NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Club DJ

A disc jockey (also called DJ, or deejay) is an individual who selects and plays prerecorded music for an intended audience. Image File history File links Alkivar-003-TWEAKED.jpg Summary Original Source: http://www. ... Image File history File links Alkivar-003-TWEAKED.jpg Summary Original Source: http://www. ... Methods and media for sound recording are varied and have undergone significant changes between the first time sound was actually recorded for later playback until now. ...

Origin of term

The term was first used to describe radio announcers who would introduce and play popular gramophone records, but today there are a number of factors, including the selected music, the intended audience, the performance setting, the preferred medium, and the development of sound manipulation, that have led to different types of deejays. An announcer is a voice actor who works in television, radio and film, usually providing narrations, news updates, station identification, or an introduction of a product in television commercials or a guest on a talk show. ... Manufacturers put records inside protective and decorative cardboard jackets and an inner paper sleeve to protect the grooves from dust and scratches. ...

Job description

The physical act of selecting and playing sound recordings is called deejaying, or DJing, and ranges in sophistication from simply playing a series of recordings (referred to as programming, or composing a playlist), to the manipulating of recordings, using techniques such as audio mixing, cueing, phrasing, cutting, scratching, and beatmatching, often to the point of creating original musical compositions. In its most general form, a playlist is simply a list of songs. ... Audio mixing is used in sound recording, audio editing and sound systems to balance the relative volume and frequency content of a number of sound sources. ... A cue is a short term for the cue stick or the cue ball. ... When DJing, phrasing refers to the timing of a DJs mixes with respect to song structure. ... In hip hop music, cutting is a disc jockey technique, originated by DJ Grandmaster Flash, which is manually queueing up duplicate copies of the same record in order to play the same passage, cutting back and forth between them. ... Scratching is a DJ or turntablist technique originated by Grand Wizard Theodore, an early hip hop DJ from New York (AMG). ... Beatmatching is a mixing technique employed by DJs that was popularized by Francis Grasso in the late 60s/early 70s. ... Musical composition is: an original piece of music the structure of a musical piece the process of creating a new piece of music // A musical composition A piece of music exists in the form of a written composition in musical notation or as a single acoustic event (a live performance...

Equipment

The most basic equipment that is necessary for a standard disc jockey to perform consists of the following: 1. sound recordings in preferred medium (eg. vinyl records, compact discs, mp3s) 2. at least two devices for playback of sound recordings, for the purpose of alternating back and forth to create continuous playback (eg. record players, compact disc players, mp3 players) 3. a sound system for amplification of the recordings (eg. portable audio system, radio wave broadcaster) Sound system has multiple meanings: A sound reinforcement system is a system for amplifying, reproducing, and sometimes recording audio. ...

The addition of a mixer (used to mix the sound of the two playback devices), a microphone (used to amplify the human voice), and headphones (used to listen to one recording while the other is playing, without outputting the sound to the audience) is strongly recommended, but not required. Other types of equipment can also be added, including samplers, drum machines, effects processors, slipmats, and laptop computers. In telecommunications a mixer is a frequency mixer. ... Inside a condenser microphone. ... In-ear headphones Headphones (also known as earphones, stereophones, headsets, or the slang term cans) is a transducer that receives an electrical signal from a media player or receiver and uses speakers placed in close proximity to the ears (hence the name earphone) to convert the signal into audible sound... A sampler can be any of the following things: In general, a sampler is any broadly representative cross-section of some collection; for instance, food products are sometimes packaged in samplers containing a variety of chocolates or beers. ... A Boss DR-202 Drum Machine A drum machine is a device designed to imitate the sound of drums and/or other percussion instruments. ... A slipmat is a circular piece of slippery cloth or synthetic materials, designed to allow disc jockeys to turn or stop vinyl records on record players, or to scratch. ... Laptop with touchpad. ...

