Claude Lorrain.

Claude Lorrain aka Claude Gellée aka Le Lorrain (Lorraine, c. 1600 – Rome, November 21 or November 23, 1682), a French artist of the Baroque era who was active in Italy, is admired for his achievements in landscape painting. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (740x894, 227 KB) description: Claude Gellée, dit le Lorrain source: http://bpun. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (740x894, 227 KB) description: Claude Gellée, dit le Lorrain source: http://bpun. ... Lorraine coat of arms location of the Lorraine province Lorraine (French: Lorraine; German: Lothringen) is a historical area in present-day northeast France. ... 1600 was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Nickname: Motto: SPQR: Senatus Populusque Romanus Location of the city of Rome (yellow) within the Province of Rome (red) and region of Lazio (grey) Coordinates: Region Lazio Province Province of Rome Founded 21 April 753 BC Government  - Mayor Walter Veltroni Area  - City 1,285 km²  (580 sq mi)  - Urban 5... is the 325th day of the year (326th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 327th day of the year (328th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events March 11 – Chelsea hospital for soldiers is founded in England May 6 - Louis XIV of France moves his court to Versailles. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ... For other uses, see Baroque (disambiguation). ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Biography

Early years

Lorrain the second was born into poverty in the village of Chamagne, Vosges in Lorraine. He was one of five children. His actual name was Claude Gellée, but he is better known by the province in which he was born. Orphaned by age of twelve, he went to live at Freiburg with an elder brother, Jean Gellée, a woodcarver. He afterwards went to Rome to seek a livelihood and then to Naples, where he apprenticed for two years under Godfrey Waals. He returned to Rome in April 1625 and was apprenticed to Augustin Tassi. He apparently was able to tour in Italy, France and Germany, including his native Lorraine, suffering numerous misadventures. Karl Dervent, painter to the duke of Lorraine, kept him as assistant for a year; and at Nancy he painted architectural subjects on the ceiling of the Carmelite church. Coat-of-arms of Chamagne Chamagne is a commune of the Vosges département, in France. ... Lorraine coat of arms location of the Lorraine province Lorraine (French: Lorraine; German: Lothringen) is a historical area in present-day northeast France. ... This article refers to the city in Baden-Württemberg. ... Nickname: Motto: SPQR: Senatus Populusque Romanus Location of the city of Rome (yellow) within the Province of Rome (red) and region of Lazio (grey) Coordinates: Region Lazio Province Province of Rome Founded 21 April 753 BC Government  - Mayor Walter Veltroni Area  - City 1,285 km²  (580 sq mi)  - Urban 5... For other uses see, Naples (disambiguation) and Napoli (disambiguation) Location of the city of Naples (red dot) within Italy. ... Events March 27 - Prince Charles Stuart becomes King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. ... Agostino Tassi (1578‑1644) was an Italian painter, mostly of landscapes and seascapes. ...

Seaport (Villa Medici) by Claude Lorrain (1637).

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Mature works

In 1627 Lorrain returned to Rome. Here, two landscapes made for Cardinal Bentivoglio earned him the patronage of Pope Urban VIII. From about 1637 he rapidly achieved fame as a painter of landscapes and seascapes. He apparently befriended his fellow Frenchman Nicolas Poussin; together they would travel the Roman Campagna, sketching landscapes. Though both have been called landscape painters, in Poussin the landscape is a background to the figures; where as for Lorrain, despite figures in one corner of the canvas, the true subjects are the land, the sea, and the air. By report, he often engaged other artists to paint the figures for him, including Courtois and Filippo Lauri. He remarked to those purchasing his pictures that he sold them the landscape; the figures were gratis. Guido Cardinal Bentivoglio. ... Pope Urban VIII (April 1568 – July 29, 1644), born Maffeo Barberini, was Pope from 1623 to 1644. ... Events February 3 - Tulipmania collapses in Netherlands by government order February 15 - Ferdinand III becomes Holy Roman Emperor December 17 - Shimabara Rebellion erupts in Japan Pierre de Fermat makes a marginal claim to have proof of what would become known as Fermats last theorem. ... Les Bergers d’Arcadie, set in Ancient Greece. ... The Roman Campagna (Italian: campagna romana) is a low-lying area surrounding Rome in the Lazio region of central Italy, with an area of approximately 2,100 km² (800 m²). Geographically, it is bordered by the Sabini mountains to the northeast, the Alban Hills to the southeast, on the southwest... Jacques Courtois (1621 - May 20, 1676?) was a French painter. ... Filippo Lauri (Rome, 25 August 1623 - 12 December 1694) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period. ...

