacher, and a principal pioneer in the modern harmonic, healing sounds and contemplative chant movements. ... Karlheinz Stockhausen (born August 22, 1928) is a German composer, and one of the most important and controversial composers of the 20th century. ... Ryland Ry Peter Cooder (born on March 15, 1947) is an American guitarist, singer and composer, known for his slide guitar work, his interest in the American roots music and, more recently, for his collaborations with traditional musicians from many countries. ... Paul Pena on the cover of his album New Train Paul Pena (born January 26, 1950 in Hyannis, Massachusetts, died October 1, 2005, in San Francisco) is a multi-genre singer, pianist, and guitarist, performing Mississippi Delta blues, jazz, flamenco, folk, rock and roll and Tuvan throat-singing. ... Steve Sklar is one of the leading performers and teachers of khoomei, or Tuvan Throat-Singing, in the west. ... Lester Bowie (11 October 1941–8 November 1999) was a jazz trumpet player and composer. ... Ornette Coleman (born March 19, 1930) is an American saxophonist and composer. ... Eleanor Hovda is a composer from the United States of America. ... The Xhosa people are a group of peoples of Bantu origins living in south-east South Africa. ... For other meanings of DJ, see DJ (disambiguation). ... Electronic music is a term for music created using electronic devices. ... Anúna is an Irish choral group that came to world prominence through its involvement with the Riverdance phenomenon in the mid 1990s. ...

Rajasthan - Ethnomusicologist John Levy recorded a Rajasthani singer utilizing overtones in imitation of either a Jew's harp or a double-flute. There is no tradition of this style of singing there.

Current artists

Folk artists

• Alash from Tuva
• Altai KhairKhan from Mongolia
• Ay-Kherel from Tuva
• Chirgilchin from Tuva:
• Tanya Tagaq Gillis from Nunavut
• Hosoo from Mongolia
• Huun-Huur-Tu from Tuva
• Kaigal-ool Khovalyg from Tuva
• Igor Koshkendey from Tuva
• Antoly Kuular from Tuva
• Sainkho Namtchylak from Tuva
• Kongar-ool Ondar from Tuva featured on Genghis Blues
• Mongun-ool Ondar from Tuva
• Sabjilar from Khakassia
• Tyva Kyzy from Tuva
• Eugeniy Ulugbashev from Khakassia
• Sarymai Urchimaev from Altay
• Yat-Kha & Albert Kuvezin from Tuva

The ensemble Alash is a throat singing group from Tuva that performs traditional Tuvan music with some non-traditional influences. ... Chirgilchin, meaning dance of the air in the heat of the day or mirage in Tyvan, is a group of Tuvan musicians performing traditional Tuvan music. ... Tanya Tagaq Gillis is an Inuit throat singer from Cambridge Bay, Nunavut. ... Huun-Huur-Tu is a Tuvan throat singing group from Tuva, the region between Russia and Mongolia. ... Sainkho Namtchylak is a singer originally from Tuva, a small autonomous Russian republic just north of Mongolia. ... Kongar-ool Ondar Kongar-ool Ondar is a master Tuvan throatsinger and a member of the Tuvan Parliament. ... Genghis Blues (1999) is a documentary film about the people of Tuva and features singer/guitarist Paul Pena and Tuvan throatsinger Kongar-ol Ondar. ... In 1998 some of the most gifted women musicians of Tuva joined under the direction of Choduraa Tumat to form Tyva Kyzy (Тыва Кызы, ) Daughter of Tuva - the first all-female folk ensemble performing Tuvan throat-singing. ... Yat-Kha is a rock band from Tuva, led by vocalist/guitarist Albert Kuvezin. ... Albert Kuvezin is a Tuvan guitarist and singer. ...

