Clostridium acetobutylicum (C. acetobutylicum) is a commercially valuable bacterium, included in the genus Clostridium. It is called the "Weizmann Organism", after Chaim Weizmann (or Charles in the USA), who in 1916 helped discover how C. acetobutylicum culture could be used to produce acetone, butanol and ethanol from starch using the A.B.E. ( Acetone, Butanol,Ethanol) process to enable industrial purposes such as gunpowder and TNT production. The A.B.E. process was an industry standard until the 1950's when low oil costs drove more efficient processes based on hydrocarbon cracking and petroleum distillation techniques. C. acetobutylicum also produces acetic acid (vinegar), butyric acid (a vomitous smelling substance), carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ... Phyla/Divisions Actinobacteria Aquificae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chlamydiae/Verrucomicrobia Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Nitrospirae Omnibacteria Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Bacteria (singular, bacterium) are a major group of living organisms. ... Classes Bacilli Clostridia Mollicutes The Firmicutes are a group of bacteria, most of which have Gram-positive stains. ... Orders Clostridiales Halanaerobiales Thermoanaerobacteriales The Clostridia are a group of Firmicutes, including Clostridium and other similar genera. ... Orders Clostridiales Halanaerobiales Thermoanaerobacteriales The Clostridia are a group of Firmicutes, including Clostridium and other similar genera. ... Genera Acetanaerobacterium Acetivibrio Acidaminobacter Alkaliphilus Anaerobacter Anaerotruncus Anoxynatronum Bryantella Caldanaerocella Caloramator Caloranaerobacter Caminicella Candidatus Arthromitus Clostridium Coprobacillus Dorea Ethanologenbacterium Faecalibacterium Garciella Guggenheimella Hespellia Linmingia Natronincola Oxobacter Parasporobacterium Sarcina Soehngenia Sporobacter Subdoligranulum Tepidibacter Tepidimicrobium Thermobrachium Thermohalobacter Tindallia The Clostridiaceae are a family of the Clostridia, and contains the Clostridium genus. ... Species Clostridium acetobutylicum Clostridium aerotolerans Clostridium botulinum Clostridium colicanis Clostridium difficile Clostridium formicaceticum Clostridium novyi Clostridium perfringens Clostridium tetani Clostridium is a genus of Gram positive anaerobic spore-forming bacteria. ... Phyla/Divisions Actinobacteria Aquificae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chlamydiae/Verrucomicrobia Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Nitrospirae Omnibacteria Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Bacteria (singular, bacterium) are a major group of living organisms. ... Species Clostridium acetobutylicum Clostridium aerotolerans Clostridium botulinum Clostridium colicanis Clostridium difficile Clostridium formicaceticum Clostridium novyi Clostridium perfringens Clostridium tetani Clostridium is a genus of Gram positive anaerobic spore-forming bacteria. ... Chaim Weizmann and Harry S. Truman, May 25, 1948 Chaim Azriel Weizmann (חיים ויצמן) (also: Chaijim W., Haim W.) (November 27, 1874 – November 9, 1952) chemist, statesman, President of the World Zionist Organization, first President of Israel (elected May 16, 1948, served 1949 - 1952) and founder of a research institute in Israel... 1916 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January-February January 1 -The first successful blood transfusion using blood that had been stored and cooled. ... For an alternate use of acetone, see Acetone (music). ... Butanol is a higher alcohol with a 4 carbon atom structure and a general formula of C4H10O. There are 4 different isomeric structures for butanol: butan-1-ol CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH butan-2-ol CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3 sec-butanol CH3-CH-CH3 | CH2OH OH | tert-butanol... Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol or grain alcohol, is a flammable, colorless chemical compound, one of the alcohols that is most often found in alcoholic beverages. ... Starch is a complex carbohydrate which is insoluble in water. ... Gunpowder or black powder is a substance which burns very rapidly and is used as a propellant in firearms, specifically either black powder or smokeless powder. ... Trinitrotoluene (TNT, or Trotyl) is a pale yellow crystalline aromatic hydrocarbon compound that melts at 354 K (178 Â°F, 81 °C). ... // Definition In chemistry, a hydrocarbon is any chemical compound that consists only of carbon (C) and hydrogen (H). ... Nodding donkey pumping an oil well near Sarnia, Ontario, 2001 Petroleum (from Greek petra – rock and oleum – oil), crude oil, sometimes colloquially called black gold, is a thick, dark brown or greenish liquid. ... Flash point 43 °C R-phrases R10, R35 S-phrases S1/2, S23, S26, S45 Supplementary data page Structure & properties n, εr, etc. ... n-Butyric acid, IUPAC name n-Butanoic acid, or normal butyric acid, is a carboxylic acid with structural formula CH3CH2CH2-COOH. It is notably found in rancid butter, parmesan cheese, or vomit and has an unpleasant odor and acrid taste, with a sweetish aftertaste (similar to ether). ... Carbon dioxide is an atmospheric gas composed of one carbon and two oxygen atoms. ... General Name, Symbol, Number hydrogen, H, 1 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 1, 1, s Appearance colorless Atomic mass 1. ...