In order to avoid repetition of subjects, and also to expose the many spurious copies of his works, he made tinted outline drawings (in six paper books prepared for this purpose) of all those pictures sent to different countries; and on the back of each drawing he wrote the name of the purchaser. These volumes he named the Liber Veritatis (Book of Truth). This valuable work, engraved and published, has always been highly esteemed by students of the art of landscape. Claude, who suffered much from gout, died in Rome at the age of eighty-two, on either 21 November or 23 November 1682, leaving his considerable wealth between his only surviving relatives, a nephew and an adopted daughter (possibly his niece). is the 325th day of the year (326th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 327th day of the year (328th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events March 11 – Chelsea hospital for soldiers is founded in England May 6 - Louis XIV of France moves his court to Versailles. ...

Critical assessment and legacy

In Rome, not until the mid-17th century, were landscapes deemed fit for serious painting. Northern Europeans, such as the Germans Elsheimer and Brill, had made such views pre-eminent in some of their paintings (as well as Da Vinci in his private drawings[1]or Baldassarre Peruzzi in his decorative frescoes of vedute); but not until Annibale Carracci and his pupil Domenichino do we see landscape become the focus of a canvas by a major Italian artist. Even with the latter two, as with Lorrain, the stated themes of the paintings were mythic or religious. Landscape as a subject was distinctly unclassical and secular. The former quality was not consonant with Renaissance art, which boasted its rivalry with the work of the ancients. The second quality had less public patronage in Counter-Reformation Rome, which prized subjects worthy of "high painting," typically religious or mythic scenes. Pure landscape, like pure still-life or genre painting, reflected an aesthetic viewpoint regarded as lacking in moral seriousness. Rome, the theological and philosophical center of 17th century Italian art, was not quite ready for such a break with tradition. Paul (1554-1626) and Mattheus (1550-1583) Brill (or Bril) were brothers, both born in Antwerp, who were landscape painters who worked in Rome after earning papal favor. ... Leonardo redirects here. ... Baldassare Tommaso Peruzzi (7 March 1481—6 January 1537) was an architect and painter, born at Siena and died at Rome. ... Vedute (italian: view) ist a specific style painting objects. ... Self-portrait, (Uffizi) Annibale Carracci (November 3, 1560 - July 15, 1609) was an Italian Baroque painter. ... Domenico Zampieri (or Domenichino) (October 21, 1581 - April 15, 1641), Italian painter, born at Bologna, was the son of a shoemaker. ...

In this matter of the importance of landscape, Lorrain was prescient. Living in a pre-Romantic era, he did not depict those uninhabited panoramas that were to be esteemed in later centuries, such as with Salvatore Rosa. He painted a pastoral world of fields and valleys not distant from castles and towns. If the ocean horizon is represented, it is from the setting of a busy port. Perhaps to feed the public need for paintings with noble themes, his pictures include demigods, heroes and saints, even though his abundant drawings and sketchbooks prove that he was more interested in scenography. 123456789 Salvator Rosa (1615 - March 15, 1673) was an Italian painter and poet of the Neapolitan school. ...

Lorrain was described as kind to his pupils and hard-working; keenly observant, but an unlettered man until his death. The painter Joachim von Sandrart is an authority for Claude's life (Academia Artis Pictoriae, 1683); Baldinucci, who obtained information from some of Claude's immediate survivors, relates various incidents to a different effect (Notizie dei professoni del disegno). Joachim von Sandrart, self portrait c. ... Filippo Baldinucci (1625—1697), Italian writer on the history of the arts, was born at Florence. ...

Landscape with Apollo and Mercury (1645).

Seaport (1674).

Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2536x3253, 1146 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Claude Lorrain ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2536x3253, 1146 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Claude Lorrain ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2024x1503, 331 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Claude Lorrain ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2024x1503, 331 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Claude Lorrain ...

