Clark Kerr (May 17, 1911 – December 1, 2003) was the first Chancellor of the University of California, Berkeley (1952–1958) and the 12th President of the University of California (1958–1967). is the 137th day of the year (138th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... is the 335th day of the year (336th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A Chancellor is the head of a university. ... Sather tower (the Campanile) looking out over the San Francisco Bay and Mount Tamalpais. ... 1952 (MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Year 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Berkeley Davis Irvine Los Angeles Merced San Diego Santa Barbara Santa Cruz UC Office of the President in Oakland The University of California (UC) is a public university system in the state of California. ... Year 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (the link is to a full 1967 calendar). ...

Academic background

Kerr earned an A.B. from Swarthmore College in 1932, an M.A. from Stanford University in 1933, and a Ph.D. in economics from UC Berkeley in 1939. In 1945, he became an associate professor of industrial relations and was the founding director of the Institute of Industrial Relations. A B.A. issused as a certificate Bachelor of Arts (B.A., BA or A.B.), from the Latin Artium Baccalaureus is an undergraduate bachelors degree awarded for either a course or a program in the liberal arts or the sciences, or both. ... Swarthmore College is a private, independent, liberal arts college in the United States with an enrollment of about 1,450 students. ... Year 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1932 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly known as Stanford University (or simply Stanford), is a private university located approximately 37 miles (60 kilometers) southeast of San Francisco and approximately 20 miles northwest of San José in Stanford, California. ... 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... Doctor of Philosophy, abbreviated Ph. ... Year 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ...

Chancellor of UC

During the McCarthy era in 1949, the Regents of the University of California adopted an anti-communist loyalty oath to be signed by all University of California employees. Kerr signed the oath, but fought against the firing of those who refused to sign. Kerr gained respect from his stance and was named UC Berkeley's first chancellor when that position was created in 1952. As chancellor, Kerr oversaw the construction of 12 high-rise dormitories and was the Regents' choice for president when the position opened in 1958. McCarthyism, named after Joseph McCarthy, was a period of intense anticommunism, also (popularly) known as the (second) Red Scare, which occurred in the United States from 1948 to about 1956 (or later), when the government of the United States was actively engaged in suppression of the Communist Party USA, its... 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1949 calendar). ... The Regents of the University of California make up the governing board of the University of California. ... Anti-communism is opposition to communist ideology, organization, or government, on either a theoretical or practical level. ... 1952 (MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Year 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

UC President

Kerr's term as UC president saw the opening of campuses in San Diego, Irvine, and Santa Cruz to accommodate the influx of baby boomers. Faced with a dramatic increase of students entering college, Kerr helped establish the now much-copied California system of having the handful of University of California campuses act as 'top tier' research institutions, the more numerous California State University campuses handle the bulk of undergraduate students and the very numerous California Community College campuses provide vocational and transfer-oriented college programs to the masses. (See California Master Plan for Higher Education.) The University of California, San Diego (popularly known as UCSD, or sometimes UC San Diego) is a public, coeducational research university located in La Jolla, a seaside resort community of San Diego, California. ... The University of California, Irvine is a public research university primarily situated in suburban Irvine, California, USA; a significant portion of the campus falls into the neighboring community of Newport Beach. ... The University of California, Santa Cruz, also known as UCSC or UC Santa Cruz, is one of the ten campuses of the University of California. ... A baby boom is any period of greatly increased birth rate within temporal and usually geographical bounds. ... Berkeley Davis Irvine Los Angeles Merced San Diego Santa Barbara Santa Cruz UC Office of the President in Oakland The University of California (UC) is a public university system in the state of California. ... The California State University (CSU) is one of three public higher education systems in the state of California, the other two being the University of California system and the California Community College System. ... The California Community Colleges system consists of 109 community colleges in 72 community college districts in California. ... The California Master Plan for Higher Education of 1960 was developed by Clark Kerr, during the administration of Gov. ...

