City of Rocks National Reserve in Idaho State.

The City of Rocks or, more formally, the Silent City of Rocks is a U.S. National Reserve and state park just two miles north of the Utah border in south central Idaho. It is widely known for its excellent sport climbing. Download high resolution version (1024x768, 82 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (1024x768, 82 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... State park is a term used in the United States and in Mexico for an area of land preserved on account of its natural beauty, historic interest, or other reason, and under the administration of the government of a U.S. state or one of the states of Mexico. ... Official language(s) English Capital Salt Lake City Largest city Salt Lake City Area  Ranked 13th  - Total 84,876 sq. ... Official language(s) None Capital Boise Largest city Boise Area  Ranked 14th  - Total 83,642 sq. ... Sport climbing is a style of rock climbing that relies on permanent anchors fixed to the rock, especially bolts, for protection. ...

The rock formations in the area are granitic batholith. Some of the rock is over 2.5 billion years old. The Twin Sisters is a prominent rock grouping in the reserve. Half Dome A batholith is a large emplacement of igneous intrusive (also called plutonic) rock that forms from cooled magma deep in the Earths crust. ...

The City of Rocks is a popular rock climbing area, with most routes being sport climbs. In the 1980's, it was home to some of the most difficult routes in the USA, mostly developed by Idaho climber Tony Yaniro. The sport climbers in the region refer to the area as simply 'The City'. Sport climbing is a style of rock climbing that relies on permanent anchors fixed to the rock, especially bolts, for protection. ...

The California Trail passed through what is now the City of Rocks. Wagons trains of the 1840s and 1850s left the Raft River valley and travelled through the area and over Granite Pass into Nevada. The names or initials of emigrants written in axle grease are still visible on Register Rock. Ruts from wagon wheels also can be seen in some of the rocks. California Trail The California Trail was a major overland emigrant route across the American West from Missouri to California in the middle 19th century. ... // Events and Trends Technology First use of general anesthesia in an operation, by Crawford Long The first electrical telegraph sent by Samuel Morse on May 24, 1844 from Baltimore to Washington, D.C.. War, peace and politics First signing of the Treaty of Waitangi (Te Tiriti o Waitangi) on February... // Events and Trends Technology Production of steel revolutionised by invention of the Bessemer process Benjamin Silliman fractionates petroleum by distillation for the first time First transatlantic telegraph cable laid First safety elevator installed by Elisha Otis Science Charles Darwin publishes The Origin of Species, putting forward the theory of evolution... The Raft River is a river that flows from Utah to Idaho. ... Official language(s) None Capital Largest city Carson City Las Vegas Area  - Total   - Width   - Length    - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 7th 110,567 sq mi  286,367 km² 322 miles  519 km 490 miles  788 km 0. ... An axle is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. ... Grease is a lubricant of higher initial viscosity than oil, consisting originally of a calcium, sodium or lithium soap jelly emulsified with mineral oil. ...

History

"We encamped at the city of the rocks, a noted place from the granite rocks rising abruptly out of the ground," wrote James Wilkins in 1849. "They are in a romantic valley clustered together, which gives them the appearance of a city." Wilkins was among the first wagon travelers to fix the name City of Rocks to what looked like "a dismantled, rock-built city of the Stone Age." California Trail pioneers were leaving civilization as they knew it in the East for new lives in the West. Some wrote their names in axle grease on rock faces, and their signatures can be seen today. No doubt thirsty on this northern edge of the Great Basin Desert, one emigrant saw the distant rocks in August like "water thrown up into the air from numerous artificial hydrants." Beginning in 1843, City of Rocks was a landmark for emigrants on the California Trail and Salt Lake Alternate Trail and later on freight routes and the Kelton, Utah to Boise, Idaho stage route. Quarrying granite for the Mormon Temple, Utah Territory. ... 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... California Trail The California Trail was a major overland emigrant route across the American West from Missouri to California in the middle 19th century. ... The Great Basin is a large, arid region of the western United States, commonly defined as the contiguous watershed region, roughly between the Rocky Mountains and the Sierra Nevada, that has no natural outlet to the sea. ... 1843 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... California Trail The California Trail was a major overland emigrant route across the American West from Missouri to California in the middle 19th century. ... Flag Seal Nickname: City of Trees Motto: Energy Peril Success Location Coordinates , Government Country State County United States Idaho Ada Founded Incorporated 1863 1864 Mayor David H. Bieter Geographical characteristics Area     City 165. ...