Selected works

• Landscape with Merchants (The Shipwreck) (1630) - National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.
• Landscape with Goatherd (1636) - National Gallery, London
• The Ford (1636) - Metropolitan Museum, NY)
• Port with Villa Medici (1637) - Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence
• Finding of Moses (1638) - Oil on canvas, 209 x 138 cm, Museo del Prado, Madrid
• Pastoral Landscape, (1638) Minneapolis Institute of Arts
• Seaport (1639) - National Gallery, London
• Seaport at Sunset (Odysseus) (1639) - Oil on canvas, 119 x 150 cm, Musée du Louvre, Paris
• View of Campagna (c. 1639) - Oil on canvas, 101.6 x 135.9 cm, Royal Collections
• Embarkation of Saint Paula Romana at Ostia (1639) - Oil on canvas, 211 x 145 cm, Museo del Prado, Madrid
• The Embarkation of St. Ursula (1641) - National Gallery, London
• Embarkation of the Queen of Sheba (1648) - National Gallery, London)
• The Disembarkation of Cleopatra at Tarsus (1642) - oil on canvas, Musée du Louvre, Paris.
• The Disembarkation of Cleopatra at Tarsus (1642-43) - Oil on canvas, 119 x 170 cm, Musée du Louvre, Paris
• The Trojan Women Setting Fire to their Fleet - (Metropolitan Museum, NY).
• Brook and Two Bridges - Oil on canvas, 74 x 58 cm,
• Voyage of Jacob
• The Angel's Visit
• View of the Church Santa Trinità Dei Monti - drawing, Hermitage, St. Petersburg
• Seaport with Castle - Howard University Gallery of Art, Washington D.C.
• View of Tivoli at Sunset (1644) - San Francisco Museum of Art
• Mercury Stealing Apollo's Oxen (1645) - Oil on canvas, 55 x 45 cm, Galleria Doria-Pamphilj, Rome
• Landscape with Cephalus and Procris reunited by Diana (1645) - Oil on canvas, 102 x 132 cm, National Gallery, London
• The Judgement of Paris (1645-46) - National Gallery of Art at Washington D.C.
• Sunrise (1646-47) - Metropolitan Museum, New York
• Marriage of Isaac and Rebekah (1648) - National Gallery, London
• Landscape with Paris and Oenone (1648) - Oil on canvas, 119 x 150 cm, Musée du Louvre, Paris
• View of La Crescenza (1648-50) - Oil on canvas, 38.7 x 58.1 cm, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
• Landscape with Dancing Figures (The Mill) (1648) - Oil on canvas, 150,6 x 197,8 cm, Galleria Doria-Pamphili, Rome
• View of La Crescenza (1648-50) Metropolitan Museum, New York
• The Rest on the Flight into Egypt (1651 or 1661) - Oil on canvas, 113 x 157cm, The Hermitage, St. Petersburg.
• 'Landscape with Acis and Galatea (1657) - Oil on canvas, 100 x 135 cm, Gemäldegalerie, Dresden
• Landscape with Apollo and Mercury (1660) - Oil on canvas, 74,5 x 110,5 cm, Wallace Collection, London
• Landscape with a dance (The Marriage of Isaac and Rebeccah (1663) - Drawing[2]
• Coast Scene with the Rape of Europa (1667) - Oil on canvas, 134,6 x 101,6 cm, Royal Collection, London
• The Expulsion of Hagar (1668) - Oil on canvas, 107 x 140 cm, Alte Pinakothek, Munich
• Seaport (1674) - Oil on canvas, 72 x 96 cm, Alte Pinakothek, Munich
• Ascanius Shooting the Stag of Silvia (1682) - Ashmolean Museum, Oxford.
• View of a Seaport - The Huntington Library, San Marino, CA

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Claude Lorrain

The West building of the National Gallery of Art with the East building visible behind and to to the left The National Gallery of Art is an art museum, located on the National Mall in Washington, D.C. The museum was established in 1937 by the Congress, with funds for... The Uffizi Gallery (Italian Galleria degli Uffizi) is a palace or palazzo in Florence, holding one of the most famous museums in the world. ... This article is about the city in Italy. ... The Minneapolis Institute of Arts is an art museum located in Minneapolis, Minnesota. ... Bold text The Museo del Prado is a famous museum and art gallery located in Madrid; the capital of Spain. ... Motto: (Spanish for From Madrid to Heaven) Location Coordinates: , Country Spain Autonomous Community Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid Province Madrid Administrative Divisions 21 Neighborhoods 127 Founded 9th century Government  - Mayor Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón Jimémez (PP) Area  - Land 607 km² (234. ... Londons National Gallery, founded in 1824, houses a rich collection of over 2,300 paintings dating from the mid-13th century to 1900 in its home on Trafalgar Square. ... Londons National Gallery, founded in 1824, houses a rich collection of over 2,300 paintings dating from the mid-13th century to 1900 in its home on Trafalgar Square. ... Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...

Further reading

Michael Kitson, Claude Lorrain, Liber veritatis (British Museum Publications, London, 1978) ISBN-10 0714107484 Michael William Lely Kitson (born Ealing, Middlesex, on 30 January 1926, died Islington, London, 7 August 1998) was an English art historian. ...

See also

• Black mirror

Painting by Claude Lorrain (1655-1660) shows the gradation of tone that artists hoped to emulate with the help of a Claude glass. ...

External links

• Web Gallery of Art

• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.