Others

• Former Van Halen singer David Lee Roth sometimes uses a multi-pitched wail similar to throat singing.
• Jazz trombonist Roswell Rudd features a traditional mongolian ensemble with a throat sing on his album Blue Mongol.
• Jazz singer and trombonist Ray Anderson.
• Jazz vocalist Bobby McFerrin.
• Arrington de Dionyso of Old Time Relijun.
• Jim Gillette of Nitro.
• Composer John Hollenbeck uses the throat singing of vocalist Theo Bleckmann in his composition The Music of Life.
• David Hykes featured with his score for incarnate Tibetan lama Dzongsar Khyentese's film "Travellers and Magicians," the scores to "The Yatra Trilogy" by John Bush, and film trailer music for "The New World" by Terrence Malick and "X Men: The Last Stand."
• Paul Pena from San Fransisco featured on Genghis Blues,
• Marxy experiments with overtone singing on his album Kysoshu Nostalgia.
• Little Jimmy Urine of Mindless Self Indulgence,
• Australian Folk performer, Juzzie Smith
• Engineer and singer John Hammink has originally used both Sygyt and Kargyraa for testing Skype audio quality, particularly as it relates to telephony hardware.
• Enver Izmailov throatsings on his album With My Best Wishes.

Van Halen is an American hard rock band. ... David Lee Roth (sometimes referred to as Diamond Dave) (born October 10, 1954 Bloomington, Indiana) is an American rock vocalist, songwriter, actor, paramedic, author, and former radio personality, best known for his work with the band Van Halen. ... Roswell Rudd (born Roswell Hopkins Rudd, Jr. ... Ray Anderson (born 1952) is an independent jazz trombone player. ... Bobby McFerrin Bobby McFerrin (born New York City, March 11, 1950) is a jazz-influenced a cappella vocal performer and conductor. ... Old Time Relijun is a band based in Portland, Oregon and longtime member of K Records. ... Jim Gillette was the singer of the Extreme Glam Matal band called Nitro and previously Tuff, in the 80s. ... Nitro may refer to: Nitroglycerin, an extremely explosive chemical compound Nitrous, a type of fuel additive for race cars Nitromethane, another type of fuel additive for race cars Glyceryl trinitrate (pharmacology), a medical compound used for the treatment of angina pectoris Nitrogen, especially when used in draught beer Nitrocellulose, an... John Hollenbeck is a jazz drummer and composer from New York City, USA. He also has interests in klezmer, classical music, and other musical forms. ... David Hykes (1953 - ) is a musician, composer, author, experimental filmmaker and meditation teacher, and a principal pioneer in the modern harmonic, healing sounds and contemplative chant movements. ... Paul Pena on the cover of his album New Train Paul Pena (born January 26, 1950 in Hyannis, Massachusetts, died October 1, 2005, in San Francisco) is a multi-genre singer, pianist, and guitarist, performing Mississippi Delta blues, jazz, flamenco, folk, rock and roll and Tuvan throat-singing. ... Genghis Blues (1999) is a documentary film about the people of Tuva and features singer/guitarist Paul Pena and Tuvan throatsinger Kongar-ol Ondar. ... Marxy is the recording name of W. David Marx - an American, currently living in Tokyo. ... Jimmy Urine on tour in 2005. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... John Hammink (b. ... Skype (IPA pronunciation: , rhymes with type) is a proprietary peer-to-peer Internet telephony network founded by the entrepreneurs Niklas Zennström and Janus Friis, also founders of the file sharing application Kazaa. ... In telecommunication, Telephony encompasses the general use of equipment to provide voice communication over distances. ... Enver Izmailov is a prominent Ukrainian folk-jazz musician. ...

