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Encyclopedia > Clownfish
Clown Fish
Ocellaris Clownfish, Amphiprion ocellaris
Ocellaris Clownfish, Amphiprion ocellaris
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Pomacentridae
Subfamily: Amphiprioninae
Genera

Amphiprion Bloch & Schneider, 1801
Premnas Cuvier, 1816 Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x768, 517 KB) Summary A clownfish. ... Binomial name (Lacépède, 1802) The Ocellaris clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris) or false Percula clownfish is a popular aquarium fish. ... Scientific classification redirects here. ... For other uses, see Animal (disambiguation). ... Classes See below Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates. ... Orders See text The Actinopterygii are the ray-finned fish. ... Families many, see text The Perciformes, also called the Percomorphi or Acanthopteri, include about 40% of all fish and are the largest order of vertebrates. ... Genera See text. ... Marcus Elieser Bloch (1723 - 1799) was a German medical doctor and naturalist. ... Johann Gottlob Schneider (January 18, 1750 - January 12, 1822), German classical scholar and naturalist, was born at Koilmen in Saxony. ... The Union Jack, flag of the newly formed United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ... Georges Cuvier Baron Georges Leopold Chretien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier (August 23, 1769 - May 13, 1832) was a French naturalist, He was born at Montbéliard (then Mömpelgard in Württemberg) under the name of Johann Leopold Nicolaus Friedrich Kuefer, and was the son of a retired officer... Year 1816 (MDCCCXVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

Clownfish and anemonefish are fishes from the subfamily Amphiprioninae in the family Pomacentridae. About twenty eight species are recognized, of which one is in the genus Premnas, while the remaining are in the genus Amphiprion. In the wild they all form symbiotic relationships with sea anemones. Clownfish are overall yellow, orange, reddish or blackish, and many show white bars or patches. The largest species reach a length of 18 cm (7 in), while the smallest barely reach 10 cm (4 in). For other uses, see Fish (disambiguation). ... Genera See text. ... For other uses, see Species (disambiguation). ... Species See text. ... Common Clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris) in their Magnificent Sea Anemone (Heteractis magnifica) home. ... Families Many, see text. ...


Clownfish are native to wide ranges of the warm waters of the Indian and Pacific oceans, including the Great Barrier Reef and the Red Sea. While most species have restricted distributions, others are widespread. They are generally highly host specific, and especially the genera Heteractis and Stichodactyla, and the species Entacmaea quadricolor are frequent partners. The clownfish feeds on undigested matter which otherwise potentially could harm the sea anemone, and the faecal matter from the clownfish provides nutrient to the sea anemone. It has also been suggested that the activity of the clownfish results in greater water circulation around the sea anemone. In addition to providing food for the clownfish, the sea anemone also provides safety due to its poison. Pacific redirects here. ... The Great Barrier Reef is the worlds largest coral reef system,[1][2] composed of over 2,900 individual reefs[3] and 900 islands stretching for 2,600 kilometres (1,616 mi) over an area of approximately 344,400 square kilometres (132,974 sq mi). ... Location of the Red Sea The Red Sea is an inlet of the Indian Ocean between Africa and Asia. ... Horse feces Feces, faeces, or fæces (see spelling differences) is a waste product from an animals digestive tract expelled through the anus (or cloaca) during defecation. ...


Clownfish and certain damselfish are the only species of fishes that can avoid the potent poison of a sea anemone. There are several theories about how this is accomplished: Cocoa damselfish (Stegastes variabilis) Damselfish refers to members of the family Pomacentridae, except those of the two genera Amphiprion and Premnas. ...

