Cleft lip and cleft palate | ICD-10 | Q35-Q37 | | ICD-9 | 749 | -
Cleft is a congenital deformity caused by a failure in facial development during gestation. It can be treated with surgery shortly after birth with highly successful results. Cleft occurs in somewhere between one in 600 and one in 800 births. Cleft occurs in several severities and is divided in two major categories: cleft lip and cleft palate. The term hare lip or hair lip are sometimes used to describe the condition because of the resemblance of a hare's lip; they are however quite derogaratory and old fashioned. The following codes are used with International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. ...
The following is a list of codes for International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. ...
Cleft may refer to the following: cleft lip congenital deformity A location from the Myst series: The Cleft A clef is a term in musical notation This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
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Gestation is the carrying of an embryo or fetus inside a female viviparous animal. ...
A thoracic surgeon performs a mitral valve replacement at the Fitzsimons Army Medical Center, November 1990. ...
A cleft is a separation in a body structure. Clefts that occur in the oral-facial region often involve the lip, the roof of the mouth (hard palate) or the soft tissue in the back of the mouth (soft palate). Two major types of oral-facial clefts are cleft lip/palate and isolated cleft palate. A womans lips with various kinds of lipstick applied. ...
The palate is the roof of the mouth in humans and vertebrate animals. ...
A microform cleft is a very minor cleft where no surgery is required to correct it. A microform cleft can appear as small as a little dent in the red part of the lip or look like a scar. Joaquin Phoenix for example has a microform cleft (see famous people with a cleft below). Joaquin Rafael Phoenix (pronounced ) (born October 28, 1974 in San Juan, Puerto Rico), once also known as Leaf Phoenix, is an Academy Award nominated and Golden Globe Award-winning, American actor. ...
Cleft lip If only skin tissue is affected one speaks of cleft lip.
Cleft lip is formed in the upper lip as either a small gap or dent in the lip (partial or incomplete cleft) or continues into the nose (complete cleft). Lip cleft can occur as one sided (unilateral) or two sided (bilateral).
 Unilateral incomplete |
 Unilateral complete |
 Bilateral complete |
 Right sided unilateral cleft lip Image File history File links Unilateral incomplete cleft lip (left side) Image made by myself File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Image File history File links Unilateral complete cleft lip (left side) Image made by myself File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Image File history File links Bilateral complete cleft lip (left side) Image made by myself File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2080x1544, 706 KB) Summary This is a picture of a 19 month old male child with unilateral cleft lip, right sided, taken by me with consent from the childs parents. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2080x1544, 706 KB) Summary This is a picture of a 19 month old male child with unilateral cleft lip, right sided, taken by me with consent from the childs parents. ...
Cleft palate Cleft palate is a condition in which the two plates of the skull that form the hard palate (roof of the mouth) are not completely joined. The soft palate is in these cases cleft as well. In most cases, cleft lip is also present. A hippopotamus skull A skull, or cranium, is a bony structure of Craniates which serves as the general framework for a head. ...
The hard palate is a thin horizontal bony plate of the skull, located in the roof of the mouth. ...
The soft palate, or velum, is the soft tissue comprising the back of the roof of the mouth. ...
Palate cleft can occur as complete (soft and hard palate, possibly including a gap in the jaw) or incomplete (a 'hole' in the roof of the mouth, usually as a cleft soft palate). When cleft palate occurs, the uvula is usually split. The uvula is a small cone-shaped mass of tissue hanging down from the soft palate, near the back of the throat. ...
 Unilateral complete lip and palate |
 Bilateral complete lip and palate |
 Incomplete cleft palate
| Image File history File links Summary Unilateral cleft lip and palate. ...
Image File history File links Summary Bilateral cleft lip and palate. ...
Image File history File links Summary cleft palate. ...
Causes
During the first six to eight weeks of pregnancy, the shape of the embryo's head is formed. Five tissues grow: one from the back of the neck over the top of the head down towards the upper lip, two from the cheeks and meet the first layer to form the upper lip and two from each side form the chin and lower lip. If these tissues fail to meet, a gap appears where the tissues should have joined.
The cause of cleft lip and cleft palate formation is genetic in nature. A specific gene that increases three-fold the occurrence of these deformities has been identified in 2004 as reported by the BBC [1]. If a person is born with a cleft, the chances of that person having a child with a cleft, given no other obvious factor, rises to 7 in 100 (instead of 1 in 700). Folic acid reduces the odds slightly. Folic acid and folate (the anion form) are forms of a water-soluble B vitamin. ...