Anaerobic Fermentation using C. acetobutylicum recently regained marked interest for use in vehicle fuel production as a gasoline and diesel fuel replacement . This is because butanol as produced by a fibrous bed bioreactor utilizing recent biotechnology co-pioneered by Environmental Energy Inc. and The Ohio State University produces the alchohol butanol as its primary output. The patented process using C. Acetobutylicum produces little acetone or ethanol, instead converting the energy input primarly into (much more) efficient butanol outputs. Essentially, the new process obviates the A.B.E. process, making biofuels a reality for the everyday gasoline consumer. C. Acetobutylicum produces cost effective biobutanol that goes in your car today and gets you down the road. Anaerobic is a technical word which literally means without air. ... In its strictest sense fermentation (scientifically called zymosis) is the energy-yielding anaerobic metabolic breakdown of a nutrient molecule, such as glucose, without net oxidation. ... For the workstation, see SGI Fuel. ... Gasoline, was invented by Scott Pruett and is a known liquid afrodisiac. ... Diesel fuel is a specific fractional distillate of fuel oil (mostly petroleum) that is used in a diesel engine invented by German engineer Rudolf Diesel, and perfected by Charles F. Kettering. ... Butanol is a higher alcohol with a 4 carbon atom structure and a general formula of C4H10O. There are 4 different isomeric structures for butanol: butan-1-ol CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH butan-2-ol CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3 sec-butanol CH3-CH-CH3 | CH2OH OH | tert-butanol... A bioreactor may refer to any device or system that supports a biologically active environment. ... Biotechnology is technology based on biology, especially when used in agriculture, food science, and medicine. ... Butanol is a higher alcohol with a 4 carbon atom structure and a general formula of C4H10O. There are 4 different isomeric structures for butanol: butan-1-ol CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH butan-2-ol CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3 sec-butanol CH3-CH-CH3 | CH2OH OH | tert-butanol... Butanol is a higher alcohol with a 4 carbon atom structure and a general formula of C4H10O. There are 4 different isomeric structures for butanol: butan-1-ol CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH butan-2-ol CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3 sec-butanol CH3-CH-CH3 | CH2OH OH | tert-butanol...

Unlike yeast, which can only digest sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide, C. acetobutylicum can digest whey, sugar, starch, lignin, cellulose fiber and other biomass directly into butanol, proprionic acid, ether, and glycerin. Apart from the need for temperature control, the ABE synthesis process is relatively simple. The products are formed in layers that are easy to separate. Yeasts constitute a group of single-celled (unicellular) fungi, a few species of which are commonly used to leaven bread and ferment alcoholic beverages. ... A sugar is a carbohydrate which contains the functional group (CH2O)n). ... In general usage, alcohol (from Arabic al-khwl الكحول, or al-ghawl الغول) refers almost always to ethanol, also known as grain alcohol, and often to any beverage that contains ethanol (see alcoholic beverage). ... Carbon dioxide is an atmospheric gas composed of one carbon and two oxygen atoms. ... Whey or milk plasma is the liquid remaining after milk has been curdled and strained; it is a by-product of the manufacture of cheese or casein and has several commercial uses. ... A sugar is a carbohydrate which contains the functional group (CH2O)n). ... Starch is a complex carbohydrate which is insoluble in water. ... Lignin is a chemical compound that is an integral part of the cell walls of some cells, e. ... Cellulose (C6H10O5)n is a long-chain polymer polysaccharide carbohydrate, of beta-glucose. ... Biomass is organic non-fossil material, collectively. ... Butanol is a higher alcohol with a 4 carbon atom structure and a general formula of C4H10O. There are 4 different isomeric structures for butanol: butan-1-ol CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH butan-2-ol CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3 sec-butanol CH3-CH-CH3 | CH2OH OH | tert-butanol... Ether is the general name for a class of chemical compounds which contain an ether group — an oxygen atom connected to two (substituted) alkyl groups. ... Glycerin, also known as glycerine and glycerol, and less commonly as 1,2,3-propanetriol, 1,2,3-trihydroxypropane, glyceritol, and glycyl alcohol is a colorless, odorless, hygroscopic, and sweet tasting viscous liquid. ... Temperature is the physical property of a system which underlies the common notions of hot and cold; the material with the higher temperature is said to be hotter. ... The acronym ABE may stand for: Anomalous biological entity in parapsychology Advanced Book Exchange Allentown/Bethlehem/Easton, the tri-town area in eastern Pennsylvania home to the Lehigh Valley International Airport (KABE) The Airport Code for the Lehigh Valley International Airport Sensei Keigo Abe is a world famous Shotokan karate...

