Clémentine of Orléans, Princess of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (March 6, 1817 - February 16, 1907) was the daughter of King Louis-Philippe of France, the last King of France and his wife Marie Amalie of Bourbon-Sicilies. She was the mother of Tsar Ferdinand I of Bulgaria. Saxe-Coburg-Gotha or Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (German: Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha) was once the name given to the two German duchies of Saxe-Coburg and Saxe-Gotha in Germany, in the present states of Bavaria and Thuringia, which were in personal union between 1826 and 1918. ... March 6 is the 65th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (66th in Leap years). ... Events March 4 - James Monroe succeeds James Madison as the President of the United States of America April – Earthquake in Palermo, Italy April 3 – Princess Caraboo appears in Almondsbury in Gloucestershire, England May - The General Convention of the Episcopal Church founded General Theological Seminary while meeting in New York City. ... February 16 is the 47th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1907 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Louis-Philippe of France (October 6, 1773–August 26, 1850), served as the Orleanist king of the French from 1830 to 1848. ... Kings ruled in France from the Middle Ages to 1848. ... Maria Amelia Teresa of the Two Sicilies (26 April 1782-24 March 1866) was the wife of Louis Philippe, King of the French. ... Tsar ( Bulgarian цар, Russian царь,  listen?; often spelled Czar or Tzar and sometimes Csar or Zar in English), was the title used for the autocratic rulers of the First and Second Bulgarian Empires since 913, in Serbia in the middle of the 14th century, and in Russia from 1547 to... Ferdinand Maximilan Charles Leopold Marie, Ferdinand of Bulgaria (February 26, 1861 - September 10, 1948) was monarch of Bulgaria as well as an author, botanist and philatelist. ...

Born at the Château de Neuilly, in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France, Clémentine became a princess following her father's ascension to the French throne in 1830. Never one to lack ambition, she sought a likely future king to marry and was directed towards Prince August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duke of Saxony, whom she married on April 20, 1843 in Saint-Cloud. Her instincts proved to be incorrect in this case as Augustus would never become a king. They had four children: Neuilly-sur-Seine is a commune in the Hauts-de-Seine département in France. ... The French Republic or France (French: République française or France) is a country whose metropolitan territory is located in western Europe, and which is further made up of a collection of overseas islands and territories located in other continents. ... 1830 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... April 20 is the 110th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (111th in leap years). ... 1843 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Cloud or St. ...

• Philip, who married his cousin, Louise, daughter of Leopold II of Belgium
• Augustus, who married Leopoldine, daughter of Pedro II of Brazil
• Amelie, who married Duke Maximillan, the brother of Empress Elizabeth of Austria
• Ferdinand, who would become Tsar of Bulgaria.

After fleeing France in 1848 following the end of her father's reign, she lived in Vienna, where her husband was an officer with the Austro-Hungarian army. Realising she would never be Queen, Clémentine turned her efforts to instilling in Ferdinand, her favorite child, that, as a direct descendent not only of Louis-Philippe but of the Sun King Louis XIV of France, he deserved to be a King. Of which country was not an important matter. As it turned out, that country was Bulgaria and Clémentine actively lobbied for Ferdinand's election as Prince of Bulgaria. King Leopold II Leopold II, King of the Belgians (Louis Philippe Marie Victor) (April 9, 1835–December 17, 1909), succeeded his father, Leopold I of Belgium, to the Belgian throne in 1865 and remained king until his death. ... Dom Pedro IIs family Dom Pedro II and President Ulysses S. Grant, Philadelphia Exposition, 1876 Dom Pedro II in his old age Dom Pedro II of Brazil Dom Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil was the second and final Brazilian Emperor. ... Elisabeth Amalie Eugenie, Duchess in Bavaria and Princess of Bavaria (December 24, 1837 - September 10, 1898), of the House of Wittelsbach, was Empress-Consort of Austria and Queen consort of Hungary due to her marriage to Emperor Franz Joseph. ... 1848 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... This article is about the city and federal state in Austria. ... The Austro-Hungarian Army was the ground force of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. ... Louis XIV King of France and Navarre By Hyacinthe Rigaud (1701) Louis XIV (Louis-Dieudonné) (September 5, 1638–September 1, 1715) reigned as King of France and King of Navarre from May 14, 1643 until his death. ... The Republic of Bulgaria is a republic in the southeast of Europe. ...

Known for her "shrewd mind and a remarkable understanding of European politics and diplomacy", Clémentine was often sent by Ferdinand as his representative on diplomatic missions around Europe. Additionally, as an extremely wealthy woman, Clémentine made herself popular in her adopted homeland by showering money on Bulgaria, including a donation of four million francs towards the completion of a railway line linking Bulgaria to Europe's rail network.

Increasingly deaf as she aged, Clémentine became dependent on an enormous ear trumpet and people shouting at her to hear and it became an occupational hazard of the Bulgarian court to be caught in long, shouted conversations with Clémentine that she was reluctant to end.

She died in Vienna in 1907, aged 90. Her influence on Ferdinand was so well known that people began to predict his downfall. She was buried in Coburg, with an inscription on her memorial reading "King's daughter, no Queen herself, yet King's mother." Coburg is a city located on the Itz River in Bavaria, Central-West Germany. ...