  • The mucous coating of the fish may be based on sugars rather than proteins. This would mean that anemones fail to recognize the fish as a potential food source and do not fire their nematocysts, or sting organelles.
  • The co-evolution of certain species of clownfish with specific anemone host species and may have acquired an immunity to the nematocysts and toxins of their host anemone. Experimentation has shown that Amphiprion percula may develop resistance to the toxin from Heteractis magnifica, but it is not totally protected, since it was shown experimentally to die when its skin, devoid of mucus, was exposed to the nematocysts of its host[1]

Clownfish live in small groups inhabiting a single anemone each. Most always a breeding pair, consisting of a single mating female and one mating male, cohabit with a few non-mating smaller male fish. When the dominant female dies, the dominant male changes sex and becomes the female. [2] They exhibit a sexual life style known as sequential hermaphroditism, and specifically the protandrous form where they begin as males and can later in life switch to using functioning female gonads.[3] This article is about sugar as food and as an important and widely-traded commodity. ... A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin showing coloured alpha helices. ... Cnidocytes are prey-capture and defensive cells found on animals of the phylum Cnidaria. ... In cell biology, an organelle is a specialized subunit within a cell that has a specific function, and is separately enclosed within its own lipid membrane. ... Bumblebees and the flowers they pollinate have co-evolved so that both have become dependent on each other for survival. ... Binomial name Amphiprion percula (Lacepède, 1802) The percula clownfish (Amphiprion percula) is a popular aquarium fish, even more so after it rose to stardom in Finding Nemo. ... Binomial name Heteractis magnifica (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833) Heteractis magnifica (known variously as magnificent sea anemone or Ritteri anemone) is a species of sea anemone that lives in the Indo-Pacific area, and can grow up to 1 metre (3 feet) in diameter in the wild. ... For other uses, see Hermaphrodite (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Hermaphrodite (disambiguation). ... A sex organ, or primary sexual characteristic, narrowly defined, is any of those parts of the body (which are not always bodily organs according to the strict definition) which are involved in sexual reproduction and constitute the reproductive system in an complex organism; namely: Male: penis (notably the glans penis...


Clownfish lay eggs on any flat surface close to or under the protection of their host anemones. In the wild, clownfish spawn around the time of the full moon and the male parent guards them until they hatch about 6 to 10 days later, typically 2 hours after darkness starts.[citation needed] Clownfish are omnivorous: in the wild they eat live food such as algae, plankton, molluscs and crustacea; in captivity they can survive on live meat, fish flakes and fish pellets. They feed mostly on copepods and mysids, and the undigested excrement from their host anemones. Omnivores are organisms that consume both plants and animals. ... Orders Calanoida Cyclopoida Gelyelloida Harpacticoida Misophrioida Monstrilloida Mormonilloida Platycopioida Poecilostomatoida Siphonostomatoida Copepods are small, aquatic animals living in the sea and nearly every freshwater habitat, a form of plankton, specifically zooplankton, some copepods are parasitic. ... Orders & Families Lophogastrida G. O. Sars, 1870 Eucopiidae Lophogastridae Mysida A. H. Haworth, 1825 Mysidae Lepidomysidae Petalophthalmidae Gnathophausiidae The Mysidacea is a group of small, shrimp-like creatures including the species Neomysis americana, comprising the two related orders Mysida and Lophogastrida. ...

Contents

In the aquarium

A clownfish swimming.
A clownfish swimming.

Clownfish are a popular fishes for the reef aquarium. Clownfish are now tank-bred to lower the number taken from the wild. Compared to wild-caught clownfish, tank-bred clownfish are slightly more disease resistant and also less affected by stress when introduced to the aquarium. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Marine aquarium. ...


When a sea anemone is not available in an aquarium, they may settle in some varieties of soft corals, or large polyp stony corals. If the fish settles in a coral, it could agitate the fish's skin, and, in some cases, may kill the coral. Once an anemone or coral has been adopted, the clownfish will defend it. As there is less pressure to forage for food in an aquarium, it is common for clownfish to remain within 2-4 inches of their host for an entire lifetime. Families Suborder Alcyoniina Suborder Calcaxonia Suborder Holaxonia Suborder Protoalcyonaria Suborder Scleraxonia Suborder Stolonifera Suborder Incertae sedis Wikispecies has information related to: Alcyonacea Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Category:Alcyonaria The Alcyonacea, or the soft corals are an order of corals which do not produce calcium carbonate cups. ...


In popular media

The characters Marlin and Nemo in the Disney 2003 animated film Finding Nemo are ocellaris clownfish. Disney may refer to: The Walt Disney Company and its divisions, including Walt Disney Pictures. ... Finding Nemo is a 2003 Academy Award-winning computer-animated film. ... Binomial name (Lacépède, 1802) The Ocellaris clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris) or false Percula clownfish is a popular aquarium fish. ...