In 1959, Kerr along with Chancellor Glenn T. Seaborg helped found the Berkeley Space Sciences Laboratory. Glenn T. Seaborg Glenn Theodore Seaborg (April 19, 1912 – February 25, 1999) was an American chemist prominent in the discovery and isolation of ten transuranic elements including plutonium, americium, curium, berkelium, californium, einsteinium, fermium, mendelevium, nobelium and seaborgium, which was named in his honor. ... The Space Sciences Laboratory (SSL) is run by the University of California, Berkeley. ...

1960s student protests

Controversy exploded in 1964 when Berkeley students led the Free Speech Movement in protest of regulations limiting political activities on campus, including protests against the Vietnam war. It culminated in hundreds of arrested students at a sit-in. Kerr’s initial decision was to not expel University of California students that participated in sit-ins off campus. That decision evolved into resistance to expel students who later would protest on campus in a series of escalating events on the Berkeley campus in late 1964. Kerr was criticized both by students for not agreeing to their demands and by conservative UC Regent Edwin Pauley and others for responding too leniently to the student unrest. 1964 (MCMLXIV) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1964 calendar). ... The Free Speech Movement was a student protest which began in 1964 - 1965 on the campus of the University of California, Berkeley under the informal leadership of student Mario Savio and others. ... Opposition to U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War began slowly and in small numbers in 1964 on various college campuses in the United States. ... Edwin Wendell Pauley Sr. ...

CIA's McCone, at Pauley's request, asks Hoover to target anti-war protests at UC Berkeley.

Image File history File links Download high resolution version (580x648, 99 KB) Summary Memo to J. Edgar Hoover regarding a request by CIA Director John McCone for a meeting to discuss anti-war protests on the UC Berkeley campus, in 1965. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (580x648, 99 KB) Summary Memo to J. Edgar Hoover regarding a request by CIA Director John McCone for a meeting to discuss anti-war protests on the UC Berkeley campus, in 1965. ...

CIA and FBI Directors and Ronald Reagan target Kerr for removal

In 2002, the San Francisco Chronicle reported that the FBI had blacklisted Kerr as part of a campaign to suppress people at UC deemed subversive. This information had been classified by the FBI and was only released after a fifteen-year legal battle that went all the way to the US Supreme Court. President Lyndon Johnson had picked Kerr to become secretary of Health, Education and Welfare but withdrew the nomination after the FBI background check on Kerr included damaging information the agency knew to be false. For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is a federal criminal investigative, intelligence agency, and the primary investigative arm of the United States Department of Justice (DOJ). ... Lyndon Baines Johnson (August 27, 1908–January 22, 1973), often referred to as LBJ, was an American politician. ...

Pauley approached the CIA Director John McCone (a Berkeley alum and associate) for assistance. McCone in turn met with FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover.[1] [2] Hoover agreed to supply Pauley with confidential FBI information on "ultra-liberal" regents, faculty members, and students, and to assist in removing Kerr. Pauley received dozens of briefings from the FBI to this end. (See entry on Edwin Pauley for details.) The FBI assisted Pauley and Ronald Reagan in painting Kerr as a dangerous "liberal." Edwin Wendell Pauley Sr. ... John Alexander McCone (January 4, 1902 - February 14, 1991) was an American businessman and politician who served as Director of Central Intelligence during the height of the Cold War. ... John Edgar Hoover (January 1, 1895 – May 2, 1972) was an influential but controversial director of the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). ... Edwin Wendell Pauley Sr. ... Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was the fortieth President of the United States (1981 – 1989) and the thirty-third Governor of California (1967 – 1975). ...