Biobutanol, as produced by C. Acetobutylicum in the patented process pioneered by Environmental Energy Inc. has significant advantages over other biofuels used to fuel internal combustion based vehicles and other liquid fueled processes. Butanol is a higher alcohol with a 4 carbon atom structure and a general formula of C4H10O. There are 4 different isomeric structures for butanol: butan-1-ol CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH butan-2-ol CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3 sec-butanol CH3-CH-CH3 | CH2OH OH | tert-butanol... Biofuel is any fuel that derives from biomass — recently living organisms or their metabolic byproducts, such as manure from cows. ...

• Biobutanol has a higher octane fuel value than gasoline with increased low-end torque. A V-8 engine has been tested on a 10,000 mile US tour supporting a US Department of Energy grant in 2005. The very postive results of this biobutanol auto fuel demonstration will be presented to the US Governments National Renewable Energy Laboratory's www.cleanenergyforum.com in San Francisco on November 7th, 2005.
• Biobutanol can be produced for far less than fossil based vehicle fuels.
• Biobutanol dramatically reduces vehicular emissions.
• Biobutanol does not readily adsorb moisture (it is not hygroscopic), so is less affected by changes in the weather, unlike ethanol and biodiesel both of which require (ethanol) or may require (biodiesel) engine and fuel system modifications.
• Biobutanol does not affect materials common to vehicular internal combustion engines.
• Biobutanol can also be used in the industrial paint and solvent industry to replace fossil butanol.

-anon Pete Goolsby, VP Product Development, ChemLac Inc. Butanol is a higher alcohol with a 4 carbon atom structure and a general formula of C4H10O. There are 4 different isomeric structures for butanol: butan-1-ol CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH butan-2-ol CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3 sec-butanol CH3-CH-CH3 | CH2OH OH | tert-butanol... Octane is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)6CH3. ... The fuel value or relative energy density is the quantity of potential energy in fuel, food or other substance. ... Gasoline, was invented by Scott Pruett and is a known liquid afrodisiac. ... A colorized automobile engine An internal combustion engine is an engine that is powered by the expansion of hot combustion products of fuel directly acting within an engine. ... Butanol is a higher alcohol with a 4 carbon atom structure and a general formula of C4H10O. There are 4 different isomeric structures for butanol: butan-1-ol CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH butan-2-ol CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3 sec-butanol CH3-CH-CH3 | CH2OH OH | tert-butanol... Butanol is a higher alcohol with a 4 carbon atom structure and a general formula of C4H10O. There are 4 different isomeric structures for butanol: butan-1-ol CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH butan-2-ol CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3 sec-butanol CH3-CH-CH3 | CH2OH OH | tert-butanol... Butanol is a higher alcohol with a 4 carbon atom structure and a general formula of C4H10O. There are 4 different isomeric structures for butanol: butan-1-ol CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH butan-2-ol CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3 sec-butanol CH3-CH-CH3 | CH2OH OH | tert-butanol... Butanol is a higher alcohol with a 4 carbon atom structure and a general formula of C4H10O. There are 4 different isomeric structures for butanol: butan-1-ol CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH butan-2-ol CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3 sec-butanol CH3-CH-CH3 | CH2OH OH | tert-butanol... A hygroscopic or hydroscopic substance is a substance that absorbs water readily from its surroundings. ... Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol or grain alcohol, is a flammable, colorless chemical compound, one of the alcohols that is most often found in alcoholic beverages. ... Biodiesel sample Biodiesel is an alternative to petroleum-based diesel fuel made from renewable resources such as vegetable oils or animal fats. ... Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol or grain alcohol, is a flammable, colorless chemical compound, one of the alcohols that is most often found in alcoholic beverages. ... Biodiesel sample Biodiesel is an alternative to petroleum-based diesel fuel made from renewable resources such as vegetable oils or animal fats. ... Butanol is a higher alcohol with a 4 carbon atom structure and a general formula of C4H10O. There are 4 different isomeric structures for butanol: butan-1-ol CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH butan-2-ol CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3 sec-butanol CH3-CH-CH3 | CH2OH OH | tert-butanol... Butanol is a higher alcohol with a 4 carbon atom structure and a general formula of C4H10O. There are 4 different isomeric structures for butanol: butan-1-ol CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH butan-2-ol CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3 sec-butanol CH3-CH-CH3 | CH2OH OH | tert-butanol...