Species

Sebae anemonefish (Amphiprion sebae) and sea anemone in the Maldives. Skunk clownfish can mean: Pink skunk clownfish Orange skunk clownfish Category: ... Skunk clownfish can mean: Pink skunk clownfish Orange skunk clownfish Category: ... Binomial name Amphiprion akindynos (Allen, 1972) The Barrier Reef Anemonefish, Amphiprion akindynos, is a anemonefish of the family Pomacentridae. ... Allards clownfish, Amphiprion allardi, is named after tom tompson by Herbert Axelrod after his visit to Allards Collecting Station in Kenya. ... Binomial name Rüppell, 1830 The Red Sea clownfish, Red Sea anemonefish, or twoband anemonefish, Amphiprion bicinctus is a clownfish of the family Pomacentridae. ... Binomial name The orange-fin anemonefish or orange-fin clownfish, Amphiprion chrysopterus, is a clownfish, found in the Western Pacific north of the Great Barrier Reef from the surface to 20 m. ... The Orange-fin Anemonefish, also known as the Orange-fin Clownfish, Amphiprion chrysopterus, is a type of clownfish. ... Binomial name Amphiprion clarkii Bennett, 1830 Clarks anemonefish or the Yellowtail clownfish (Amphiprion clarkii) is a widely distributed clownfish. ... Binomial name (Linnaeus, 1758) The red saddleback anemonefish, Amphiprion ephippium, also known as the saddle anemonefish, is a clownfish that lives in the Indo-Pacific area. ... Binomial name Amphiprion frenatus Brevoort, 1856 The tomato clownfish (Amphiprion frenatus) is a clownfish that is found in the waters of the Western Pacific, from the Ryūkyū Islands, Japan, to Malaysia and Indonesia. ... Binomial name Amphiprion frenatus The Tomato Clownfish (Amphiprion frenatus), is a type of clownfish that is found in the waters of the Western Pacific, from Ryukyu Island, Japan to Malaysia and Indonesia. ... Binomial name Amphiprion melanopus Bleaker, 1852 Cinnamon Clownfish (Amphiprion melanopus) or Fire Clownfish is a widely distributed clownfish. ... Binomial name Amphiprion ocellaris (Lacépède, 1802) The Ocellaris Clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris) or False Percula Clownfish is a popular aquarium fish. ... Species See text. ... Binomial name Amphiprion percula (Lacepède, 1802) The percula clownfish (Amphiprion percula) is a popular aquarium fish, even more so after it rose to stardom in Finding Nemo. ... Species Twenty-seven, including: Amphiprion allardi - Allards clownfish Amphiprion melanopus - Cinnamon clownfish Amphiprion clarkii - Clarks anemonefish Amphiprion ocellaris - Ocellaris clownfish Amphiprion percula - Percula clownfish Amphiprion perideraion - Pink skunk clownfish Amphiprion polymnus - Saddleback clownfish Amphiprion sebae - Sebae clownfish Amphiprion tricinctus - Three-band anemonefish Amphiprion ephippium - Red saddleback anemonefish Amphiprion... Headline text Bold textItalic textLink titlethe pink shdoksay hfodnslfjhdsaf ... Binomial name (Linnaeus, 1758) The saddleback clownfish, Amphiprion polymnas, also known as the saddleback anemonefish is a member of the family Pomacentridae. ... The Saddleback Clownfish (Amphiprion polymnas) is also known as the Saddleback Anemonefish. ... Binomial name The Australian clown fish, Amphiprion rubrocinctus, is a type of clown fish found in tropical seas of Australia. ... Binomial name The orange skunk clownfish, Amphiprion sandaracinos, also known as the skunk-striped anemonefish is a type of clownfish that is very bright orange, with a white stripe on the dorsal ridge from the mouth, between the eyes and ending after the dorsal fin. ... Binomial name Bleeker, 1853 The sebae clownfish, Amphiprion sebae, is a very rare clownfish found in the northern Indian Ocean, which includes India, Sri Lanka, and the Maldive Islands. ... Binomial name The three-band anemonefish, Amphiprion tricinctus, is a type of clownfish found near the Marshall Islands and in the western part of the Pacific Ocean. ... Binomial name The three-band anemonefish, Amphiprion tricinctus, is a type of clownfish found near the Marshall Islands and in the western part of the Pacific Ocean. ... Binomial name Premnas biaculeatus (Bloch, 1790) The maroon clownfish, Premnas biaculeatus, is a type of clownfish that are found in the eastern Indian Ocean, from Malaysia to Queensland. ... Binomial name (Bloch, 1790) The maroon clownfish, Premnas biaculeatus, is a type of clownfish that is found in the Indo-Pacific from western Indonesia to Taiwan and the Great Barrier Reef. ... Binomial name Bleeker, 1853 The sebae clownfish, Amphiprion sebae, is a very rare clownfish found in the northern Indian Ocean, which includes India, Sri Lanka, and the Maldive Islands. ...