References in popular culture

• Tuvan throat singer Kongar-ol Ondar appears on the Bela Fleck and the Flecktones album Outbound, and also on their Live at the Quick DVD and CD.
• Throat singers have also performed on a recording by Frank Zappa.
• Performed by Billy West (voice of Fry) and John DiMaggio (voice of Bender) on Futurama in the episode "Where the Buggalo Roam". The DVD commentary has much more, and also features Matt Groening (creator of Futurama and The Simpsons) talking about his first experience with Tuvan throat singing which led to him introducing Frank Zappa to it!
• They appear on Ry Cooder's soundtrack to the film Geronimo: An American Legend (1993).
• Tuvan throat singing appears on the KLF album Chill Out (sampled from a BBC album entitled 'Disappearing World').
• It is also featured in the Shpongle single 'Divine Moments of Truth'.
• Samples of throat singing (possibly by Huun-Huur-Tu) appear on the album 'Desengano' by Samus.
• Björk has collaborated extensively with the Canadian throatsinger Tanya Tagaq Gillis on her albums Medúlla and Drawing Restraint 9, the soundtrack to the film of the same name. Tanya has also toured with the Icelandic musician.
• "Past Life Melodies" for SATB chorus by Australian composer Sarah Hopkins (b. 1958) also calls for this technique. In Water Passion after St. Matthew by Tan Dun, the soprano and bass soloists sing in a variety of techniques including overtone singing of the Mongolian style.
• Tibetan chant is heard on Beastie Boys album "Ill Communication".
• Sygyt-style throat singing can be clearly heard in parts of the soundtrack of the movie One Eight Seven
• In American sitcom, Frasier, Niles offers his brother tickets to attend a Mongolian throat singing concert.
• On the rock band Tool's 2001 and 2002 tours, pre-recorded Tuvan throat singing was played as an intro track, just before the band came onstage at the beginning of the show.
• Samples of distinctly Tuvan throat singing (possibly by Huun-Huur-Tu) appear throughout a telefilm on Geronimo, titled 'Geronimo: An American Legend.'

Tuvans (or Tuvinians) are a group of Turkic people who make up about three fourths of the population of Tuva. ... Kongar-ol Ondar is a master Tuvan throatsinger and a member of the Tuvan Parliament. ... Béla Fleck and the Flecktones is a primarily instrumental group that draws equally on bluegrass, fusion and jazz band, sometimes dubbed blue_bop. ... Outbound was the eighth album released by Béla Fleck and the Flecktones, released in 2000. ... Live at the Quick was the ninth album released by Béla Fleck and the Flecktones and their second non-studio album. ... Frank Vincent Zappa[1] (December 21, 1940 – December 4, 1993) was an American composer, guitarist, singer, film director, and satirist. ... Billy West Billy West (born William R. West on April 16, 1952 in Detroit, Michigan) is an American voice actor, known for such roles as The Ren and Stimpy Show and Futurama. ... Philip J. Fry Philip J. Fry is the central character of the television series Futurama. ... John William DiMaggio (born September 4, 1968) is an American voice actor, and a native of North Plainfield, New Jersey, known primarily for playing the robot Bender in the 20th Century Fox animated series Futurama. ... Bender, also known as Bender Bending Rodriguez or Bending Unit 22, (born 2998) is a fictional character in the animated television series Futurama. ... Futurama is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening (creator of The Simpsons) and David X. Cohen for the Fox Network. ... Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Where the Buggalo Roam Where the Buggalo Roam is the 10th episode in Season 3 of the animated television series Futurama. ... Matthew Abram Groening (born February 15, 1954 in Portland, Oregon; his family name is pronounced , rhymes with raining) is an Emmy-winning American cartoonist and the creator of the American animated television series The Simpsons [1] and Futurama, as well as the comic strip Life in Hell. ... Simpsons redirects here. ... Frank Vincent Zappa[1] (December 21, 1940 – December 4, 1993) was an American composer, guitarist, singer, film director, and satirist. ... Ryland Ry Peter Cooder (born on March 15, 1947) is an American guitarist, singer and composer, known for his slide guitar work, his interest in the American roots music and, more recently, for his collaborations with traditional musicians from many countries. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... KLF redirects here. ... Chill Out is the title of a seminal 1990 ambient house album by British electronic group The KLF. The album is part ambient music for post-rave chill outs, part concept album - a mythical road trip (or perhaps train journey) up the U.S. Gulf Coast from Texas into Louisiana. ... Shpongle (IPA: ˈʃpÉ’Å‹.glÌ©) is considered to be one of the most important and influential psychedelic downtempo or Psybient music projects of recent years. ... Huun-Huur-Tu is a Tuvan throat singing group from Tuva, the region between Russia and Mongolia. ... Samus may refer to: Samus, the Latin name of the SomeÅŸ River of Romania and Hungary Samus Aran, the heroine of the Metroid video game series Samsu-Iluna, the seventh king of Babylon This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ... Björk Guðmundsdóttir ( ) (born November 21, 1965 in Reykjavík, Iceland) is a Brit Award-winning Icelandic singer/songwriter and composer (formerly the lead singer of alternative rock band The Sugarcubes). ... Tanya Tagaq Gillis is an Inuit throat singer from Cambridge Bay, Nunavut. ... Medúlla is an album by Icelandic singer/songwriter/musician Björk, which was released on 30 August 2004 (see 2004 in music). ... Drawing Restraint 9 is an art film by American artist Matthew Barney, dealing with the relationship between creativity and self-imposed resistance. ... Tan Dunn (pinyin: Tán Dùn, 譚盾; born August 18, 1957) is a Chinese composer, most widely known as the Grammy and Oscar award winning composer for the soundtracks of the movies Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and Hero. ... The Beastie Boys are a hip hop group from the New York City boroughs of Brooklyn and Manhattan. ... One Eight Seven is a 1997 drama/thriller starring Samuel L. Jackson and John Heard. ... Frasier is a popular American situation comedy television series starring Kelsey Grammer as Dr. Frasier Crane, and featuring David Hyde Pierce, John Mahoney, Jane Leeves, and Peri Gilpin in regular roles. ... Tool is an American progressive rock band, formed in 1990 in Los Angeles, California, when drummer Danny Carey joined the rehearsal of his neighbor, singer Maynard James Keenan, guitarist Adam Jones and bassist Paul dAmour, when nobody else would show up. ... Huun-Huur-Tu is a Tuvan throat singing group from Tuva, the region between Russia and Mongolia. ... A television movie (also TV movie, TV-movie, made-for-TV movie, etc. ... Geronimo Geronimo (Chiricahua Goyaałé One Who Yawns; often spelled Goyathlay in English) (June 16, 1829–February 17, 1909) was a prominent Native American leader of the Chiricahua Apache who warred against the encroachment of the United States on his tribal lands and people for over 25 years. ...

Books

• Mark van Tongeren: Overtone Singing. Fusica, Amsterdam 2002, ISBN 90-807163-2-4, ISBN 90-807163-1-6.
• Theodore Levin, Valentina Süzükei: Where Rivers and Mountains Sing. Indiana University Press, Bloomington 2006, ISBN 0-253-34715-7.
• Wolfgang Saus: Oberton Singen. Traumzeit-Verlag, Schönau im Odenwald 2004, ISBN 3-933825-36-9 (german).

See also

• Joik, a singing technique of the The Sami people of Scandinavia
• Jew's harp
• Inuit throat singing
• David Hykes
• Genghis Blues, a documentary about an American musician Paul Pena's trip to Tuva to compete in a throat singing contest.
• Alexander Lauterwasser - photographer of imagery of water surfaces set into motion by sound sources ranging from pure sine waves to music by Ludwig van Beethoven, Karlheinz Stockhausen and even overtone singing.
• Singing bowl
• Blue Mongol

