The Finnish cinema has a long history, with first public screenings starting almost as early as modern motion picture technology was invented (the first screening in the world was in 1895, in Finland in 1896). It took over a decade before the first Finnish film was produced and screened in 1907. After these first steps of Finnish cinema, the progress was very slow. After 1907 there are periods, 1909-1911 and 1917-1918, when no Finnish films were produced. This was partly caused by the political situation, as Finland held a status as an autonomic part of Russia and was thus influenced by the worldwide political situation. In 1917 Finland became an independent country and in 1918 there was a civil war. After the political situation had settled and stabilized, the Finnish society and its cultural life began to develop. This was very clear with cinematic arts. More films were produced and they became an important part of Finnish society. The culmination of this development came soon after the silent era, around 1940-50's, when three major studios were producing films and competing for the market. When the society changed in the 1960's, partly because of political trends and partly because of new forms of leisure, like television, the appeal of films vanished, practically all studios were closed and films became political and too artistic for masses, as commercial production was deemed as a thing from the past and distateful. Few filmmakers were opposed to this development, and kept producing popular films that were bashed by the critics but loved by the people. A new found interest for the Finnish films came in the 1990's, which was partly influenced by the new generation of filmmakers bringing in new ideas, and partly because commercial success was no longer considered to be "non-artistic", thus the commercial film projects started to receive support from the governmental funds. In the 2000's the Finnish cinema is alive and well, some films and filmmakers gaining global success and many films receiving a good response from the audience and the critics. Today, around 15-20 Finnish full-length feature films are produced every year, and the Finnish cinema is gaining new forms from the global influence, such as action and wuxia. European cinema is the cinema of Europe. ... The Cinema of Albania had its start in the years 1911-1912. ... Cinema of Armenia was born on April 16, 1923, when the Armenian State Committee on Cinema was established by the government decree. ... Austria has had an active cinema industry since the early 20th century. ... The film industry in Azerbaijan dates back to 1898. ... The Cinema of Belgium can often be considered a blending of Dutch Cinema and French Cinema though with its own unique national qualities. ... A full list of films produced in Bosnia-Herzegovina. ... // Directors Slatan Dudow Rangel Valtchanov Nikola Kovachev Sophia Peer Vulo Radev Dimitar Petkov- Opashkata Na Diavola aka Devils Tail Nikola Korabov Ivan Andonov Ludmil Staikov Metodi Andonov Zornitsa-Sophia Vladimir Yanchev Nikolai Volev Actors and actresses See also List of Bulgarian actors Stoyan Bachvarov Rusi Chanev Georgi Cherkelov Stefan... The cinema of Croatia has suffered in recent years, with quality films being few and far between in comparison to other countries. ... // List of Cypriot films Michael Cacoyannis Nicolas Economou Derviş Zaim World cinema Cyprus International Film Festival Culture of Cyprus Culture of Greece List of Greek actors Film Cinema of Greece List of Cypriot films History of Cyprus Peter Polycarpou Derviş Zaim Michael Cacoyannis Nicolas Economou Categories: | ... The Czech Republic (both as an independent country and as a part of former Czechoslovakia) was a seedbed for many acclaimed film directors. ... Danish cinema pioneer Peter Elfelt, a photographer, was the first Dane to make a film. ... Cinema in Estonia started in 1908 with the production of a newsreel about Swedish King Gustav IV’s visit to Tallinn. ... Norwegian Anneke von der Lippe as the Faroese Barbara in the 1997 Danish motion picture The Faroe Islands do not have a long history of cinema. ... Les Enfants du Paradis (Marcel Carne), one of the greatest French films ever made La regle du jeu (Jean Renoir), another candidate for the best French film LAtalante (Jean Vigo) La belle et la bête (Jean Cocteau) Diary of a Country Priest (Robert Bresson) Vivre sa Vie (Jean... The Cinema in Georgia is one of the best known and recognized cinematography of the world. ... Cinema