Clefting seems to be at least in part related to ethnicity, occurring most often among Asians, Latinos and Native Americans (1 in 500), next most often among persons of European ethnicity (1 in 700) and least often among persons of African ethnicity (1 in 1,000).
In some cases, cleft palate is caused by syndromes which also cause other problems. Stickler's Syndrome can cause cleft lip and palate, joint pain, and myopia. Many clefts run in families, even though there does not seem to be any identifiable syndrome present. Sticklers Syndrome or David-Stickler syndrome or Stickler-Wagner syndrome is a common but little known genetic disorder, which affects the bodys collagen (connective tissue). ...
Stickler's syndrome has a range of signs and symptoms, including:
Normal vision. ...
Retinal detachment is a disorder of the eye in which the retina peels away from its underlying layer of support tissue. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Therapy Within the first 6 months after birth, surgery is performed to close the gap in the lip. Most large hospitals have a Cleft or Craniofacial team of specialists to treat children and aid parents. Often an incomplete cleft requires the same surgery as complete cleft. This is done for two reasons. Firstly the group of muscles required to purse your lips run through the upper lip. In order to restore the complete group a full incision must be made. Secondly, to create a less obvious scar the surgeon tries to line up the scar with the natural lines in the upper lip (such as the edges of the philtrum) and tuck away stiches as far up the nose as possible. Incomplete cleft gives the surgeon more tissue to work with, creating a more supple and natural looking upper lip. Cleft palate also can be corrected by surgery, usually performed between 9 and 18 months. Combinations of surgery methods and repeated surgeries are often necessary as the child grows. A thoracic surgeon performs a mitral valve replacement at the Fitzsimons Army Medical Center, November 1990. ...
A craniofacial team is a team of medical specialists to treat children (sometimes adults) with facial deformities like lip cleft or palate cleft. ...
A top-down view of skeletal muscle Muscle is contractile tissue of the body and is derived from the mesodermal layer of embryonic germ cells. ...
A human face, with the philtrum in the yellow box. ...
A thoracic surgeon performs a mitral valve replacement at the Fitzsimons Army Medical Center, November 1990. ...
Complications Cleft may cause problems with feeding (see also Haberman Feeder), ear disease, and speech. Some of the primary and permanent teeth may also be missing. When the lip is cleft, the person may face social stigma. Bottle with Haberman feeder The Haberman feeder is a speciality bottle named after its inventor Mandy Haberman for babies with impaired sucking ability (for example due cleft or palate or Mobius syndrome). ...
Controversy In some countries cleft lip or palate deformity are either tolerated or officially sanctioned reasons to perform abortion beyond the legal fetal age limit, even though the fetus is not in jeopardy of life or limb. Some human rights activists contend this practice of "cosmetic murder" amounts to Nazi eugenics. A London clergywoman, who suffered from a congenital jaw deformity herself (not a cleft lip or palate as is sometimes reported), has started legal action to stop the practice in England as reported by CNN.[2] and the BBC [3] Fetus at eight weeks A fetus (alternatively foetus or fœtus) is an embryo in later stages of development, from the third month of pregnancy until birth in humans. ...
Fetus at eight weeks Foetus redirects here. ...
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London is the capital city of the United Kingdom and of England and is the most populous city in the European Union. ...
Famous people with a cleft It is a popular belief Joaquin Phoenix has a cleft lip. The mark on his lip is a miniform, an almost cleft that healed itself in utero. If the tissues joined up just enough to create correct bone and muscle tissues, no corrective surgery is required, as is the case with Joaquin Phoenix. Tom Brokaw Thomas John Brokaw (born February 6, 1940) is a television journalist and the former NBC News anchorman and managing editor of the program NBC Nightly News with Tom Brokaw. ...
Carmit Bachar Carmit Bachar (born September 4, 1974) is an American singer/dancer of the modern burlesque pop group, The Pussycat Dolls. ...
E. Charlton Fortune (1885-1969} was a famous California artist who flourished on the Monterey Peninsula of California within the style of Impressionism. ...
Jürgen Habermas Jürgen Habermas (born June 18, 1929 in Düsseldorf) is a German philosopher, political scientist and sociologist in the tradition of critical theory, best known for his concept of the public sphere. ...
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Doc Holliday dental school graduation photo, age 20, 1872 John Henry Doc Holliday (August 14, 1851 – November 8, 1887) was an American dentist, gambler and gunfighter of the Old West frontier, who is usually remembered for his associations with Wyatt Earp and the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral. ...