The area's historical and geological values, scenery, and opportunities for recreation led to its designation as City of Rocks National Reserve in 1988. This unit of the National Park System is managed cooperatively by the National Park Service and the Idaho Department of Parks and Recreation. 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The National Park Service (NPS) is the United States federal agency that manages all National Parks, many National Monuments, and other conservation and historical properties with various title designations. ...

Native American History

The Shoshone and Bannock tribes hunted the buffalo that once roamed in the City of Rocks area and gathered the nuts of the pinyon pine trees. The return of horses to the Americas in the 16th century and swelling European immigration disrupted the Shoshone-Bannock homelands and way of life. They grew to resent the intruders but could do little to stop them. Most emigrants on the California Trail saw no Native Americans, but some of their journals record smoke signals rising from high hills and the surrounding mountains. Shoshone around their tipi, probably taken around 1890 Shoshone Indians at Ft. ... The Bannock are a Native American people who traditionally lived in the northern Great Basin in what is now southeastern Oregon and western Idaho. ... Piñon may refer to: Pinyon pine (or Piñon pine) Pinon (or Piñon), Arizona Pinon is also a French surname: Dominique Pinon, French actor Guy Pinon, French actor This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

In 1826, Peter Skene Ogden and his Snake River brigade of beaver trappers were the first non-Native Americans to note the City of Rocks. Having few beaver, the area was ignored until 1843, when growing summer streams of wagons began flowing through the area. The oldest surviving photograph, Nicéphore Niépce, circa 1826 1826 (MDCCCXXVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Species C. canadensis C. fiber Beavers are semi-aquatic rodents native to North America and Europe. ...

The California Trail

The North Fork Trailhead in the City of Rocks National Reserve in Idaho State.

Early emigrant groups were guided by experienced mountain men such as Joseph B. Chiles and Joseph R. Walker. Later wagon parties followed the trails themselves, perhaps with the help of diary accounts of previous emigrants. The City of Rocks marked progress west for the emigrants and, for their loaded wagons, a mountain passage over nearby Granite Pass. By 1846, emigrants headed for Oregon's Willamette Valley also used this route as part of the Applegate Trail. In 1848 the Mormon Battalion opened the trail from Granite Pass via emigrant Canyon to Salt Lake. In 1852, some 52,000 people passed through the City of Rocks on their way to the California goldfields. Download high resolution version (1024x768, 112 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (1024x768, 112 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... 1846 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... The Applegate Trail was a north-south wilderness trail through Oregon Territory. ... 1848 is a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... A salt lake or saline lake is a landlocked body of water which has a concentration of salts (mostly sodium chloride) and other minerals significantly higher than most lakes (often defined as at least 3,000 milligrams of salt per liter). ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...

When the trails opened in the 1840's, Granite Pass was in Mexico and less than a mile from Oregon Territory, which included the City of Rocks. After 1850 the area became part of Utah Territory, and in 1872 the Idaho-Utah boundary survey placed the City of Rocks in Idaho Territory. With completion of the transcontinental railroad in 1869, the overland wagon routes began to pass into history. However, wagons saw continued use on regional supply routes that spread out from the railroad lines. 1850 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The Utah Territory was an organized territory of the United States that existed between 1850 and 1896. ... 1872 (MDCCCLXXII) was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... Categories: US geography stubs | U.S. historical regions and territories | Idaho history | Montana history | Wyoming history ... A transcontinental railroad is a railway that crosses a continent, typically from sea to sea. Terminals are at or connected to different Oceans. ... 1869 (MDCCCLXIX) is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ...

John Halley's stage route connected the railroad at Kelton, Utah with Idaho's mining hub of Boise, Idaho and supplied the early economic development of Idaho, which won statehood in 1890. The Kelton stage route passed through the City of Rocks, with a stage station set up near the junction of the old California Trail and the Salt Lake Alternate. Settlers began to homestead the City of Rocks area in the late 1800s. Dryland farming declined during the drought years of the 1920s and 30s, but ranching survived. Livestock grazing began with early wagon use of the area in the mid-1800s and continues today. Flag Seal Nickname: City of Trees Motto: Energy Peril Success Location Coordinates , Government Country State County United States Idaho Ada Founded Incorporated 1863 1864 Mayor David H. Bieter Geographical characteristics Area     City 165. ... This article discusses states as sovereign political entities. ... 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar). ...