in Germany can be traced back to the very beginnings of the medium at the end of the 19th Century and German cinema has made major technical and artistic contributions to film. ... // In the spring of 1897, the Greeks of Athens had the opportunity and privilege to watch the first cinematic attempts (short movies in journal). The projection of an animated movie resulted in excited reactions and the new-seen spectacle became a usual matter of discussion. ... Hungary has had a notable cinema industry for some time. ... Iceland has had a notable cinema industry for some time. ... The Irish film industry has grown somewhat in recent years thanks partly to the promotion of the sector by Bord Scannán na hÉireann (The Irish Film Board) and the introduction of heavy tax breaks. ... The history of Italian cinema began just a few months after the Lumière brothers had discovered the medium, when Pope Leo XIII was filmed for a few seconds in the act of blessing the camera. ... . ... Cinema of Lithuania came into existence in the late 1980s with the documentary films by director Arūnas Matelis, and was allowed to develop once Lithuania became independent on September 6, 1991. ... The Luxembourg film industry is quite small, but this is unsurprising given that the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg has a population of only about 400,000 people. ... Montenegro has been the site of many domestic films. ... The Dutch film industry has long been renowned for its documentaries. ... Norway has had a notable cinema industry for some time. ... // Directors Józef Arkusz Stanisław Bareja Aleksander Ford Wojciech Has Agnieszka Holland Jerzy Hoffman Jerzy Kawalerowicz Krzysztof Kieślowski -- The Three Colors trilogy, The Decalogue Jan Jakub Kolski Kazimierz Kutz Juliusz Machulski Andrzej Munk Marek Piwowski Roman Polański Ladislas Starevich Wladyslaw Starewicz Andrzej Wajda Krzysztof Zanussi Andrzej Zulawski... Portuguese cinema has a long tradition, reaching back to the birth of the medium in the late 19th century. ... The Cinema of Romania came into being as an affective reality. ... The Russian Empire (1896-1917) The first films seen in Russia were via the Lumiere Brothers, in Moscow and St. ... The first films seen in the Russian Empire were via the Lumière brothers, in Moscow and St. ... Serbia (both as an independent country and as part a part of former Yugoslavia) has been home to many internationally acclaimed films and directors. ... // Vlado Bahna Stanislav Barabáš Paľo Bielik Eduard Grečner Dušan Hanák Elo Havetta Juraj Herz Martin Hollý Juraj Jakubisko Ján Kadár Otakar Krivánek Viktor Kubal Leopold Lahola Andrej Lettrich Miroslav Luther Juraj Nvota Stanislav Párnický Peter Solan Martin Šulík Štefan Semjan Štefan... . ... Soviet Cinema should not be used as a synonym for Russian Cinema. Although Russian language films predominated, several of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union contributed films reflecting elements of their pre-Soviet culture, language and history, although sometimes censored by the Central Government. ... The art of motion-picture making within the nation of Spain or by Spanish filmmakers abroad is collectively known as Spanish Cinema. ... Swedish cinema is one of the most widely-known national cinemas in the world, and certainly the most prominent of Scandinavia. ... Cinema of Switzerland // List of Swiss films Charles-Georges Duvanel Kurt Früh Jean-Luc Godard Claude Goretta Leopold Lindtberg Franz Schnyder Casimir Sivan Alain Tanner Anne-Marie Blanc Zarli Carigiet Heinrich Gretler Max Haufler Emil Hegetschweiler World cinema Swiss Films Swiss Film Directory Categories: | | ... The first film showing in Turkey was held in the Yildiz Palace, Istanbul in 1896. ... Michael Caine in Get Carter (1971). ... Cinema in Ukraine One of the largest film production studios in Ukraine is the Olexandr Dovzhenko Film Studios, located in Kiev, Ukraine. ... The historical country of Yugoslavia had a notable cinema industry of its own. ... The Grand Duchy of Finland was a state that existed 1809–1917 as part of the Russian Empire. ... This article is about the definition of the specific type of war. ... Look up Action film in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Wǔxiá (traditional Chinese: ; simplified Chinese: , Mandarin IPA: , Cantonese Pinyin: mou5 hap6), literally meaning martial (arts) heroes, is a distinct quasi-fantasy sub-genre of the martial arts genre in literature, television and cinema. ...

