Clare W. Graves (December 21, 1914-January 3, 1986) was a professor of psychology and originator of the Level Theory of Personality. He was born in New Richmond, Indiana. Also known as the integral-aperspectival stage of consciousness, the term integral has been used in a philosophical sense by several twentieth century philosophers and psychologists that is different from the mathematical sense. ... Śrī Aurobindo Śrī Aurobindo (August 15, 1872–December 5, 1950) was an Indian nationalist, scholar, poet, Hindu mystic, evolutionary philosopher, yogi and guru. ... In philosophy and metaphysics, the development of the universe, and of consciousness through time, is referred to as evolution. ... According to Aurobindo and other integral (philosophy) theorists, the process by which the Divine manifests the cosmos is called involution. ... The Synthesis of Yoga is the book written by Sri Aurobindo, compiling the various methods of yoga and to give the comprehensive way for following the true path to Divine consciousness. ... Integral Yoga or Purna Yoga (Full or Complete Yoga) refers in Sri Aurobindos teachings to the union of all the parts of ones being with the Divine, and the transmutation of all of their jarring elements into a harmonious state of higher divine consciousness and existence. ... Auroville is an international township, near Pondicherry in southern India, whose sole purpose is to realize human unity in diversity. ... Pierre Teilhard de Chardin (May 1, 1881 – April 10, 1955) was a Jesuit paleontologist and philosopher involved in popularising the concept of the noosphere and the Omega Point, and was present at the discovery of Peking Man. ... Jean Gebser (1905 – 1973) was a prodigy, a student of the evolution of human conciousness, a linguist, and a poet. ... Arthur Koestler Arthur Koestler ( September 5, 1905 - March 3, 1983) was a novelist, political activist, and social philosopher. ... Holism (from holon, a Greek word meaning entity) or wholism is the idea that the properties of a system cannot be determined or explained by the sum of its components alone. ... A holarchy is a hierarchy of holons. ... A holon (from the Greek holos = whole and on = entity) is something that is simultaneously a whole and a part. ... Arthur Middleton Young (November 3, 1905–1995) was inventor of the Bell helicopter, as well as a cosmologist, philosopher and author. ... Erich Jantsch was an Austrian astronomer who wrote the book The Self-organizing Universe: Scientific and Human Implications of the Emerging Paradigm of Evolution, which was published in 1980. ... For other people with the same name, see Michael Murphy Michael Murphy is the co-founder of the Esalen Institute, a key figure in the Human Potential Movement and author of both fiction and non-fiction books on topics related to extraordinary human potential. ... Stanislav Grof (born 1931) is one of the founders of the field of Transpersonal psychology and a pioneer researcher on the use of altered states of consciousness (otherwise known as nonordinary states of consciousness) for healing, growth, and insight. ... Don Beck is an American management consultant involved in the theory known as Spiral Dynamics. ... Spiral dynamics is a theory of human development, developed by Don Beck and Chris Cowan, based on the work of professor Clare W. Graves. ... Kenneth Earl Wilber Jr. ... In Integral theory, an AQAL (pronounced ah-qwal) theory, perspective, or point of view is one that incorporates, or that allows for, all quadrants, all levels, all lines, all states, all types. ... The Integral Institute is a think-tank founded by American philosopher, psychologist, and mystic Ken Wilber for studying important issues of many fields of knowledge in an integral way. ... Sex, Ecology, Spirituality: The Spirit of Evolution is philosopher Ken Wilbers magnum opus. ... An emerging approach to politics that is based on developmental and holistic approaches to the self, culture, and society. ... Integral Psychology is a book by philosopher Ken Wilber in which he applies his integral model of consciousness to the psychological realm. ... Alex Grey (born November 29, 1953) in Columbus, Ohio. ... Stuart Davis (born on January 11, 1971 in Des Moines, Iowa, USA) is a contemporary American musician and songwriter from Minnesota. ... The California Institute of Integral Studies (CIIS) is a private San Francisco, California-based graduate school whose programs focus on clinical psychology on one hand, and the study of the worlds various spiritual traditions on the other. ... December 21 is the 355th day of the year (356th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1914 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... January 3 is the 3rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1986 is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Psychology (ancient Greek: psyche = soul and logos = word) is the study of behaviour, mind and thought. ... New Richmond is a town located in Montgomery County, Indiana. ...

Education

Graves graduated from Union College in New York in 1940 and received his master's degree and a Ph.D in psychology from Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio. This article is about the college in New York; there are also Union Colleges in Barbourville, Kentucky and Lincoln, Nebraska and a Union University in Jackson, Tennessee. ... State nickname: Empire State Other U.S. States Capital Albany Largest city New York Governor George Pataki Official languages None Area 141,205 km² (27th)  - Land 122,409 km²  - Water 18,795 km² (13. ... Case Western Reserve University is a private research university located in Cleveland, Ohio. ... City nickname: The Forest City Location within the state of Ohio County Cuyahoga Mayor Jane Campbell Area  - Land  - Water 213. ...