Facts and designations

Designations

• National Reserve - 1988
• National Historic Landmark - 1974
• National Natural Landmark - 1964

Area USS Constitution. ... Caverns of Sonora National Natural Landmark The National Natural Landmark (NNL) program recognizes and encourages the conservation of outstanding examples of the United States natural history. ...

• 2004 - 14,107 acres (57 km²) gross
• 2003 - 14,107 acres (57 km²) gross
• 2002 - 14,107 acres (57 km²) gross

Visitation

• Total recreation visits for 2004- 76,586
• Total recreation visits for 2003- 80,126
• Total recreation visits for 2002- 75,748

Budget

• 2004 annual budget $305,000
• 2003 annual budget $309,000
• 2002 annual budget $310,000

Environment

City of Rocks, an extraordinary encirclement of granite rising out of the gently rolling sagebrush country in south-central Idaho, has attracted and intrigued people since they first entered this region. The Shoshone camped here as did the emigrants traveling along the California Trail. One of the reserve's most notable qualities is its large degree of biological diversity concentrated in a relatively small area. The great variety of textures, colors, and shapes in the natural landscape contributes considerably to the reserve's scenic quality.

Geologic formations

Bath Rock in the City of Rocks National Reserve in Idaho State.

The landscape of City of Rocks has been sculpted from granite that was intruded into the crust during two widely spaced times. The granite that composes most of the spires is part of the 28 million year old Almo pluton. However, some of the spires are made of granite that is part of the 2.5 billion year old Green Creek Complex that contains some of the oldest rocks in the western United States. The granite has eroded into a fascinating assortment of shapes. Download high resolution version (1024x768, 80 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (1024x768, 80 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...

City of Rocks was designated a National Reserve, a unit of the National Park Service, in recognition of the nationally significant geological and scenic values of its rock formations and the historical significance of the California Trail. Rock formations in the reserve developed through an erosion process called exfoliation, during which thin rock plates and scales sloughed off along joints in the rocks. The joints, or fractures, probably resulted from contractions when the rock cooled or from expansions when overlying materials eroded away and eliminated confining pressure. The granite has eroded into a fascinating assortment of shapes as high as 600 feet. The upper surfaces of many of the rocks are covered with flat-floored weathering pits known as panholes. The most notable panhole is located on top of Bath Rock and is continuously filled with water from rain or snow melt. Geological exfoliation of granite at Enchanted Rock State Natural Area, Texas, USA Exfoliation in geology is a weathering process, mainly caused by freeze-thaw cycles. ...

Animals

The diverse habitat of the reserve supports a large variety of mammals, birds, reptiles, and invertebrates.

• Amphibians - Common amphibians that could be found near water include Boreal Toad, Great Basin Spadefoot Toad, and Northern Leopard Frog.
• Birds - The reserve provides excellent breeding and prey habitat for many raptor species including Golden Eagle, Prairie Falcon, Red-tailed Hawk, Northern Harrier, Sharp-shinned Hawk, Cooper's Hawk, American Kestrel, Turkey Vulture, and Great Horned Owl. Swainson's Hawk and Ferruginous Hawk are less abundant in the reserve. Other common bird species includes Blue Grouse, Sage Grouse, Pinon Jay, Clark's Nutcracker, Common Nighthawk, Rock Doves, Mourning Doves, Cliff Swallow, Mountain Bluebird, Hermit Thrush, Mountain Chickadee, Rock Wren, House Wren, Solitary Vireos, Warbling Vireos, Green-tailed Towhee, Virginia's Warbler, Brewer's Blackbird, and various Sparrows.
• Mammals - A partial list of mammals in the reserve includes, Mountain Lion, Mule Deer, Coyote, Bobcat, Badger, Porcupine, Red Fox, Cliff Chipmunk, Mountain Cottontail Rabbit, Pygmy Rabbit, Black-tailed Jackrabbit, Snowshoe Hare, Northern Grasshopper Mouse, Merriam Shrew, several species of voles, and a variety of bats. Pronghorn antelope and bison were probably common a century ago.
• Reptiles - Typical lizard species include the western whiptail, western fence lizard, Long-Nose Leopard Lizard, Sagebrush Lizard, and Northern Desert Horned Lizard. Snakes include the Western Rattlesnake, Great Basin Gopher Snake, Striped Whipsnake, and Wandering Garter Snake. The Western Rattlesnake is the only strongly venomed snake found in the reserve.

Binomial name Bufo boreas The Western toad (Bufo boreas) is a large toad species, between 5. ... Species Rana berlandieri Rana blairi Rana chiricahuensis Rana fisheri Rana onca Rana pipiens Rana sphenocephala Rana subaquavocalis Rana yavapaiensis Leopard frogs, which are also called meadow frogs and grass frogs, are a collection of so-called true frogs within the genus Rana. ... Look up raptor in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Binomial name Aquila chrysaetos Linnaeus, 1758 The Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) is one of the best known birds of prey in the Northern Hemisphere. ... Binomial name Falco mexicanus Schlegel, 1850 The Prairie Falcon (Falco mexicanus) is a medium-sized falcon of western North America. ... Binomial name Buteo jamaicensis (Gmelin, 1788) The Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) is a large hawk which breeds from western Alaska and northern Canada to Panama and the West Indies. ... Binomial name Circus cyaneus (Linnaeus, 1766) The Hen Harrier (Circus cyaneus) is a bird of prey of the harrier family. ... Binomial name Accipiter striatus The Sharp-shinned Hawk, Accipiter striatus, is a small hawk. ... Binomial name Accipiter cooperii (Bonaparte, 1828) The Coopers Hawk, Accipiter cooperii, is a medium-sized hawk. ... Binomial name Falco sparverius Linnaeus, 1758 The American Kestrel (Falco sparverius) is a small falcon. ... Binomial name Cathartes aura (Linnaeus, 1758) The Turkey Vulture, Cathartes aura, is the most common North American vulture. ... {{Taxobox - | color = pink - | name = Great Horned Owl - | image = Bubo virginianus1. ... Binomial name Buteo swainsoni Bonaparte, 1838 The Swainsons Hawk, Buteo swainsoni, is a large hawk. ... Binomial name Buteo regalis (Gray, 1844) The Ferruginous Hawk, Buteo regalis, is a large hawk. ... Binomial name Dendragapus obscurus (Say, 1823) The Blue Grouse, Dendragapus obscurus, is a large grouse. ... Binomial name Centrocercus urophasianus (Bonaparte, 1827) Binomial name Centrocercus minimus Young et. ... Binomial name Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus Wied-Neuwied, 1841 The Pinyon Jay (Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus) is a jay between the North American Blue Jay and the Eurasian Jay in size. ... Binomial name Nucifraga columbiana (Wilson, 1811) The Clarks Nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana), is a large passerine bird, in the family Corvidae. ... Binomial name Chordeiles minor (Forster,JR,, 1771) The Common Nighthawk, Chordeiles minor, is a nightjar. ... Binomial name Columba livia Gmelin, 1789 The Rock Dove (Columba livia), or feral pigeon, is a member of the bird family Columbidae, doves and pigeons. ... Binomial name Zenaida macroura (Linnaeus, 1758) The Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura) is a member of the bird family Columbidae, which includes doves and pigeons. ... Binomial name Hirundo pyrrhonota Vieillot, 1817 The Cliff Swallow, Hirundo pyrrhonota (sometimes Petrochelidon pyrrhonota), is a member of the passerine bird family Hirundinidae, the swallows and martins. ... Binomial name Sialia currucoides (Bechstein, 1798) The Mountain Bluebird, Sialia currucoides, is a medium-sized thrush. ... Binomial name Catharus guttatus (Pallas, 1811) The Hermit Thrush, Catharus guttatus, is a medium-sized thrush. ... Binomial name Poecile gambeli or Parus gambeli Linnaeus, 1766 The Mountain Chickadee, Parus gambeli or Poecile gambeli, is a small songbird. ... Binomial name Salpinctes obsoletus (Say,, 1823) The Rock Wren, Salpinctes obsoletus, is a small songbird of the Wren family. ... Binomial name Troglodytes aedon (Vieillot, 1809) The House Wren, Troglodytes aedon, is a small songbird of the wren family. ... Binomial name Vireo solitarius (Wilson,A, 1810) The Blue-headed Vireo, Vireo solitarius, is a small songbird. ... Binomial name Vireo gilvus (Vieillot,, 1808) The Warbling Vireo, Vireo gilvus, is a small songbird. ... Species see text A Towhee is any one of a number of species of birds in the genus Pipilo (Vieillot, 1816) within the family Emberizidae (which also includes the buntings, American sparrows, and juncos). ... Binomial name Vermivora virginiae (Baird, 1860) Virginias Warbler, Vermivora virginiae, is a species of New World warbler. ... Binomial name Euphagus cyanocephalus (Wagler, 1829) Group of Brewers Blackbird The Brewers Blackbird (Euphagus cyanocephalus) is a medium-sized blackbird. ... Genera Passer Petronia Carpospiza Montifringilla This article is about the Old World sparrows in the family Passeridae. ... Binomial name Puma concolor (Linnaeus, 1771) The puma (Puma concolor) is a type of large cat found in North, Central and South America. ... Binomial name Odocoileus hemionus (Rafinesque, 1817) The Mule Deer (Odocoileus hemionus) is a deer whose habitat is in the western half of North America. ... Binomial name Canis latrans Say, 1823 The coyote (Canis latrans, meaning barking dog, also prairie wolf [2]) is a member of the Canidae (dog) family and a relative of the domestic dog. ... Binomial name Lynx rufus (Schreber, 1777) The Bobcat (Lynx rufus, commonly misinterpreted as Felis rufus) is a small wild cat indigenous to North America. ... Genera  Arctonyx  Melogale  Meles  Mellivora  Taxidea For other uses, see Badger (disambiguation). ... Porcupines are rodents best known for their coat of sharp spines, or quills, that defend them from predators. ... Binomial name Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758) Synonyms Vulpes fulva, Vulpes fulvus The Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes), the most familiar of the foxes, has the widest range of any terrestrial carnivore. ... Binomial name Brachylagus idahoensis (Merriam, 1891) The Pygmy Rabbit, Brachylagus idahoensis is a North American rabbit, and is one of only two rabbit species in America to dig its own burrow. ... Binomial name Lepus californicus Gray, 1837 The Black-tailed Jackrabbit (Lepus californicus) is the common hare of the western United States and Mexico, found at elevations from sea level to up to 3000 m. ... Binomial name Lepus americanus Erxleben, 1777 The Snowshoe Hare (Lepus americanus) is a species of hare found in North America. ... species see text The genus Onychomys, contains species commonly referred to as grasshopper mice. ... Genera Anourosorex Blarina Blarinella Chimarrogale Chodsigoa Congosorex Crocidura Cryptotis Diplomosodon Episoriculus Feroculus Megasorex Myosorex Nectogale Neomys Nesiotites Notiosorex Paracrocidura Ruwenzorisorex Scutisorex Solisorex Sorex Soriculus Suncus Surdisorex Sylvisorex Shrews are small, superficially mouse-like mammals of the family Soricidae. ... A vole is a small rodent resembling a mouse but with a stouter body; a shorter, hairy tail; and smaller ears and eyes. ... Suborders Megachiroptera Microchiroptera See text for families. ... Binomial name Antilocapra americana Ord, 1815 The pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) is the only surviving member of the family Antilocapridae, and the fastest land animal in North America running at speeds up to 54 mph (90 km/h). ... Species B. bison B. bonasus B. priscus Bison is a taxonomic genus containing six species of large even-toed ungulates within the subfamily Bovinae. ... Genera Ameiva Callopistes Cnemidophorus Crocodilurus Dicrodon Dracaena Kentropyx Teius Tupinambis Teiidae is a family of lizards that includes the Whiptail lizards and the Tegus. ... Binomial name Sceloporus occidentalis Girard, 1852 The Western Fence Lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis) is the common lizard of much of California. ... Binomial name Sceloporus graciosus The Southern sagebrush lizard (Sceloporus graciosus) is a small (4. ... Species 27 species; see list of rattlesnake species and subspecies. ...