Yoik, Joik or juoiggus is a traditional Sami form of song. ... The Sami people (also Sámi, Saami, Lapps and Laplanders) are the indigenous people of Sápmi, which encompasses parts of northern Sweden, Norway, Finland and the Kola Peninsula of Russia. ... It has been suggested that Morsing be merged into this article or section. ... The Nunatsiaq News, a newspaper of the Nunavik region of Arctic Quebec since 1973, reports on throat singing among the Inuit. ... David Hykes (1953 - ) is a musician, composer, author, experimental filmmaker and meditation teacher, and a principal pioneer in the modern harmonic, healing sounds and contemplative chant movements. ... Genghis Blues (1999) is a documentary film about the people of Tuva and features singer/guitarist Paul Pena and Tuvan throatsinger Kongar-ol Ondar. ... Paul Pena on the cover of his album New Train Paul Pena (born January 26, 1950 in Hyannis, Massachusetts, died October 1, 2005, in San Francisco) is a multi-genre singer, pianist, and guitarist, performing Mississippi Delta blues, jazz, flamenco, folk, rock and roll and Tuvan throat-singing. ... The Tuva Republic (Russian: ; Tuvan: Тыва Республика) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... In trigonometry, an ideal sine wave is a waveform whose graph is identical to the generalized sine function y = Asin[ω(x − α)] + C, where A is the amplitude, ω is the angular frequency (2π/P where P is the wavelength), α is the phase shift, and C... 1820 portrait by Joseph Karl Stieler Beethoven redirects here. ... Karlheinz Stockhausen (born August 22, 1928) is a German composer, and one of the most important and controversial composers of the 20th century. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

External links

Artist websites

• David Hykes Harmonic Chant overtone choir
• Spectral Voices overtone music of Jim Cole & Spectral Voices
• Chirgilchin Innovative Tuvan traditional music group
• Sarymai Altai khaichi
• Ulugbashev
• Sabjilar Khakass traditional group
• Pure Nature Music Producer of Siberian folk music groups
• Huun Huur Tu Well-known Tuvan traditional music group
• Tyva Kyzy All-female Tuvan traditional music group that performs all styles of throat-singing. (photos, music samples)
• Alash Tuvan throat singing and traditional music with some non-traditional influences
• Tenores di Bitti "Remunnu 'e Locu" Sardinian "a tenore singing", in Italian and English (photos and music samples)

Articles

• John Cho - Meistersingers of the Steppe
• Genghis Blues - The story of Paul Pena
• UbuWeb Ethnopoetics: Tuvan Throat Singing
• UbuWeb Ethnopoetics: Canada Inuit Games and Songs
• Inuit Throatsinging
• Deep In the Heart of Tuva
• "Khoomei" International Scientific Centre
• The Art of Tuva Throat Singing, On Point Radio, aired January 13, 2006
• Throat Singing article at TyvaWiki

Acoustic researchers

• Ken-Ichi Sakakibara
• Leonardo Fuks

Acoustics

• Harmonic singing vs. normal singing
• Acoustics of harmonic singing
• Scientific American: The Throat Singers of Tuva
• Observation of the laryngeal movements for throat singing -- Vibration of two pairs of folds in human larynx
• How to Sing Three Notes at the Same Time

Lessons and resources

• David Hykes Harmonic Presence workshops and retreats in many countries.
• Fusica - Throat-singing CD, books and background information by ethnomusicologist Mark van Tongeren.
• Jan Stanek Overtone choir seminars and workshops in Czech and German.
• Pure Nature Music - offers the California Throat Singing Camp, a 7-day intensive program that examines many aspects of throat singing performance, and other workshops.
• khoomei.com Steve Sklar's online Tuvan throatsinging (khoomei) lessons, including a forum.
• EarthChant Tutorials and workshops in Boston, Massachusetts
• Friends of Tuva's How To's and Why's
• Brian Grover's Crash Course in Khoomei Downloadable Audio Tutorial
• Tuva Trader Throat-singing instructional CD's, books and music.
• Audio samples of throat-singing
• Khoomei - Dr. TRAN QUANG HAIs Method of Learning Overtone Singing Khoomei in five easy steps