The Ciutat de les Arts i les Ciències (Valencian), Ciudad de las Artes y las Ciencias (Spanish) or City of Arts & Sciences is an ensemble of five areas in the dry river bed of the now diverted River Turia in Valencia, Spain.
The estimated population of the city of Valencia proper was 796,549 as of 2005 estimates.
The Blessed Virgin was proclaimed patroness of the city under the title of "Virgen de los desamparados" 'Virgin of the abandonees', and Archbishop Pedro de Urbina, on 31 June, 1652, laid the corner-stone of the new chapel of this name.
King James I of Aragon reconquered the city in 1238 and incorporated it to the new formed Kingdom of Valencia, one of the kingdoms forming the Crown of Aragon.
Valencia's planetarium (left) and science museum opened in 2000.
A newly opened 'City of Arts and Sciences' in Valencia, Spain features a planetarium and science museum that both make extensive use of laminated glass to achieve "a challenging and audacious architectural assembly", in the words of architect Santiago Calatrava, also of Valencia.
The planetarium globe, which houses a viewing theatre, is roofed over by an elliptical shell structure of laminated glass and aluminum with longitudinal sections that can open to the sky.
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