Techniques

There are several techniques that can be applied by the disc jockey as a means to manipulate the prerecorded music. These include audio mixing, cueing, slip-cueing, phrasing, cutting, beat juggling, scratching, beatmatching, needle drops, phase shifting, and more. Audio mixing is used in sound recording, audio editing and sound systems to balance the relative volume and frequency content of a number of sound sources. ... A cue is a short term for the cue stick or the cue ball. ... Slip-cueing is a DJ technique originated by Francis Grasso that consists of holding a record still with his thumb and forefinger while a protective slipmat and the steel platter of the turntable revolved underneath. ... When DJing, phrasing refers to the timing of a DJs mixes with respect to song structure. ... In hip hop music, cutting is a disc jockey technique, originated by DJ Grandmaster Flash, which is manually queueing up duplicate copies of the same record in order to play the same passage, cutting back and forth between them. ... Beat juggling is the act of manipulating individual drum beats, or vocal phrases, in order to create a unique composition, using multiple turntables and one or more mixers. ... Scratching is a DJ or turntablist technique originated by Grand Wizard Theodore, an early hip hop DJ from New York (AMG). ... Beatmatching is a mixing technique employed by DJs that was popularized by Francis Grasso in the late 60s/early 70s. ... The needle drop is a technique used in hip-hop deejaying, probably originated by Grand Wizard Theodore. ... This article is about the musical technique. ...

DJ control and economics

Throughout the 1950s, payola was an ongoing problem. Part of the fallout from that payola scandal was tighter control of the music by station management. The Top 40 format also emerged, where popular songs are played repeatedly. In the music industry, the illegal practice of record companies paying money for the broadcast of records on music radio is called payola, if the song is presented as being part of the normal days broadcast. ... Top 40 is a radio format based on frequent repetition of songs from a constantly-updated list of the forty best-selling singles. ...

Today, very few DJs in the United States have any control over what is played on the air. Playlists are very tightly regulated, and the DJ is often not allowed to make any changes or additions. The songs to be played are usually determined by computerized algorithms, and automation techniques such as voice tracking have allowed single DJs to send announcements across many stations. Even song requests are sometimes co-opted into this system—a song might be announced as a request by a DJ even though it was already set to appear in the playlist. A drawing of the everyday computer. ... Flowcharts are often used to represent algorithms. ... Automation (ancient Greek: = self dictated) or industrial automation is the use of computers to control industrial machinery and processes, replacing human operators. ... Voice tracking, also called cyber jocking, is a technique employed by some radio stations. ...

Economically, this formula has been successful across the country. However, music aficionados look upon such practices with disgust and either seek out freeform stations that put the DJs back in control, or end up dumping terrestrial radio in favor of satellite radio services or portable music players like iPods. College radio stations and other public radio outlets are the most common places for freeform playlists in the U.S. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Freeform radio. ... A satellite radio or subscription radio (SR) is a digital radio that receives signals broadcast by communications satellite, which covers a much wider geographical range than normal radio signals. ... The family of iPods as of December 2005. ... College radio (also known as university radio, campus radio or student radio) is a type of radio station that is run by the students of a college or university. ... Public broadcasting (also known as public service broadcasting or PSB) is the dominant form of broadcasting around the world, where radio, television, and potentially other electronic media outlets receive funding from the public. ...

Types of disc jockeys

By definition, the role of selecting and playing prerecorded music for an intended audience is the same for every disc jockey. The selected music, the audience, the setting, the preferred medium, and the level of sophistication of sound manipulation are factors that create a number of different types of deejays. Methods and media for sound recording are varied and have undergone significant changes between the first time sound was actually recorded for later playback until now. ...

The following is a list of the most common types of disc jockeys, along with notable examples of each, listed in chronological order by birth.

Radio DJs

A radio disc jockey is one that selects and plays music that is broadcast across radio waves.

