Claremont is an 18th-century Palladian mansion situated less than a mile south of Esher in Surrey, United Kingdom. The buildings are now occupied by Claremont Fan Court School, and its landscaped gardens are owned and managed by the National Trust. As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800 in the Gregorian calendar. ... A villa with a superimposed portico, from Book IV of Palladios I Quattro Libri dellArchitettura, in a modestly priced English translation published in London, 1736. ... Esher is a town in the Surrey borough of Elmbridge in South East England near the River Mole. ... Surrey is a county in southern England, part of the South East England region and one of the Home Counties. ... Claremont Landscape Garden, just outside Esher, United Kingdom, is one of the earliest surviving gardens of its kind - still featuring its original 18th century layout. ... The standard of the National Trust The National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty, usually known as The National Trust, is a British preservation organization. ...

The Claremont Estate

The first house on the Claremont estate was built in 1708 by Sir John Vanbrugh, the Restoration playwright and architect of Blenheim Palace and Castle Howard, for his own use. This "very small box", as he described it, stood on the level ground in front of the present mansion. At the same time, he built the stables and the walled gardens, also probably White Cottage, which is now the Sixth Form Centre of Claremont Fan Court School. // Events March 23 - James Francis Edward Stuart lands at the Firth of Forth July 1 - Tewoflos becomes Emperor of Ethiopia September 28 - Peter the Great defeats the Swedes at the Battle of Lesnaya Kandahar conquered by Mir Wais In Masuria one third of the population die during the plague J... Sir John Vanbrugh in Godfrey Knellers Kit-cat portrait, considered one of Knellers finest portraits. ... King Charles II, the first monarch to rule after the English Restoration. ... Blenheim Palace, The Great Court. ... The garden front of Castle Howard John Vanburghs complete project for Castle Howard, which was not all built. ...

In 1714 he sold the house to the wealthy Whig politician Thomas Pelham-Holles, Earl of Clare, who later became Duke of Newcastle and served twice as Prime Minister. The Earl commissioned Vanbrugh to add two great wings to the house and to build a fortress-like turret on an adjoining knoll. From this so-called "prospect-house", or Belvedere, he and his guests could admire the views of the Surrey countryside as they took refreshments and played hazard, a popular dice game. // Events August 1 - George, elector of Hanover becomes King George I of Great Britain. ... While the Whigs (along with the Tories) are often described as one of the two political parties in late 17th to mid 19th century Great Britain, it is more accurate to describe them as loose political groupings or tendencies. ... Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne and 1st Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyme (July 21, 1693 - November 17, 1768) was a Whig statesman, whose official life extended throughout the Whig supremacy of the 18th century. ... Sir Robert Walpole, the first Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. ... Hazard is a gambling game played with dice. ...

In the clear eighteenth-century air it was apparently possible to see Windsor Castle and St Paul's Cathedral. The Earl of Clare named his country seat Clare-mount, later contracted to Claremont. The two lodges at the Copsem Lane entrance were added at this time. Windsor Castle: The Round Tower or keep dominating the castle, as seen from the River Thames. ... St Pauls Cathedral from the south St Pauls Cathedral is a cathedral on Ludgate Hill, in the City of London, and the seat of the Bishop of London. ...

When the Duke of Newcastle died in 1768, his widow sold the estate to Robert Clive, founder of Britain's Indian Empire. Although the great house was then little more than fifty years old, it was aesthetically and politically out of fashion. So, Lord Clive decided to demolish it and commissioned Lancelot "Capability" Brown and his future son-in-law Henry Holland to build the present Palladian mansion on higher and dryer ground. 1768 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... This article needs a complete rewrite for the reasons listed on the talk page. ... The British Empire at its zenith in 1919. ... Lancelot Brown (1716 – 6 February 1783), more commonly known as Capability Brown, was an English landscape gardener. ... Henry Holland ( July 20, 1745 - June 17, 1806) was an architect to the English nobility who trained under Capability Brown and later married his daughter. ...

Capability Brown's mansion, built for Lord Clive of India.

Clive, by now a fabulously rich nabob, is reputed to have spent over £100,000 on the house and a complete remodelling of the celebrated pleasure grounds. Sadly, Clive never lived here, as he died in 1774 — the year that the house was finished. Nawab (Urdu: نواب ) was originally the subadar (provincial governor) or viceroy of a subah (province) or region of the Mughal empire. ... 1774 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

In 1816 Claremont was bought by the nation as a wedding present for George IV's daughter Princess Charlotte and her husband Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg. But to the nation's great sorrow Princess Charlotte, who was heir to the throne, died here after giving birth to a stillborn son the following year. Although Leopold retained ownership of Claremont until his death in 1865, he left the house in 1831 when he became the first King of the Belgians. 1816 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... George IV (George Augustus Frederick) (12 August 1762 – 26 June 1830) was king of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Hanover from 29 January 1820 until his death. ... Princess Charlotte Augusta of Wales (January 7, 1796 - November 6, 1817) was the only child of the ill-fated marriage between George IV (at that time the Prince of Wales) and Caroline of Brunswick. ... Leopold of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (December 16, 1790 – December 10, 1865), was the first king of Belgium, or more correct of the Belgians, according to the constitution of that country, since July 21, 1831. ... 1865 (MDCCCLXV) is a common year starting on Sunday. ... Leopold I 1831 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