Jesse Jackson Jesse Louis Jackson (born October 8, 1941) is an American politician, civil rights activist, and Baptist minister. ...
Stacy Keach (born June 2, 1941) is an American actor and narrator. ...
The Rev. ...
Cheech Marin Cheech Marin (born Richard Anthony Marin on July 13, 1946), is a comedian and actor. ...
Rita MacNeil (born May 28, 1944 in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia) is a Canadian country and folk singer. ...
Robards in Once Upon a Time in the West (1968) Jason Nelson Robards Jr. ...
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Pharaoh (Arabic Ùرعون ) (Hebrew פַּרְעֹה ); is a title used to refer to the kings (of godly status) in ancient Egypt. ...
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Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865), sometimes called Abe Lincoln and nicknamed the Rail Splitter, Honest Abe and the Great Emancipator, was the 16th President of the United States (1861 to 1865), and the first president from the Republican Party. ...
Joaquin Rafael Phoenix (pronounced ) (born October 28, 1974 in San Juan, Puerto Rico), once also known as Leaf Phoenix, is an Academy Award nominated and Golden Globe Award-winning, American actor. ...
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Cleft lip and palate in animals Cleft lips and palates are occasionally seen in dogs and rarely in cats and ferrets. Most commonly, the defect involves the lip, rhinarium, and premaxilla. Clefts of the hard and soft palate are sometimes seen with a cleft lip. Difficulty with nursing is the most common problem associated with clefts, but aspiration pneumonia may be seen with a cleft palate. Providing nutrition through a feeding tube is often necessary, but corrective surgery can be done by the age of twelve weeks. Brachycephalic dogs such as Boxers and Boston Terriers are most commonly affected.[1] Trinomial name Canis lupus familiaris (Linnaeus, 1758) Puppy redirects here. ...
Trinomial name Felis silvestris catus (Linnaeus, 1758) The cat, also called the domestic cat or house cat, is a small feline carnivorous mammal of the subspecies Felis silvestris catus. ...
Trinomial name Mustela putorius furo (Linnaeus, 1758) In general use, a ferret is a domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo), a creature first bred from the wild European polecat or steppe polecat at least 2,500 years ago. ...
The rhinarium is that wet naked surface around the nostrils of the nose in most mammals. ...
The premaxilla is a pair of small bones at the very tip of the jaws of many animals, usually bearing teeth, but not always. ...
Aspiration pneumonia is a specific form of lung infection (pneumonia) that develops when oral or gastric contents (including food, saliva, or nasal secretions) enter the bronchial tree. ...
A feeding tube is a medical device used to provide nutrition to patients who cannot do so via the normal oral route. ...
The cephalic index is the ratio of the maximum breadth of the head to its maximum length (i. ...
Boxers are a breed of stocky, medium-sized, short-haired dog with a smooth fawn or brindled coat and square-jawed muzzle. ...
The Boston Terrier is a breed of dog originating in the United States of America. ...
 Cleft lip in a Boxer with premaxillary involvement
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2592x1944, 1915 KB) Summary Cleft lip in a six week old Boxer puppy. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2592x1944, 1915 KB) Summary Cleft lip in a six week old Boxer puppy. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2592x1944, 2000 KB) Summary Cleft lip with associated malformation of the premaxilla in a six week old Boxer. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2592x1944, 2000 KB) Summary Cleft lip with associated malformation of the premaxilla in a six week old Boxer. ...
References - ^ Ettinger, Stephen J.;Feldman, Edward C. (1995). Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 4th ed., W.B. Saunders Company. ISBN 0721667953.
See also Bottle with Haberman feeder The Haberman feeder is a speciality bottle named after its inventor Mandy Haberman for babies with impaired sucking ability (for example due cleft or palate or Mobius syndrome). ...
Van Der Woude syndrome consists of the following characteristics: cleft lip and palate, missing teeth and lip pits. ...
Popliteal pterygium syndrome (PPS) is an inherited condition affecting the face, limbs, and genitalia. ...
The Smile Train is an international charity which helps children suffering from cleft lip and palate. ...
Interplast is the first international humanitarian organization to provide free reconstructive surgery in developing countries, primarily children with cleft lip and palate and burn contracture. ...
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery is a recognized international training course in specialised medicine, which requires a minimum length of formation of 5 years for a basic medical training and 4 years for a basic medical and dental training, in the European Union, and one of the 9 dental specialties recognized...
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