History

1896–1920: Before Independence

The Lumière company screened the first moving images at Helsinki in 1896, but it wasn't until 1904 that the first films were actually filmed in Finland. It is unknown who made the first film (called Novelty from Helsinki: School youth at break), but it was shown by American Bioscope in December. The first Finnish film company, Atelier Apollo, was founded in 1906 by engineer K. E. Ståhlberg. It produced mainly documentary shorts, but also the first Finnish feature film, The Moonshiners (1907). From the very beginning, Finnish film production was centered to the country's capital, although for few years starting from 1907 there was a noteworthy company Oy Maat ja Kansat producing short documentaries in Tampere. The Lumière Brothers, Louis Jean (October 5, 1864–June 6, 1948) and Auguste Marie Louis Nicholas (October 19, 1862–April 10, 1954), were the creators of the cinematographic projector. ... Tampere ( , IPA: ; Swedish: Tammerfors ) is a city in southern Finland located between two lakes, Näsijärvi and Pyhäjärvi. ...

The Moonshiners was directed by Teuvo Puro, who was also in charge of directing the first full-length Finnish feature, Sylvi, based on a play by Minna Canth. The film was shot in 1911 with two other full-length literature adaptations, but it didn't premiere until 1913. The filmmakers didn't have enough money to send films to the nearest laboratory in Copenhagen at once, so the material remained undeveloped too long, and two out of three films were ruined. Minna Canth (born Ulrika Wilhelmina Johnsson, March 19, 1844, Tampere - May 20, 1897, Kuopio) was a Finnish writer and social activist. ...

The years following Sylvi saw the formation of the first active feature film company, Hjalmar V. Pohjanheimo's Lyyra-Filmi, which produced both short farces and "art films". There was also an attempt to create larger-scale film production by Erik Estlander, who build a studio with glass walls and roof in Helsinki in 1916. At the end of the same year the Russian officials forbid all filming activity in Finland, so nothing much was made anymore before the country's independence in 1917.

The Finnish film industry of the first two decades of 20th century was never even near of the creativity or the produtiveness of its scandinavic neighbours, Sweden and Denmark - one might even say that it there was barely no industry or production at all. In addition, most of the footage filmed before independence is lost. Of feature films, only thirteen minutes of Sylvi still remains.

1920–1930: The Silent Years

Erkki Karu, founder of Suomi-Filmi and Suomen Filmiteollisuus

Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Erkki Karu (born Erland Erkki Fredrik Kumlander[1]) (April 10, 1887 Helsinki – December 8, 1935 Helsinki) was a Finnish film director, screenwriter and producer, and one of the pioneers of the Finnish cinema. ... The SF logo appeared in the end credits of every film produced by the company. ...

Suomi-Filmi

It wasn't until the 1920's before regular film production started, thanks to a successful company called Suomi-Filmi (founded under the name Suomen Filmikuvaamo in 1919) and its creative leader Erkki Karu. He also directed the most important films of the era and was the prime figure of Finnish cinema before his early death in 1935. His The Village Shoemakers (1923) is the essential silent masterpiece, a freshly told folk comedy after Aleksis Kivi's play with mildly experimental camerawork by German Kurt Jäger. Other notable films by Karu include: The Logroller's Bride (1923), with superb cinematography by Jäger and Oscar Lindelöf, and also the first Finnish film distributed widely abroad; When Father Has Toothache (1923), a short and surrealistic farce; and Our Boys (1929), a patriotisic forerunner of many military farces. Erkki Karu (born Erland Erkki Fredrik Kumlander[1]) (April 10, 1887 Helsinki – December 8, 1935 Helsinki) was a Finnish film director, screenwriter and producer, and one of the pioneers of the Finnish cinema. ... Aleksis Kivi (October 10, 1834 - December 31, 1872), born Alexis Stenvall, was a Finnish author who wrote the first significant novel in the Finnish language, Seven Brothers (Finnish title: Seitsemän veljestä). Aleksis Kivi was born at Nurmijärvi, Finland, in a tailors family. ...

Audiences of the agricultural country were affected by Suomi-Filmi's rural subjects. Dealing with deeply national countryside stories remained as company's policy through the silent era. Occasionally there were some attempts to make more urban, or more "European" films like Karu's Summery Fairytale (1925), but the public stayed away.

Another important director at Suomi-Filmi was Puro, who made the company's first feature Olli's Years of Apprenticeship(1920) and one of the few Finnish horror films, Evil Spells (1927). An interesting oddity of the last two silent years was Carl von Haartman, a soldier and an adventurer, who had worked as a military advisor in Hollywood. Because of this he was considered capable of directing films. His two upper-class spy dramas, The Supreme Victory (1929) and Mirage (1930), were quite passable, but didn't attract the public.

Other companies

Suomi-Filmi dominated heavily the Finnish film production in the twenties: the company produced 23 out of 37 full-length feature films made between 1919 and 1930. Other companies (that appeared occasionally) seemed to vanish from Suomi-Filmi's and Erkki Karu's way after producing one or two films. The most important of these alternative production companies appeared during the latter half of the decade. Erkki Karu (born Erland Erkki Fredrik Kumlander[1]) (April 10, 1887 Helsinki – December 8, 1935 Helsinki) was a Finnish film director, screenwriter and producer, and one of the pioneers of the Finnish cinema. ...

The German cinematographer Jäger left Suomi-Filmi, and formed his own company Komedia-Filmi. It linked with a global film trust (Ufanamet), which at the time had the most of the film distribution of Finland in its possession, thus being a great thread to Suomi-Filmi. Suomi-Filmi defended itself with national values, accusing Komedia-Filmi and Ufanamet for being foreign invaders. Luckily for Suomi-Filmi, both companies proved to be unsuccessful. Komedia-Filmi made only two films, of which the latter one, On the Highway of Life (1927, directed by Jäger and Ragnar Hartwall) is an interesting attempt to make some kind of a modern comedy.

The year 1929 saw the premiere of the first two films produced by a minor company Fennica and directed by Valentin Vaala, who was yet to come one of the greatest directors of the golden years of Finnish cinema. When he started making the first one of these (Dark Eyes) he was only 17-years old, and his leading actor Theodor Tugai (later Teuvo Tulio) 14-years old. This film and its instant remake The Gypsy Charmer were new kind, passionate dramas with clearly oriental influences. Unfortunately only the latter one has remained; the filmmakers destroyed the only negative of Dark Eyes by throwing it to the sea, because they thought the remake was far superior.

There were also enterprises to produce films outside the capital, but at least the films made in Viipuri and Oulu were too primitive to even premiere at Helsinki. No Tears at the Fair (1927) and The Man of Snowbound Forests (1928), two now vanished films produced in Tampere by Aquila-Suomi and directed by Uuno Eskola were better attempts – at least according to the contemporaries. Nothing permanent production was left in Tampere, but one of Aquila's producers, painter Kalle Kaarna, proved to be a gifted director on his own right. His first film With the Blade of a Sword (1928) was boldly advertised as a neutral story about the painful civil war of 1918, and his second film, A Song about the Heroism of Labour (1929) introduced (although quite conventionally) a new kind of proletarian hero to the public. Unfortunately these films have also vanished for good.

1931–1933: The Coming of Sound

The first experiments with sound were done by Lahyn-Filmi, a provincial company operating in Turku. The first full-length sound film with song and talk was Lahyn's Say It in Finnish (1931), directed by company's leader Yrjö Nyberg (later Norta). This lost film was more a collection of musical revue numbers than a feature.

Suomi-Filmi transformed its production from silent to sound films during the same year. The first Finnish film with soundtrack was company's Dressed Like Adam and a Bit Like Eve Too (1931), based on popular play by Agapetus. There was only music and some sound effects on the soundtrack, so company's first true sound film was Karu's talkie The Lumberjack's Bride (1931), another rural drama. Pope Agapetus may refer to: Pope Agapetus I Pope Agapetus II This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

1934–1939: The Golden Age

The studio system

In 1933 Karu was kicked out from Suomi-Filmi, his own company. He took his revenge by founding a new one called Suomen Filmiteollisuus, which started to use initials SF in its logo. This company managed far better than previous attempts to compete with Suomi-Filmi, and right after couple successful comedies directed by Karu it had grown as significant as its rival. It seemed at this point to be possible only for Karu to create successful production companies in Finland. The SF logo appeared in the end credits of every film produced by the company. ...

The competition between the two companies proved to be fruitful. At the end of the decade there were about twenty full-length features made every year. The quality of the productions was high, the field of the subjects expanding and the popularity of domestic films increasing. With its own stars and creative producers, Finnish film industry began to remind a national miniature of Hollywood. Alongside with the two big studios, some minor ones did well also.

Sound had increased the public's eagerness to see domestic films. The great breakthrough for Finnish talkies came with The Foreman of Siltala Farm (1934), a well-recorded comedy by Suomi-Filmi, that was seen by over 900 000 viewers.

