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Encyclopedia > Clericis laicos

Clericis laicos was a Papal bull issued on February 25, 1296 by Pope Boniface VIII in an attempt to prevent the secular states of Europe, in particular France and England, from appropriating church revenues without the express prior permission of the pope. Papal bull of Pope Urban VIII, 1637, sealed with a leaden bulla. ... February 25 is the 56th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events April 27 - Battle of Dunbar: The Scots are defeated by Edward I of England. ... Boniface VIII, né Benedetto Caetani (Anagni, ca. ... Royal motto: Dieu et mon droit (French: God and my right) Englands location within the UK Official language English de facto Capital London de facto Largest city London Area - Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population - Total (mid-2004) - Density Ranked 1st UK 50. ...


The bull's wording decreed that all prelates or other ecclesiastical superiors who under whatsoever pretext or color shall, without authority from the Holy See, pay to laymen any part of their income or of the revenue of the Church, likewise all emperors, kings, dukes, counts, etc. who shall exact or receive such payments, incur eo ipso the sentence of excommunication. eo ipso is a technical term used in philosophy. ...


Apologists for the papacy of Boniface VIII writing in the Catholic Encyclopedia interpreted this wording as expressing two underlying principles of this Bull:

  1. That the clergy should enjoy equally with the laity the right of determining the need and the amount of their subsidies to the Crown;
  2. That the head of the Church ought to be consulted when there was question of diverting the revenues of the Church to secular purposes.

The reader may judge the accuracy of this representation of Clericis laicos. Catholic writers have claimed that these were by no means strange or novel at the time. Outside of France and England there was no secular authority strong enough to resist these Papal claims, and the bull was generally accepted. But what excited the wrath of its two main groups of antagonists, the ministers of Philip IV of France and of Edward I of England, was that by its aggressive tone, from the express mention of sovereigns, and the grave penalties attached, they felt that behind the decree there stood a new Pope Gregory VII, resolved to enforce it to the letter. Philippe IV, recumbent statue on his tomb, Royal Necropolis, Saint Denis Basilica Philip IV (French: Philippe IV; 1268–November 29, 1314) was King of France from 1285 until his death. ... King Edward I of England (June 17, 1239 – July 7, 1307), popularly known as Longshanks because of his 6 foot 2 inch frame and the Hammer of the Scots (his tombstone, in Latin, read, Hic est Edwardvs Primus Scottorum Malleus, Here lies Edward I, Hammer of the Scots), achieved fame... Gregory VII, né Hildebrand (ca. ...


The Bull was criticized for the unconventional vehemence of its tone, for its exaggerated indictment of the hostile attitude of the laity of all ages towards the clergy, and for its failure to make clear the distinction between the revenues of the purely ecclesiastical benefices and the "lay fees" held by the clergy on feudal tenure. The unscrupulous advisers of Philip were quick to take advantage of the Pope's hasty language and, by forcing him to make explanations, put him on the defensive and weakened his prestige. Defining feudalism is difficult because there is no generally accepted agreement on what it means. ...


  Results from FactBites:
 
Unam sanctam - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (986 words)
Boniface's stringent reaction was the fierce bull Clericis laicos of 1296.
In England, Edward I withdrew the protection of the English Common Law from the clergy, an action with fearful possibilities.
Then, at the end of the year, Boniface, with his customary tactlessness having criticized Philip for his personal behavior and the unscrupulousness of his ministry (that being an assessment with which many modern historians would agree), summoned a council of French bishops for November 1302, intended to reform Church matters in France— at Rome.
  More results at FactBites »


 
 

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