In the United States, the Clayton Anti-trust Act of 1914 (codified as 15 U.S.C. §§ 12-27) was enacted to remedy deficiencies in antitrust law created under the Sherman Anti-trust Act(1890) that allowed corporations to dissolve labor unions. The Clayton Act prohibits: 1914 (MCMXIV) is a common year starting on Thursday. ... It has been suggested that competition law be merged into this article or section. ... The Sherman Antitrust Act was the first government action to limit trusts (A combination of firms or corporations who agree not to lower prices below a certain rate for the purpose of reducing competition and controlling prices throughout a business or an industry). ... A union (labor union in American English; trade union, sometimes trades union, in British English; either labour union or trade union in Canadian English) is a legal entity consisting of employees or workers having a common interest, such as all the assembly workers for one employer, or all the workers...

• price discrimination between different purchasers if such discrimination substantially lessens competition or tends to create a monopoly in any line of commerce. (Section 2)
• sales on the condition that the buyer not deal with the seller's competitors. (Section 3)
• mergers and acquisitions where the effect may substantially lessen competition. (Section 7)
• any person from being a director of two or more competing corporations. (Section 8)

The Clayton Act empowers private parties injured by violations of the Act to sue for treble damages under Section 4 and injunctive relief under Section 16.

The Clayton Act is enforced by the Federal Trade Commission and the Antitrust Division of the U.S. Department of Justice. FTC headquarters, Washington, D.C. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is an Independent Agency of the United States Government, established in 1914. ... Justice Department redirects here. ...

Section 6 of the act exempts labor unions and agricultural organizations. Therefore, boycotts, peaceful strikes, and peaceful picketing are not regulated by this statute. Injunctions could be used to settle labor disputes only when property damage was threatened. A union (labor union in American English; trade union, sometimes trades union, in British English; either labour union or trade union in Canadian English) is a legal entity consisting of employees or workers having a common interest, such as all the assembly workers for one employer, or all the workers... A boycott is a refusal to buy, sell, or otherwise trade with an individual or business who is generally believed by the participants in the boycott to be doing something morally wrong. ... Employees of the BBC form a picket line during a strike in May 2005. ...

See also

• Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act
• United States v. Continental Can Co.
• Sherman Antitrust Act

mergers and acquisitions where the effect may substantially lessen competition, no company may hold more than 30% of a horizontal market. (Section 7) The Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, Pub. ... Holding Section 7 of the Clayton Act, which prohibits a corporation from aquiring another company when it results in a substantial reduction in competition, applies to competition between different industries for the same end user market. ... The Sherman Anti-Trust Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1, was the first United States federal government action to limit the monopolies which trust companies held over the economy. ...

External links

• Brief History of the Federal Trade Commission (PDF)