Suomi-Filmi

Erkki Karu was instantly replaced with Risto Orko as the head of company, a place he held until the 1990's (although this was long after the company had stopped movie-making). Orko had directed The Foreman of Siltala Farm, and he returned to directing a few times since, most notably with two historical and patriotic dramas at the end of the decade: Soldier's Bride (1938) and Activists (1939). Most of his films as a director remain forgettable. Erkki Karu (born Erland Erkki Fredrik Kumlander[1]) (April 10, 1887 Helsinki – December 8, 1935 Helsinki) was a Finnish film director, screenwriter and producer, and one of the pioneers of the Finnish cinema. ... Risto Eliel William Orko (originally Nylund) (September 15, 1899-September 29, 2001) was a Finnish film producer and director. ... Orko is a fictional character from the popular Masters of the Universe franchise. ...

The most important director at Suomi-Filmi was Valentin Vaala, who had a stunningly creative period at the end of the 30's. After the silent years, Vaala had directed three more films for his first company Fennica. When he started the fourth, the company went broke. Now he moved to Suomi-Filmi, and although his first movie there (Everybody's Love, 1935) was quite a modest comedy, it was very popular, and most importantly, introduced two of the most beloved Finnish stars to the public: Ansa Ikonen and Tauno Palo. Coats of Arms of Vaala For the district of Turku, see Vaala, Turku. ... Tauno Palo (October 25, 1905 - May 24, 1982) was a Finnish actor in what some consider the golden age of Finnish cinema. ...

Vaala's last Fennica-films had been urban comedies, a genre which he greatly developed at his new studio with his next two light-weighted films, Substitute Wife and Substitute Man (both 1936) . Hulda of Juurakko (1937) was far more serious attempt in the same field: a socially conscious story about a country girl who arrives to the big city, and who inevitably faces the problems of inequality between sexes. The film and its subject were greeted with huge enthusiasm by the audiences. Coats of Arms of Vaala For the district of Turku, see Vaala, Turku. ...

Vaala was also a master within the rural subjects and romantic melodramas. In 1938 he made the first and best film in the series of agrarian family saga of Niskavuori (Women of Niskavuori). Coats of Arms of Vaala For the district of Turku, see Vaala, Turku. ...

SF

After his early death in 1935, Karu was replaced by Toivo Särkkä in the head of the company. Särkkä led SF until its bancrupcy in 1965. Särkkä was the most prolific producer and director that Finnish film has ever seen: he has way over 200 feature productions in his filmography, of which he directed 51. With Yrjö Norta, he directed most of the company's films in the 30's, including religious drama As Dream and Shadow... (1937) and patriotic historical film Manifest in February (1939). Särkkä's and Norta's output includes some highly popular folk comedies like Lapatossu (1937) - with beloved comedy actor Aku Korhonen - and The Regiment's Trouble Boy (1938), the model of Finnish military farce genre. Toivo Jalmari Särkkä (November 20, 1890, Mikkeli – February 9, 1975, Helsinki), born Toivo Hjalmar Silén, was a Finnish film producer and director. ...

Other companies

Along with Suomi-Filmi and SF, few minor companies were able to produce many films during the golden age. With Vaala's films, these sort of local "poverty row" productions are the most fascinating films made during the 30's. Coats of Arms of Vaala For the district of Turku, see Vaala, Turku. ...

The New Wave from 1960 to 1980

A new generation of film-makers were eager to take over as the old production companies, such as Suomi-Filmi and SF, were collapsing. Risto Jarva was inspired by the French avant-garde and new wave, which developed to social realism seen in Työmiehen päiväkirja (1967), and eventually to comedies Loma (1976) and Jäniksen vuosi (1977). Mikko Niskanen began his career back in 1962 with Pojat, starring then unknown Vesa-Matti Loiri. Niskanen joined the new wave with Käpy selän alla (1966) and Lapualaismorsian (1967). Rauni Mollberg adapted two of Timo K. Mukka's magically realistic Lapland novels to the big screen: Maa on syntinen laulu (1973) and Milka (1983). Risto Jarva (July 15, 1934 - December 16, 1977) was a Finnish filmmaker. ... A work similar to Marcel Duchamps Fountain Avant garde (written avant-garde) is a French phrase, one of many French phrases used by English speakers. ... A Diego Rivera mural depicting factory workers in Detroit Social Realism is an artistic movement, expressed in the visual and other realist arts, which depicts working class activities as heroic. ... Loma may refer to: Loma, North Dakota Loma, Montana Loma, Colorado This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Vesa-Matti Vesku Loiri (born January 4, 1945, Helsinki) is a Finnish actor, musician and comedian. ... Rauni Mollberg (born April 15, 1929 in Hämeenlinna) is a Finnish film director. ... Timo Kustaa Mukka (1944 - 1973) was a Finnish author who wrote about the lives of people in Lapland. ... National anthem Sámi soga lávlla Languages Sami, Norwegian, Swedish, Finnish, Russian Area ca. ... The Milka Cow A live spray-painted purple cow in front of the Eiffel Tower in Paris to promote Milka chocolate. ...