1969 FBI memo re: Ronald Reagan's purge of UC Berkeley, p.1.

1969 FBI memo re: Ronald Reagan's purge of UC Berkeley, p.2.

1969 FBI memo re: Ronald Reagan's purge of UC Berkeley, p.3.

Kerr's perceived leniency was key in Ronald Reagan's election as Governor of California in 1966 and in Kerr's dismissal as president by the university’s Board of Regents in 1967. In response, Kerr stated that he left the university just as he entered it: "fired with enthusiasm". Image File history File links Download high resolution version (580x696, 113 KB) Summary 1969 FBI memo summarizing a meeting with Ronald Reagans Legal Affairs Secretary, Herbert Ellingwood. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (580x696, 113 KB) Summary 1969 FBI memo summarizing a meeting with Ronald Reagans Legal Affairs Secretary, Herbert Ellingwood. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (580x649, 103 KB) Summary {page 2 of 3} 1969 FBI memo summarizing a meeting with Ronald Reagans Legal Affairs Secretary, Herbert Ellingwood. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (580x649, 103 KB) Summary {page 2 of 3} 1969 FBI memo summarizing a meeting with Ronald Reagans Legal Affairs Secretary, Herbert Ellingwood. ... Image File history File links Reagan-Hoover_UCB_memo3. ... Image File history File links Reagan-Hoover_UCB_memo3. ... Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was the fortieth President of the United States (1981 – 1989) and the thirty-third Governor of California (1967 – 1975). ... Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger (left) and Governor Gray Davis (right) with President George W. Bush in 2003 The Governor of California is the highest executive authority in the state government, whose responsibilities include making yearly State of the State addresses to the California State Legislature, submitting the budget, and ensuring that... Year 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. ... 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (the link is to a full 1967 calendar). ...

Kerr’s second memoir, The Gold and the Blue: A Personal Memoir of the University of California, 1949-1967 Volume Two: Political Turmoil details what he refers to as his greatest blunders in dealing with the Free Speech Movement that ultimately led to his firing. Berkeley Davis Irvine Los Angeles Merced San Diego Santa Barbara Santa Cruz UC Office of the President in Oakland The University of California (UC) is a public university system in the state of California. ... The Free Speech Movement was a student protest which began in 1964 - 1965 on the campus of the University of California, Berkeley under the informal leadership of student Mario Savio and others. ...

Life after Berkeley

Following his firing, Kerr served on the Carnegie Commission on Higher Education until 1973 and was chairman of the Carnegie Council on Policy Studies in Higher Education from 1974–1979. Year 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. ... 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ...

In 1986, the Clark Kerr Campus of UC Berkeley opened, named in honor of Kerr. A few blocks from the main campus, it includes residences and sports practice facilities. The Spanish-style residential complex houses 700 students and features landscaped gardens and a conference center. It had previously been the California School for the Deaf and Blind, but the University acquired it after a court battle and it was condemned as seismically unsafe. Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... The University of California, Berkeley has various student housing facilities, some run by the office of Residential and Student Service Programs, and others by off-campus entities. ... The California School for the Blind is a public educational institution for blind children, K-12, located in Fremont, California. ...

Kerr died in his sleep following complications from a fall at age 92.

The Clark Kerr Medal is named in his honor. Clark Kerr Medal or the Clark Kerr Award for Distinguished Leadership in Higher Education is an award given to a person who has made an exlempary contribution to the advancement of higher education. ...

Trivia

Kerr Hall on the campus of UC Davis, on top of which is the antenna for KDVS, is named for Clark Kerr. The University of California, Davis, commonly abbreviated to UC Davis or UCD is one of the ten University of California campuses. ... KDVS is a freeform, 9,200 watt, community radio station in Davis, California. ...

Kerr Hall on the campus of UC Santa Cruz is also named for Clark Kerr.[3] The University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC or UC Santa Cruz) is a coeducational public university located in Santa Cruz, California. ...

External links

• U.C. Berkeley news release
• San Francisco Chronicle, "Reagan, Hoover, and the UC Red Scare," 9 June, 2002.
• AP obituary
• NPR All Things Considered - Educator Clark Kerr Dies at 92
• account of secret files of the FBI on Kerr, and Kerr's ouster.

References

• Kerr, Clark, The Gold and the Blue: A Personal Memoir of the University of California, 1949-1967
• Kerr, Clark, The Uses of the University
• Burress, Charles. "The Long, Hard Years at Berkley; Second Volume of Clark Kerr’s Memoir Covers Politics and ‘Blunders’” San Francisco Chronicle 9 Feb. 2003, Sunday Review Pg. 1.
• “UC Won’t Expel Sit-in Students” Los Angeles Times 6 May 1964, Pg. 8.
• “The Arrests at Berkley” New York Times 5 Dec. 1964, Pg 30.