Tomato clownfish (Amphiprion frenatus) and sea anemone in Fiji. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1632 × 1224 pixel, file size: 1. ... Binomial name Amphiprion frenatus Brevoort, 1856 The tomato clownfish (Amphiprion frenatus) is a clownfish that is found in the waters of the Western Pacific, from the Ryūkyū Islands, Japan, to Malaysia and Indonesia. ...

Maldive anemonefish (Amphiprion nigripes). It is sometimes called the Black-finned anemonefish due to its black pelvic and anal fins. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2000x1400, 1609 KB) Maldive anemonefish (Amphiprion nigripes) in a sea anemone (Heteractis magnifica). ... Fish anatomy is primarily governed by the physical characteristics of water, which is much denser than air, holds a relatively small amount of dissolved oxygen, and absorbs light more than does air. ... Fish anatomy is primarily governed by the physical characteristics of water, which is much denser than air, holds a relatively small amount of dissolved oxygen, and absorbs light more than does air. ...

Pink skunk clownfish (Amphiprion perideraion). Species Twenty-seven, including: Amphiprion allardi - Allards clownfish Amphiprion melanopus - Cinnamon clownfish Amphiprion clarkii - Clarks anemonefish Amphiprion ocellaris - Ocellaris clownfish Amphiprion percula - Percula clownfish Amphiprion perideraion - Pink skunk clownfish Amphiprion polymnus - Saddleback clownfish Amphiprion sebae - Sebae clownfish Amphiprion tricinctus - Three-band anemonefish Amphiprion ephippium - Red saddleback anemonefish Amphiprion...

Saddleback clownfish (Amphiprion polymnus) off Sulawesi, Indonesia. Binomial name (Linnaeus, 1758) The saddleback clownfish, Amphiprion polymnas, also known as the saddleback anemonefish is a member of the family Pomacentridae. ... Sulawesi (formerly more commonly known as Celebes, IPA: a Portuguese-originated form of the name) is one of the four larger Sunda Islands of Indonesia and is situated between Borneo and the Maluku Islands. ...

Yellow clownfish (Amphiprion sandaracinos) and sea anemone off Sulawesi, Indonesia. Binomial name The orange skunk clownfish, Amphiprion sandaracinos, also known as the skunk-striped anemonefish is a type of clownfish that is very bright orange, with a white stripe on the dorsal ridge from the mouth, between the eyes and ending after the dorsal fin. ...

Yellowtail clownfish (Amphiprion clarkii) with sea anemone. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1680x1503, 429 KB) Clarks Anemonefish or Yellowtail Clownfish (Amphiprion clarkii, family Pomacentridae) with sea anemone. ... Binomial name Amphiprion clarkii Bennett, 1830 Clarks anemonefish or the Yellowtail clownfish (Amphiprion clarkii) is a widely distributed clownfish. ...

Orange-fin anemonefish (Amphiprion chrysopterus) is one of the few anemonefishes with a white tail. Binomial name The orange-fin anemonefish or orange-fin clownfish, Amphiprion chrysopterus, is a clownfish, found in the Western Pacific north of the Great Barrier Reef from the surface to 20 m. ...