Kaurismäki Era of the 1980s

The old guard of the previous film-making generation was symbolically thrown from the throne in the beginning of 1980 by a Finnish-Soviet co-production, Tulitikkuja lainaamassa, followed by Tapio Suominen's Täältä tullaan, elämä!. Edvin Laine and Mikko Niskanen made their last movies, and the decade saw nearly 30 directorial debuts, including movies from Mika & Aki Kaurismäki, Markku Lehmuskallio, Taavi Kassila, Janne Kuusi, Matti Kuortti, Matti Ijäs, Olli Soinio, Lauri Törhönen, Claes Olsson, Veikko Aaltonen, and Pekka Parikka. Mika Kaurismäki (born September 21, 1955) is a Finnish film director. ... Aki Olavi Kaurismäki ( ) (born April 4, 1957 in Orimattila, Finland) is a Finnish script writer and film director. ... Veikko Aaltonen (born 1 December 1955 in Sääksmäki, Finland) is a Finnish director, editor, sound editor, production manager and film and television writer and actor. ...

Valehtelija (1981) and Arvottomat (1982), directed by Mika and written by Aki Kaurismäki, broke the status quo in Finnish film industry by bringing back creativity and small scale production. Mika went to pursue a more traditional way of film making in his career with Klaani (1984), Rosso (1985), and Helsinki Napoli All Night Long (1987). Aki has taken less deviations in style and theme, and his films are known for minimalistic non-verbal communication and dead-pan delivery of dialogs. While Aki is best known for the Suomi-trilogy Kauas pilvet karkaavat (1996), Mies vailla menneisyyttä (2002), and Laitakaupungin valot (2006), his work also includes comedy such as Leningrad Cowboys Go America (1989). Rosso is a city and ferry crossing in Mauritania on the Senegal River, located approximately 250 km South of Nouakchott and 300 km West of Kaedi. ... Laitakaupungin valot (Lights of the Outskirts) is a Finnish 2006 film directed and written by Aki Kaurismäki. ... Leningrad Cowboys Go America is a 1989 road movie by Aki Kaurismäki about the adventures of a Russian rock band (the Leningrad Cowboys, played by the Finnish rock band Leningrad Cowboys) that goes to the United States to become famous. ...

From 1990s to Present

The beginning of the 1990s did not look too good to the film industry, because the national economy was on a strong decline. Film financing was not a priority to the government-backed Finnish Film Foundation, which is responsible for the majority of movie financing in Finland. Fortunately the situation would flip completely upside down by 1999, when nearly 30 domestic movies premiered. Poika ja ilves, Häjyt, and Kulkuri ja joutsen enjoyed over 200 000 viewers each, and helped to bring the popularity of domestic movies back to where it was a decade earlier. The Finnish Film Foundation (Finnish: ; Swedish: ), is an independent foundation with the task of supporting and developing Finnish film production, distribution and exhibition. ...

Prolific directors introduced in the 1990s include Markku Pölönen, Auli Mantila, and Jarmo Lampela. A few popular genres can be identified from the last two decades. Rukajärven tie, Pikkusisar, and Hylätyt talot, autiot pihat take place during World War II. Kulkuri ja joutsen (1999), Badding (2000), Rentun ruusu (2001), Sibelius (2003), and Aleksis Kiven elämä (2002) portray the life of popular public figures in Finland. Rukajärven tie, which is also known as Ambush in English, is a war movie directed by Olli Saarela. ...

External links

• The Finnish Film Archive
• The Finnish Film Foundation
• The Finnish Chamber of Films
• Lähikuvassa: Suomalaisen elokuvan lyhyt historia
• Finnish Film Foundation