Queen Victoria was a frequent visitor to Claremont both as a child and later as an adult when Leopold, her doting uncle, lent her the house. She, in turn, lent the house to the exiled French king and queen Louis-Philippe and Marie-Amelie after the revolution of 1848. Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria) (24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was the eminent Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June, 1837, and Empress of India from 1 January, 1877, until her death in 1901. ... Louis-Philippe of France (October 6, 1773–August 26, 1850) reigned as the Orléanist king of the French from 1830 to 1848. ... Maria Amelia Teresa of the Two Sicilies (26 April 1782-24 March 1866) was the wife of Louis Philippe, King of the French. ... Liberty Leading the People, a painting by Delacroix commemorating the July Revolution of 1830 but which has come to be generally accepted as symbolic of French popular uprisings against the monarchy in general and the French Revolution in particular. ... 1848 is a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Queen Victoria bought Claremont for her fourth and youngest son Leopold, Duke of Albany, when he married Princess Helena of Waldeck in 1882. The Duke and Duchess of Albany had two children—Alice and Charles. In 1900, the latter became the Duke of Saxe-Coburg and a German citizen. His Royal Highness The Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany (Leopold George Duncan Albert) (7 April 1853 - 28 March 1884), was a member of the British Royal Family, a son of Queen Victoria. ... Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Albany (née Her Serene Highness Princess Helene Friederike Auguste of Waldeck and Pyrmont) (17 February 1861 - 1 September 1922) was the daughter of George Victor of Waldeck-Pyrmont (1831-1893) and his wife Helene Wilhelmine of Nassau-Weilburg (1831-1888) She was born in... 1882 (MDCCCLXXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone (nee Princess Alice of Albany)(25 February 1883 - 3 January 1981), was a member of the British Royal Family, a granddaughter of Queen Victoria. ... Carl Eduard, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duke of Albany (Leopold Charles Edward George Albert) (19 July 1884 – 28 March 1954) was the last reigning Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha in Germany from 30 July 1900 to 14 November 1918. ... 1900 (MCM) was an exceptional common year starting on Monday. ...

Claremont should have passed to the Duke of Saxe-Coburg on his mother's death in 1922, but because he had served as a German general in the First World War, the British government disallowed the inheritance. Claremont was accordingly confiscated and sold by the Public Trustee to shipping magnate Sir William Corry, director of the Cunard Line. Two years after Sir William's death in 1926, it was bought by Eugen Spier, a wealthy German financier. 1922 (MCMXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Combatants Allies: Serbia, Russia, France, Romania, Belgium, British Empire, United States, Italy, and others Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire Casualties Military dead: 5 million Civilian deaths: 3 million Total of dead: 8 million Military dead: 4 million Civilian deaths: 3 million Total dead: 7 million The First... The Cunard Line formerly Cunard White Star Line is the British cruise line that operates the RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 (QE2) and RMS Queen Mary 2 (QM2) ocean liners. ... 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Claremont Fan Court School

In 1931, a school for girls from Christian Science families moved into Claremont and adopted its name. During the Second World War, the school was evacuated to Llandrindod Wells in Wales, and Claremont was let to the Hawker Aircraft company, whose design team under the irascible genius Sidney Camm produced the Hawker Tempest fighter. 1931 (MCMXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link is to a full 1931 calendar). ... The factual accuracy of this article is disputed. ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... Llandrindod Wells (Welsh: Llandrindod), known locally as Llandod, is a town in mid Wales. ... For an explanation of often confusing terms such as Great Britain, Britain, United Kingdom, England and Wales and England, see British Isles (terminology). ... Hawker-Siddeley was a British aircraft manufacturing company. ... Sir Sydney Camm Sir Sydney Camm (1893–March 12, 1966) was a British aeronautical engineer and is widely known as the designer of the Hawker Hurricane fighter. ... Hawker Tempest II, RAF Museum, Hendon The Hawker Tempest was a Royal Air Force (RAF) fighter aircraft of World War II, an improved derivative of the Hawker Typhoon, and one of the most powerful fighters used in the war. ...

In 1978 Claremont amalgamated with Fan Court School in Chertsey to form Claremont Fan Court School, a co-educational establishment based on the teachings of Christian Science. The school has some 600 pupils aged between three and eighteen. In recent years, the school has seen a decline, closing down its boarding facility and appointing Jonathan Insall-Reid as head of the senior school in September 2005. 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1978 calendar). ... Level crossing at Chertsey, as the barriers rise Chertsey is a town in Surrey, United Kingdom, on the River Thames. ...

The National Trust acquired 50 acres (200,000 m²) of the Claremont estate in 1949. In 1975, with a grant from the Slater Foundation, it set about restoring the magnificent eighteenth-century landscape garden. Now the Claremont Landscape Garden displays the successive contributions of the great landscape gardeners who worked on it: Sir John Vanbrugh, Charles Bridgeman, William Kent and Capability Brown. 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1949 calendar). ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... Sir John Vanbrugh in Godfrey Knellers Kit-cat portrait, considered one of Knellers finest portraits. ... Charles Bridgeman (1690-1738) was an English garden designer in the onset of the naturalistic landscape style. ... William Kent William Kent (born in Bridlington, Yorkshire, c. ... Lancelot Brown (1716 – 6 February 1783), more commonly known as Capability Brown, was an English landscape gardener. ...

In 1996 the school celebrated the National Trust's centenary by opening a feature of the grounds which had not previously been accessible to Landscape Garden visitors: the 281-year-old Belvedere Tower. 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ...

The school's theatre is named after Joyce Grenfell, who also believed in Christian Science. Joyce Grenfell, born February 10, 1910 - died November 30, 1979, was a British film and television actress, comedienne, and singer-songwriter. ... The factual accuracy of this article is disputed. ...