A clamper is an electric circuit that prevents a signal from exceeding a certain defined magnitude. A diode clamp relies on a diode, which conducts electric current in only one direction; resistors and capacitors in the circuit can be used to alter the dc level at the clamper output. An electrical network or electrical circuit is an interconnection of analog electrical elements such as resistors, inductors, capacitors, diodes, switches and transistors. ... Types of diodes In electronics, a diode is a component that restricts the direction of movement of charge carriers. ... Resistor symbols (US and Japan) Resistor symbols (Europe) A pack of resistors A resistor is a two-terminal electrical or electronic component that resists an electric current by producing a voltage drop between its terminals in accordance with Ohms law. ... A capacitor is a device that stores energy in the electric field created between a pair of conductors on which electric charges of equal magnitude, but opposite sign, have been placed. ...
Clamping for input protection
Clamping can be used to adapt an input signal to a device that cannot make use of or may be damaged by the signal range of the original input.
In electronics, a clipper is a device employing a diode to clip away a portion of an input signal without distoring the remaining part of the applied waveform. ...
References
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory (9th ed) by Robert Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky