Cibotium
Cibotium menziesii
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Pteridophyta Class: Pteridopsida Order: Cyatheales Family: Dicksoniaceae Genus: Cibotium Kaulfuss, 1824
Species
See text. This article explains how to read a taxobox. ... For other uses, see Scientific classification (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Plant (disambiguation). ... Classes Marattiopsida Osmundopsida Gleicheniopsida Pteridopsida A fern, or pteridophyte, is any one of a group of some twenty thousand species of plants classified in the Division Pteridophyta, formerly known as Filicophyta. ... Subclasses Subclass: Cyatheatae Subclass: Schizaeatae Subclass: Pteriditae Subclass: Polypoditae The Pteridopsida is a class of plants in the Division Pteridophyta that includes the modern ferns. ... Familes and Genera Cyatheaceae     Alsophila     Cnemidaria     Cyathea     Sphaeropteris     Trichipteris Dicksoniaceae     Calochleana     Cibotium     Culcita     Cystodium     Dicksonia     Thyrsopteris Losophoriaceae     Lophosoria Loxomaceae     Loxoma     Loxsomopsis Metaxyaceae     Metaxya The order Cyatheales is a taxonomic division of the fern (Division Pteridophyta) subclass, Cyatheatae, which includes the Tree ferns. ... Genera Calochlaena Cibotium Culcita Cystodium Dicksonia Thysopteris The Dicksoniaceae are a family of tropical, subtropical and warm temperate ferns. ... In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biodiversity. ...

Cibotium is a genus of eleven species of tropical tree fern—subject to much confusion and revision—distributed fairly narrowly in Hawaii (four species, plus a hybrid), Southeast Asia (five species), and the cloud forests of Central America and Mexico (two species). Some of the species currently listed in the literature seem to be synonyms or local-variant sub-species. Cibotium glaucum, from Hawaii, is the most frequently encountered Cibotium species in the horticultural trade, together with its sibling species Cibotium chamissoi and the potentially huge Cibotium menziesii. The remaining Hawaiian Cibotium, C. nealiae, is a one-metre dwarf variety, restricted to the island of Kaua‘i, and never seen in the horticultural trade. Precise identification of the Cibotiums is difficult, although all have shiny and rather waxy fronds when viewed from above, with varying degrees of powdery-pale blush when seen from underneath. The dripping forests and stream gulleys of the cloud forests on Hawaii's volcanic slopes are the natural habitat of Cibotium. Tree Fern refers to any fern that grows with a trunk elevating the fronds above ground level. ... Official language(s) English, Hawaiian Capital Honolulu Largest city Honolulu Area  Ranked 43rd  - Total 10,931 sq mi (29,311 km²)  - Width n/a miles (n/a km)  - Length 1,522 miles (2,450 km)  - % water 41. ... Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... Map of Central America Central America is the central geographic region of the Americas. ... The Latin words hortus (garden plant) and cultura (culture) together form horticulture, classically defined as the culture or growing of garden plants. ... Kaua‘i (usually called Kauai outside the Hawaiian Islands, pronounced kawa-ee) is the oldest and fourth largest of the main Hawaiian Islands, having an area of 1,430. ... A fern with simple (lobed or pinnatifid) blades, the dissection of each blade not quite reaching to the rachis. ... At the edge of the Panamanian side of the Parque Internacional la Amistad Temperate cloud forest on La Palma, Canary Islands The cloud forest of Monteverde, Costa Rica Cloud forest on Mount Lushan in southeastern China One of the hanging bridges of the Sky walk in Santa Elena, Costa Rica... This article is about volcanoes in geology. ...

Pressure on Hawaiian Cibotium habitats comes from development encroaching on the forested areas, especially the more accessible lower lying areas which are commercially attractive for land clearance. A less obvious threat comes from an invasive introduced tree fern species: Cyathea cooperi (the most popular garden tree fern in the United States), which has escaped from the islands' suburban gardens and now out-competes the endemic flora. Wind-blown spores from this rapidly growing Australian import can migrate many miles into pristine Cibotium forests. This is a fairly recent phenomenon, but one which may eventually have grave consequences for the tree fern ecosystem in Hawaii. Lantana Invasion of abandoned citrus plantation; Moshav Sdey Hemed, Israel; May 2, 2006 The term invasive species refers to a subset of those species defined as introduced species or non-indigenous species. ... Binomial name Cyathea cooperi Australian Tree Fern (Cyathea cooperi), also known as the Lacy Tree Fern, is a medium-to-large, fast growing tree fern native to Australia. ...

The other Cibotiums that often surface in botanical collections are Cibotium schiedei and Cibotium regale (Mexico), plus Cibotium barometz (Asia). The latter species is best known for its role in ancient medicine, and even today its hairs are a staple ingredient in ointments used in natural Chinese remedies. The medieval world was beguiled by stories that claimed Cibotium barometz, the "Scythian lamb", was half-sheep and half vegetable. World map showing the location of Asia. ... Medicine is a branch of health science and the sector of public life concerned with maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, treatment and possible prevention of disease and injury. ... Traditional Chinese medicine shop in Tsim Sha Tsui, Hong Kong. ...

There are no publicly accessible Cibotium collections growing outdoors in the United Kingdom - although they are sometimes glimpsed in Californian garden designs - but there are two outstanding glasshouse collections at the Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, and at RBG Edinburgh in Scotland. Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ... Edinburgh (pronounced ; Scottish Gaelic: ) is the capital of Scotland and its second-largest city. ... Motto: (Latin for No one provokes me with impunity)1 Anthem: Multiple unofficial anthems Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow Official language(s) English, Gaelic, Scots 2 Government Constitutional monarchy  - Queen Queen Elizabeth II  - Prime Minister of the UK Tony Blair MP  - First Minister Jack McConnell MSP Unification    - by Kenneth I...

Species

• Cibotium arachnoideum
• Cibotium assamicum
• Cibotium barometz - Scythian Lamb
• Cibotium chamissoi - Hawaiian tree fern, hāpu‘u
• Cibotium cumingii
• Cibotium glaucum - Hawaiian tree fern, hāpu`u pulu
• Cibotium menziesii - Hawaiian tree fern, hāpu`u `i`i
• Cibotium nealiae - Hawaiian tree fern, hāpu‘u
• Cibotium regale - Royal cibotium
• Cibotium schiedei - Mexican tree fern
• Cibotium sumatranum