In the mid-twentieth century, Clare W. Graves taught psychology at Union College in New York. There he developed an epistemological model of human psychology. Graves claimed that the inspiration for so doing came from undergraduate students in his introductory psychology course. He acknowledged that he was unable to answer the frequently asked question as to who from among many competing psychology theorists was ultimately "right" or "correct" with their model. Psychology (ancient Greek: psyche = soul and logos = word) is the study of behaviour, mind and thought. ... Epistemology, from the Greek words episteme (knowledge) and logos (word/speech) is the branch of philosophy that deals with the nature, origin and scope of knowledge. ... Psychology (ancient Greek: psyche = soul and logos = word) is the study of behaviour, mind and thought. ...

Development of theories

In an attempt to answer the students’ question, Graves ultimately created an epistemological theory that he said reconciled the various approaches to human psychology. To obtain the data he needed to develop his hypothesis and test his theory, in the seven years from 1952 to 1959, Graves collected pertinent data from his psychology students (who were a diverse group of people from all over the world). His analysis of this data became the basis for a theory that he called "The Emergent Cyclical Levels of Existence Theory" (ECLET). 1952 - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes. ... 1959 was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ...

In brief, Graves theorized that in response to external conditions, humans develop new bio-psycho-social coping systems to solve problems. While these coping systems were dependent on evolving human culture, they were manifest by individuals. Graves believed that tangible emergent self-assembling dynamic neuronal systems evolved in the human brain in response to evolving existential social problems. He theorized "man's nature is not a set thing, that it is ever emergent, that it is an open system, not a closed system." His work observes that the emergence within humans of new bio-psycho-social coping systems in response to external conditions follows a hierarchy. Furthermore, each level in the hierarchy alternates as either the human trying to make the environment adapt to the self, or the human adapting to the existential. He saw this process as continuous and never ending. Binomial name Homo sapiens Linnaeus, 1758 Subspecies Homo sapiens idaltu (extinct) Homo sapiens sapiens Human beings define themselves in biological, social, and spiritual terms. ... The word culture comes from the Latin root colere (to inhabit, to cultivate, or to honor). ... Emergence is the process of deriving some new and coherent structures, patterns and properties in a complex system. ... Picture of a human brain generated from MRI data Sagittal slice from a fMRI scan of a human brain. ... An open system may refer to more than one thing: In the physical sciences, an open system (system theory) is a system that matter or energy can flow into and/or out of, in contrast to a closed system, which no energy or matter may enter or leave. ... An open system can be influenced by events outside of the declared boundaries of the system. ... A hierarchy (in Greek hieros, sacred, and arkho, rule) is a system of ranking and organizing things. ... The Self is a key construct in several schools of Psychology. ... Existentialism is a philosophical movement emphasizing individualism, individual freedom, and subjectivity. ...

Death

Graves died at his home in Rexford, New York at age 71.

See also: Spiral Dynamics Spiral dynamics is a theory of human development, developed by Don Beck and Chris Cowan, based on the work of professor Clare W. Graves. ...

Related topics

• Complexity
• Complex Adaptive Systems
• Scientific Modeling
• Biology
• Psychology
• Sociology
• Anthropology
• Neuroscience
• Cognitive psychology
• Evolutionary psychology
• Neuroendocrinology
• Abraham Maslow

There are different senses of complexity: In information processing, complexity is a measure of the total number of properties transmitted by an object and detected by an observer. ... Complex systems have a number of properties, some of which are listed below. ... Model may refer to more than one thing : For models in society, art, fashion, and cosmetics, see; role model model (person) supermodel figure drawing modeling section In science and technology, a model (abstract) is understood as an abstract or theoretical representation of a phenomenon,see; geologic modeling model (economics) model... Main article: Life There are many universal units and common processes that are fundamental to the known forms of life. ... Psychology (ancient Greek: psyche = soul and logos = word) is the study of behaviour, mind and thought. ... Sociology is the study of the social lives of humans, groups, and societies, sometimes defined as the study of social interactions. ... Anthropology (from the Greek word άνθρωπος = human) consists of the study of humankind (see genus Homo). ... Neuroscience is a field of study which deals with the structure, function, development, genetics, biochemistry, physiology, pharmacology and pathology of the nervous system. ... Cognitive psychology is the psychological science which studies cognition, the mental processes that are hypothesised to underlie behavior. ... Evolutionary psychology or (EP) proposes that human and primate cognition and behavior could be better understood by examining them in light of human and primate evolutionary history. ... Abraham Maslow (April 1, 1908 – June 8, 1970) was a psychologist. ...

External links

• Clare W.Graves homepage (http://www.clarewgraves.com/index.html)
• National Values Center Consulting (http://www.spiraldynamics.org)
• Spiral Dynamics Homepage (http://www.spiraldynamics.com)