The Civil Rights Act of 1875 (18 Stat. 335) was a United States federal law proposed by Republican Senator Charles Sumner and Republican Congressman Benjamin F. Butler in 1870. The act was passed by Congress in February, 1875 and signed by President Grant on March 1, 1875. The Act guaranteed that everyone, regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude, was entitled to the same treatment in "public accommodations" (i.e. inns, public conveyances on land or water, theaters, and other places of public amusement). The United States Code (U.S.C.) is a compilation and codification of the general and permanent federal Law of the United States. ... Charles Sumner (January 6, 1811 – March 11, 1874) was an American politician and statesman from Massachusetts. ... Benjamin Franklin Butler (November 5, 1818 – January 11, 1893) was an American lawyer and politician who represented Massachusetts in the United States House of Representatives and later served as its governor. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... 1875 (MDCCCLXXV) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... March 1 is the 60th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (61st in leap years). ... 1875 (MDCCCLXXV) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...

If found guilty, the lawbreaker could face a penalty anywhere from $500 to $1,000 and/or 30 days to 1 year in prison. However, the law was rarely enforced and in the 1883 Civil Rights Cases the Supreme Court deemed the act unconstitutional on the basis that Congress had no power to regulate the conduct of individuals. The Fourteenth Amendment prohibits discrimination by the state, not individuals. Lady Justice or Justitia is a personification of the moral force that underlies the legal system (particularly in Western art). ... 1883 (MDCCCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Holding The Equal Protection clause applies only to state action, not segregation by privately owned businesses. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Chief Justice Associate Justices Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Counties, Cities, and Towns Other countries Politics Portal      The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest judicial body in the... Amendment XIV in the National Archives The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (Amendment XIV) is one of the post-Civil War amendments (known as the Reconstruction Amendments), intended to secure rights for former slaves. ... Manifestations Slavery · Racial profiling · Lynching Hate speech · Hate crime · Hate groups Genocide · The Holocaust · Armenian Genocide · Pogrom Ethnocide · Ethnic cleansing · Race war Religious persecution · Gay bashing Blood libel · Black Legend Pedophobia · Ephebiphobia Movements Discriminatory Aryanism · Neo-Nazism · Ku Klux Klan National Party (South Africa) American Nazi Party Kahanism · Supremacism Anti... A state is a political association with effective dominion over a geographic area. ... As commonly used, individual refers to a person or to any specific object in a collection. ...

The law was generally ineffective and not enforced. The withdrawal of Federal troops from the South caused it to only be enforced rarely by some federal officers and some private citizens.

The Act was challenged and brought to the Supreme Court in 1883. The Act was found unconstitutional on the basis that the Act regulated actions of private companies rather than actions of the state governments. 1883 (MDCCCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into constitutionality. ...

Many of the provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1875 were passed into law in the 1960s with the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Fair Housing Act using the federal power to regulate interstate commerce. President Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964. ... http://www. ... Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 of the United States Constitution empowers the United States Congress To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes. The Commerce Clause has been the subject of intense constitutional and political disagreement centering on the extent to...

External links

• Text of the act, from Denver University