Plants

Notable plantlife includes:

• The Kruckeberg's Sword Fern is found in the cool, moist micro-habitats in the granite formations. The fern grows in rock crevices and is normally found at higher elevations than City of Rocks. Primary threats to this species are trampling and or removal by visitors along rockclimbing routes.

• Stands of pinon / juniper woodlands are dominated by the single-leaf pinon pine and Utah juniper, interspersed with mountain big sagebrush and curleaf mountain-mahoganey. The pinon seed is edible and gathered by local residents. Higher slopes are covered with mountain big sagebrush, snowberry, serviceberry, and bitterbrush, with other shrubs, grasses, and herbs growing in the openings between shrubs. Groves of aspen, stands of douglas-fir and lodgepole pine, are located on the upper stony / grassy slopes of the reserve. Quaking aspen groves occur in canyons containing streams.

Other dominant plants in the City of Rocks National Reserve include: Piñon may refer to: Pinyon pine (or Piñon pine) Pinon (or Piñon), Arizona Pinon is also a French surname: Dominique Pinon, French actor Guy Pinon, French actor This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Species Junipers are coniferous plants in the genus Juniperus of the cypress family Cupressaceae. ... Binomial name Artemisia tridentata Nutt. ... Species About 15 species including: - Common Snowberry - Mexican Snowberry - Littleleaf Snowberry - Creeping Snowberry - Wolfberry - Coralberry - Mountain Snowberry - Roundleaf Snowberry - Chinese Coralberry Symphoricarpos is a small genus of about 15 species of deciduous shrubs in the family Caprifoliaceae. ... Species About 25; see text The Serviceberry (Amelanchier), also known as juneberry, mespilus and shadbush, is a genus if about 25 species of small deciduous trees and large shrubs in the family Rosaceae. ... Species See text. ... Species Populus adenopoda Populus alba Populus grandidentata Populus sieboldii Populus tremula Populus tremuloides Aspens are trees of the willow family and comprise a section of the poplar genus, Populus sect. ... Species See text. ... Binomial name Pinus contorta Douglas Lodgepole Pine (Pinus contorta) is a common tree in western North America. ...

• Pinon / juniper woodlands and forest
• Conifer / aspen woodlands and forests
• Riparian scrub and herbaceous wetlands
• Big sagebrush and grasslands
• Mixed scrub
• Mountain mahogany scrub
• High elevation meadows
• Other unvegetated areas

Piñon may refer to: Pinyon pine (or Piñon pine) Pinon (or Piñon), Arizona Pinon is also a French surname: Dominique Pinon, French actor Guy Pinon, French actor This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Species Junipers are coniferous plants in the genus Juniperus of the cypress family Cupressaceae. ... Orders & Families Cordaitales † Pinales   Pinaceae - Pine family   Araucariaceae - Araucaria family   Podocarpaceae - Yellow-wood family   Sciadopityaceae - Umbrella-pine family   Cupressaceae - Cypress family   Cephalotaxaceae - Plum-yew family   Taxaceae - Yew family Vojnovskyales † Voltziales † The conifers, division Pinophyta, are one of 13 or 14 division level taxa within the Kingdom Plantae. ... Species Populus adenopoda Populus alba Populus grandidentata Populus sieboldii Populus tremula Populus tremuloides Aspens are trees of the willow family and comprise a section of the poplar genus, Populus sect. ... A riparian zone schematic from the Everglades. ... This article is about the plants used in cooking and medicine. ... Binomial name Artemisia tridentata Nutt. ... An Inner Mongolia Grassland. ... Scrub has a number of meanings: Look up scrub in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Species - Birchleaf Mountain-mahogany - Hairy Mountain-mahogany - Littleleaf Mountain-mahogany - Curlleaf Mountain-mahogany - Alderleaf Mountain-mahogany - Catalina Island Mountain-mahogany Mountain-mahogany (Cercocarpus) is a small genus of five or six species of deciduous shrubs or small trees in the Rosaceae, native to the western United States and northern Mexico... A meadow is a tract of grassland, either in its natural state or used as pasture or for growing hay. ...

Weather

The semi-arid climate is characterized by low to moderate precipitation, great extremes in both daily and seasonal temperatures, and low relative humidity. Average annual precipitation is approximately 14 inches at the lower elevations and 22 inches in the highest areas. Average snow depths for higher elevations range between 35 and 68 inches. Summers are hot and dry with occasional thunderstorms.

Mountains

The reserve is in the southern part of the Albion Mountains, bordered on the east by the Raft River valley and to the north by the Snake River valley. Elevations rise from 5,650 feet where Circle Creek meets the reserve boundary to 8,867 feet at the top of Graham Peak to the north. The Raft River is a river that flows from Utah to Idaho. ... This article is about the Snake River in the northwestern United States. ...

Soils

The majority of the soils in the reserve are highly erodible. Wind and water erosion are the primary sources for erosion. Soil erosion is greatest near roads and on steep slopes and intermittent stream channels. Erosion in these areas has formed deep gullies. Some of the exposed soil banks are over 8 feet high.

References

NPS City of Rocks Website

External links

• Photographic virtual tour of City of Rocks.

• Maps and aerial photos Coordinates: 42.0760257° -113.7016761°
  • Street map from Google Maps or Yahoo! Maps
  • Topographic map from TopoZone
  • Aerial image or topographic map from TerraServer-USA
  • Satellite image from Google Maps or Microsoft Virtual Earth