Notable Radio DJs

See also: Category:Radio DJs Christopher Stone became the first disc jockey in the United Kingdom, on July 7, 1927, when he first started playing records on the BBC. Categories: Stub | 1927 births ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Martin Block (1901-1967) was the first radio disc jockey to become a star in his own right. ... Alan Freed (December 15, 1922 â€“ January 20, 1965) was an American disc-jockey (DJ), who became internationally known for promoting African-American Rhythm and Blues (R&B) music on the radio in the United States and Europe under the name of Rock and Roll. ... An African American (also Afro-American, Black American, or black), is a member of an ethnic group in the United States whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Africa. ... Rhythm and blues (or R&B) was coined as a musical marketing term introduced in the United States in the late 1940s by Jerry Wexler at Billboard magazine, used to designate upbeat popular music performed by African American artists that combined jazz and blues. ... Rock and roll (also spelled Rock n Roll, especially in its first decade), also called rock, is a form of popular music, usually featuring vocals (often with vocal harmony), electric guitars and a strong back beat; other instruments, such as the saxophone, are common in some styles. ... Murray Kaufman (February 14, 1922 â€“ February 21, 1982) professionally known as Murray the K, was a famous and influential rock and roll disc jockey. ... For the leader of the England cricket teams Barmy Army, popularly known as Jimmy Savile, see Vic Flowers. ... Corporate logo of the British Broadcasting Corporation The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is the national public service broadcaster of the United Kingdom (see British television). ... Jimll Fix It was a long running British childrens television show broadcast by the BBC. The show debuted on 31 May 1975, and ran until June 1994. ... Richard Wagstaff Clark (born November 30, 1929), more commonly known as Dick Clark, is an American television entertainer. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Casey Kasem (born Kemal Amin Kasem on April 27, 1932, in Detroit, Michigan) is an American radio personality and voice actor of Druze Lebanese extraction. ... American Top 40 (also known as AT40) is an internationally-syndicated radio program hosted by Ryan Seacrest. ... Robert Weston (Bob) Smith (January 21, 1939â€”July 1, 1995) became world famous in the 1960s and 1970s as a disc jockey using the stage name of Wolfman Jack. ... (Auto)biography John Robert Parker Ravenscroft, OBE (30 August 1939 â€“ 25 October 2004), known professionally as John Peel, was a British disc jockey, radio presenter, and journalist. ... 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jim Ladd (born January 17, 1948), an American disc jockey, radio producer and writer, is the last remaining freeform rock DJ in United States commercial radio. ...

Rave/Club DJs

A rave/club disc jockey is one that selects and plays music in a club setting. The setting can range anywhere from a small club, a neighborhood party, a disco, a rave, or even a stadium.

Notable Rave/Club DJs

See also: Category:Club DJs Image File history File linksMetadata Oakenfold@Nation. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Oakenfold@Nation. ... David Mancuso is the creator of the infamous by invitation only parties in New York City which have come to be known as The Loft. ... The construction of the Empire State Building, 1930. ... Francis Grasso was an American disc jockey from New York City, best known for inventing the technique of slip-cueing and later beatmatching which is the foundation of the modern club djs technique. ... Beatmatching is a mixing technique employed by DJs that was popularized by Francis Grasso in the late 60s/early 70s. ... Slip-cueing is a DJ technique originated by Francis Grasso that consists of holding a record still with his thumb and forefinger while a protective slipmat and the steel platter of the turntable revolved underneath. ... Larry Levan (born Lawrence Philpot, July 20, 1954 â€“ died November 8, 1992, of AIDS) stands at the crossroads of disco, house music and garage music. ... Garage is any of several different varieties of modern electronic dance music generally connected to house or disco. ... Frankie Knuckles (born January 18, 1955 as Frank Warren Knuckles Jr. ... House music refers to a collection of styles of electronic dance music, the earliest forms beginning in the early- to mid- 1980s. ... Paul Oakenfold performs at Club Nation in Washington DC. Photo by: Utopium Paul Oakenfold (born August 30, 1963 in Britain) is a record producer and one of the best-known DJs worldwide. ... Frankie Bones Frankie Bones (born Frank Mitchell) is an American techno and house music disc jockey from New York City. ... DJ Tiesto Tiësto, formerly DJ Tiësto, is the stage name of Tijs Verwest (born January 17, 1969), one of the worlds leading dance DJs. ... DJ Keoki (born c. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...