Twoband anemonefish (Amphiprion bicinctus). It is, as suggested by its alternative common name, Red Sea clownfish, almost entirely restricted to the Red Sea. Binomial name Rüppell, 1830 The Red Sea clownfish, Red Sea anemonefish, or twoband anemonefish, Amphiprion bicinctus is a clownfish of the family Pomacentridae. ... Location of the Red Sea The Red Sea is an inlet of the Indian Ocean between Africa and Asia. ...

Clown anemonefish (Amphiprion ocellaris) occurs in a 'normal' orange and a melanistic blackish variant. The exact taxonomic status of the latter is unclear. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 736 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1341 × 1093 pixel, file size: 206 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) This is a picture of two captive False Percula Clownfish (Amphiprion Ocellaris). ... Binomial name Amphiprion ocellaris (Lacépède, 1802) The Ocellaris Clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris) or False Percula Clownfish is a popular aquarium fish. ... Melanism is an increased amount of black or nearly black pigmentation (as of skin, feathers, or hair) of an individual or kind of organism. ... Taxonomy (from Greek ταξινομία from the words taxis = order and nomos = law) may refer to either a hierarchical classification of things, or the principles underlying the classification. ...

Fire clownfish (Amphiprion melanopus) and sea anemone at the Great Barrier Reef. Binomial name Amphiprion melanopus Bleaker, 1852 Cinnamon Clownfish (Amphiprion melanopus) or Fire Clownfish is a widely distributed clownfish. ... The Great Barrier Reef is the worlds largest coral reef system,[1][2] composed of over 2,900 individual reefs[3] and 900 islands stretching for 2,600 kilometres (1,616 mi) over an area of approximately 344,400 square kilometres (132,974 sq mi). ...

Maroon clownfish (Premnas biaculeatus), here with a tang, is the only member of the genus Premnas, and the largest species of clownfish. Binomial name Premnas biaculeatus (Bloch, 1790) The maroon clownfish, Premnas biaculeatus, is a type of clownfish that are found in the eastern Indian Ocean, from Malaysia to Queensland. ... Species Zebrasoma desjardinii Zebrasoma flavescens Zebrasoma gemmatum Zebrasoma rostratum Zebrasoma scopas Zebrasoma veliferum Zebrasoma xanthurum Tangs are a kind of saltwater fish which inhabit shallow reefs and beds of seagrass from the east coast of Africa northward to the Red Sea, over the broad span of the Atlantic, Indo-Pacific...

References

  1. ^ Mebs, D. 1994. "Anemonefish symbiosis: Vulnerability and Resistance of Fish to the Toxin of the Sea Anemone.” Toxicon. Vol. 32(9):1059-1068.
  2. ^ Clownfish Change Size And Sex To Move Up The Ranks
  3. ^ Kuwamora, T., Nakashima, Y. 1998. "New aspects of sex change among reef fishes: recent studies in Japan. Environmental Biology of Fishes. 52:125-135.
  4. ^ "Amphiprion". FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. March 2008 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2008.
  5. ^ "Premnas". FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. March 2008 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2008.

FishBase is a comprehensive database of information about fish. ... FishBase is a comprehensive database of information about fish. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Amphiprioninae
  • (German) Photo Gallery of Amphiprion ocellaris and their eggs

  Results from FactBites:
 
Clownfishes (3267 words)
Amphiprion clarkii (Bennett 1830), Clarkii or Yellowtail Clownfish.
Be forewarned: as their family members, the rest of the damsels, clownfish are common forage fishes.
Potential problems with clownfish; despite their peaceful dispositions, clownfish prefer to be alone.
Clownfish (837 words)
The clownfish are therefore able to live in or near their anemone host which is generally avoided by most fish on the reef.
Each host anemone is home to a group of clownfish, this will normally consist of a dominant female and male pair (the female being largest and the most dominant) and up to four smaller clownfish.
The clownfish has no natural immunity to the sting of the anemone, but the mucous coating contains something that prevents the nematocysts from penetrating the clownfishes skin.There is also a heated debate over the origin of this coat, one theory is that the clownfish rub themselves against the anemone tentacles, smearing anemone mucus over themselves.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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