Hip Hop DJs

A hip hop disc jockey is one that selects, plays and creates music as a hip hop artist and/or performer, often backing up one or more MCs. Turntablism is a subgenre of hip hop. ... A Master of Ceremonies or MC is the host of a staged event or other performance. ...

Notable Hip Hop DJs

See also: Category:Hip hop DJs U-Roy (born Ewart Beckford September 21, 1942 in Jones Town, Jamaica, also known as The Originator, Hugh Roy) U-Roys musical career began in 1961 (see 1961 in music) when he began DJing at various sound systems, eventually working with King Tubby. ... A sound system is a Jamaican patois term for a large street party. ... Categories: People stubs | Hip hop musicians | Hip hop DJs | 1955 births ... Breakbeat (breakbeats or breaks), are a collection of sub-genres of electronic music, chiefly exemplified by drum and bass and jungle, usually characterized by a non-straighted 4/4 drum pattern (as opposed to the steady beat of house or trance). ... DJ Grandmaster Flash was one of the pioneers of hip-hop DJing, cutting, and mixing. ... Afrika Bambaataa (born April 10 or October 4, 1957 or 1960, though his birthdate is hotly debated; he himself refuses to comment on his age) is a DJ and community leader from the South Bronx, who in the late 1970s, was instrumental in the early development of hip hop. ... Jason Mizell (January 21, 1965 â€“ October 30, 2002), better known as Jam Master Jay, was the founder and DJ of Run-DMC, a highly influential hip-hop group, based in the Queens borough of New York City. ... Run-DMC is a famous hip hop crew founded by Jason Mizell (Jam Master Jay) and includes Joseph Run Simmons and Darryl DMC McDaniels, all from Hollis, Queens. ... Eric B. & Rakim were an East Coast hip hop duo that popularized the James Brown-sampled funky hip hop of the late 1980s. ... Eric B. & Rakim were an East Coast hip hop duo that popularized the James Brown-sampled funky hip hop of the late 1980s. ... James Brown, known variously as: Soul Brother Number One, the Godfather of Soul, Mr. ... The 1980s, in its most obvious sense, was the decade between 1980 and 1989. ... Terminator X (real name: Norman Rogers) is the DJ of the rap group Public Enemy. ... Public Enemy, also known as PE, are a seminal hip hop group known for their politically charged lyrics and their interest in the concerns of the African American community. ... Q-bert (born 1969) is the performing name of Richard Quitevis, a Filipino-American DJ and music-writer. ... Turntablism is a subgenre of hip hop. ... DJ for the Beastie Boys and member of the Invisibl Skratch Piklz. ... The Beastie Boys; from left to right, Ad-Rock, Mike D, MCA. The Beastie Boys are an American hip-hop music group from New York City (Brooklyn and Manhattan). ...

Mobile DJs

Mobile disc jockeys are an extension of the original radio disc jockeys. Unlike their radio counterparts, mobile DJing is primarily seen as a part-time or second career. Although it is often percieved this way, there are many mobile DJs around the world that use this as their primary career.

Mobile DJs travel or tour with their own sound systems and play from an extensive collection of pre-recorded music, on various media, for a targeted audience. Mobile DJs tend to work for hire at private functions such as wedding receptions, bar and bat mitzvah receptions, school dances, and so on, but they can occasionally be seen in bars, nightclubs, or even block parties. Unlike many club/rave DJs, mobile DJs often play more mainstream selections of music from multiple genres, they often take requests, and for mobile DJs, producing a continuous, beat-matched mix is rarely a priority.

The definition and responsibilities of a mobile disc jockey have changed since Bob Casey's first two-turntable system for continuous playback was utilized for sock-hops in 1955. Bands had long dominated the wedding entertainment industry, but with the advent of the less expensive mobile DJ, the demand for live performers dwindled. Even so, in the early years, the mobile DJ industry was seen as a last-resort choice for entertainment, as the DJs were reputed to frequently be unreliable and unprofessional. Mobile DJs companies came and went. However, a few companies of this era did establish themselves as competent businesses and thrived; some even still exist today.

During the Disco era of the 1970s, demand for mobile DJs (called mobile discos in the UK) soared. Top mobile DJs in this era would have hundreds of vinyl records and/or cassette tapes to play from. The equipment used in this era was enormous and usually required roadies (similar to those who work for bands) to set up. Because of the high demand for mobile DJs, many people from all facets of life jumped into the industry, hoping to make a few extra dollars on the weekends. These "Weekend Warriors", as they are called by many, helped enhance the negative stereotype of the mobile DJ; many of the same complaints from the earlier era continued.

Some tried to improve this image by forming professional associations. The Canadian Disc Jockey Association (CDJA) was one of the original associations formed in 1976 as a not-for-profit trade association for disc jockeys across Canada. It was joined by a much broader online association called the Canadian Online Disc Jockey Association (CODJA), founded by Canadian mobile DJs Glenn Miller (not the famous bandleader) and Dennis Hampson. What is the Canadian Disc Jockey Association? The [Canadian Disc Jockey Association] (CDJA) is a not-for-profit Trade association for Disc Jockeys across Canada. ... The [Canadian Online Disc Jockey Association] was founded in 2002 by Glenn Miller and Dennis Hampson. ...

United States Disc Jockeys were reluctant to form anything similar until 1992 when the American Disc Jockey Association (ADJA) was incorporated. The original Board of Directors were Bruce Keslar, Maureen Keslar, John Roberts, and Lori Jesse. In 1996, after being removed from the ADJA Board from a financial dispute, Keslar then went on to form the for-profit National Association of Mobile Entertainers (NAME), based in the Philadelphia area. Both associations thrive today, with an estimated 5,000 members combined as of November 2005. N.A.M.E., the National Association of Mobile Entertainers was founded in 1996 by former ADJA Board member Bruce Keslar. ...

As the late 1980s turned into the 1990s, new technologies emerged. Compact disc collections were becoming the standard to play music from. Many equipment manufacturers realized the potential market that existed for mobile DJs and raced to make equipment that was smaller, easier to use, and of better quality. Dedicated mobile disc jockey trade publications such as DJ Times magazine and Mobile Beat magazine were founded in this era. These publications helped to spread the word about the emerging technologies and published informational articles that were helpful to the mobile disc jockey. This is also the era when mobile disc jockeys became the top entertainment choice for most private parties including wedding receptions. It has been suggested that CD Rot be merged into this article or section. ... Mobile DJs Mobile Disc Jockeys are an extension of the original radio [[Disc Jockeys]]. Unlike their radio counterparts, the industry is primarily seen as a part-time or second career. ... DJ Times is considered by some to be the bible of the industry for the professional DJ. It is a monthly publication based out of Port Washington, New York that club and mobile DJs turn to as a source for products, technologies, news and information. ...

In the mid-1990s, computers and the Internet had a profound impact on the mobile DJ industry. Professor Jam, a Tampa Bay, Florida disc jockey already known in the industry for having performed for many celebrities and television networks, became one of the first mobile DJs in the United States to regularly use computer technology to play music at his shows, and was the first professionally endorsed computer disc jockey internationally. CODJA cofounder Glenn Miller became the first licensed MP3 DJ under new music licensing agreement that was introduced to Canada in 2000 by the AVLA, and had already pioneered online networking for mobile disc jockeys by starting the first bulletin board system for mobile DJs from all over North America (and eventually the world).[1] Tampa Bay is a large natural harbor and estuary on the western coast of Florida. ... A bulletin board system or BBS is a computer system running software that allows users to dial into the system over a phone line and, using a terminal program, perform functions such as downloading software and data, uploading data, playing games, reading news, and exchanging messages with other users. ...

In the 21st Century, the role of the mobile disc jockey has expanded. While there are still many conventional, "human jukebox" mobile DJs, many others have assumed more reponsibilities to ensure the success of the events where they perform. These responsibilities include emceeing, event coordination, lighting direction, and sound engineering.

The number of resources available for mobile DJs has also expanded. Aside from the many online community forums, there are now annual conventions, regional conferences, and many local seminars for mobile disc jockeys to attend.

Notable Mobile DJs

Timeline of events related to the disc jockey

1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Edouard-Leon Scott de Martinville (1817–April 26, 1879) is best known for inventing the phonautograph, the earliest known sound recording device (which, unlike Edisons similar and later invention, was unable to play back the recordings it made). ... Edison cylinder phonograph from about 1899 The phonograph, or gramophone, was the most common device for playing recorded sound from the 1870s through the 1980s. ... 1877 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Thomas Alva Edison (February 11, 1847 - October 18, 1931) was an inventor and businessman who developed many important devices. ... The earliest method of recording and reproducing sound was on phonograph cylinders. ... 1887 is a common year starting on Saturday (click on link for calendar). ... Emile Berliner (May 20, 1851 - August 3, 1929) was an inventor, best known for developing the disc record gramophone (phonograph in American English). ... Edison cylinder phonograph from about 1899 The phonograph, or gramophone, was the most common device for playing recorded sound from the 1870s through the 1980s. ... The term lateral can refer to: an anatomical definition of direction. ... A disk or disc is anything that resembles a flattened cylinder in shape. ... 1889 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... For the computer storage device see Optical Jukebox A replica Wurlitzer Jukebox A jukebox is a partially automated music-playing device, usually a coin-operated machine, that can play specially selected songs from self-contained media. ... 1892 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... The 1890s were sometimes referred to as the Mauve Decade, because William Henry Perkins aniline dye allowed the widespread use of that colour in fashion, and also as the Gay Nineties, under the then-current usage of the word gay which referred simply to merriment and frivolity, with no... Sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age or primarily in North America and in Australia as the Roaring Twenties . In Europe it is sometimes refered to as the Golden Twenties. ... 1906 (MCMVI) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Reginald Aubrey Fessenden (October 6, 1866 - July 22, 1932) was a Canadian inventor born in East Bolton, Quebec, the son of a Protestant minister. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Ocean Bluff and Brant Rock are villages located in the town of Marshfield in Plymouth County, Massachusetts. ... State nickname: Bay State Official languages English Capital Boston Largest city Boston Governor Mitt Romney (R) Senators Edward Kennedy (D), John Kerry (D) Area - Total - % water Ranked 44th 27,360 kmÂ² 25. ... // Events and trends The 1910s represent the culmination of European militarism which had its beginings during the second half of the 19th Century. ... Sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age or primarily in North America and in Australia as the Roaring Twenties . In Europe it is sometimes refered to as the Golden Twenties. ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Christopher Stone became the first disc jockey in the United Kingdom, on July 7, 1927, when he first started playing records on the BBC. Categories: Stub | 1927 births ... Corporate logo of the British Broadcasting Corporation The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is the national public service broadcaster of the United Kingdom (see British television). ... -1... 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Walter Winchell (April 7, 1897 â€“ February 20, 1972), an American newspaper and radio commentator, invented the gossip column at the New York Evening Graphic. ... Martin Block (1901-1967) was the first radio disc jockey to become a star in his own right. ... Lindbergh baby kidnapping poster. ... // Events and trends World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrination, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atomic bomb. ... Musique concrÃ¨te (French; literally, concrete music), is the name given to a class of electronic music produced from editing together fragments of natural and industrial sounds. ... hello Sampling (music) Sampling (signal processing) Sampling (statistics) This is a disambiguation page â€” a list of articles associated with the same title. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) is a common year starting on Friday. ... For the leader of the England cricket teams Barmy Army, popularly known as Jimmy Savile, see Vic Flowers. ... Jazz master Louis Armstrong remains one of the most loved and best known of all jazz musicians. ... Otley on a market day, looking down Kirkgate with The Chevin in the background Otley is a town in the county of West Yorkshire, England, near Guiseley, by the River Wharfe. ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to: England Travel guide to England from Wikitravel English language English law English (people) List of monarchs of England â€“ Kings of England family tree List of English people Angeln (region in northern Germany, presumably the origin of the Angles for whom England is named) UK... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Eiffel Tower has become the symbol of Paris throughout the world. ... Disco is an up-tempo style of dance music (generally between 110 and 136 beats per minute) that originated in the early 1970s, mainly from funk and soul music, popular with audiences in larger cities all over the world, and derives its name from the French word discothÃ¨que (meaning... // Events and trends World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrination, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atomic bomb. ... // Events and trends This map shows two essential global spheres during the Cold War in 1959. ... // Events and trends This map shows two essential global spheres during the Cold War in 1959. ... 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... // Events and trends This map shows two essential global spheres during the Cold War in 1959. ... A sound system is a Jamaican patois term for a large street party. ... A ghetto is an area where people from a specific ethnic background or united in a given culture or religion live as a group, voluntarily or involuntarily, in milder or stricter seclusion. ... Location of Kingston Kingston (population 600,000) is the capital of Jamaica. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ... 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ... 1969 (MCMLXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday For other uses, see Number 1969. ... Francis Grasso was an American disc jockey from New York City, best known for inventing the technique of slip-cueing and later beatmatching which is the foundation of the modern club djs technique. ... Beatmatching is a mixing technique employed by DJs that was popularized by Francis Grasso in the late 60s/early 70s. ... State nickname: The Empire State Official languages English Capital Albany Largest city New York City Governor George Pataki (R) Senators Charles Schumer (D) Hillary Clinton (D) Area - Total - % water Ranked 27th 141,205 kmÂ² 13. ... Slip-cueing is a DJ technique originated by Francis Grasso that consists of holding a record still with his thumb and forefinger while a protective slipmat and the steel platter of the turntable revolved underneath. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ... A borough is a local government administrative subdivision used in the Canadian province of Quebec, in some states of the United States, and formerly in New Zealand. ... The construction of the Empire State Building, 1930. ... The 1970s in its most obvious sense refers to the decade between 1970 and 1979. ... The Vietnam War or Second Indochina War was a conflict between the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRVN, or North Vietnam), allied with the National Liberation Front (NLF, or Viet Cong) against the Republic of Vietnam (RVN, or South Vietnam), and its allies â€” notably the United States military in support of... In modern society, gay is a word which can be used as either a noun or adjective. ... Technics is a brand name of Japan-based Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. ... 1974 (MCMLXXIV) is a common year starting on Tuesday (click on link for calendar). ... National motto: Out of Many One People Official language English Capital and largest city Kingston Monarch Queen Elizabeth II Governor-General Sir Howard Cooke Prime Minister P. J. Patterson Area - Total - % water Ranked 159th 10,991 kmÂ² 1. ... Categories: People stubs | Hip hop musicians | Hip hop DJs | 1955 births ... A break is an instrumental or percussion section or interlude during a song derived from or related to stop-time â€“ being a break from the main parts of the song or piece. ... The Bronx is one of the five boroughs of New York City in the United States. ... Turntablism is a subgenre of hip hop. ... 1974 (MCMLXXIV) is a common year starting on Tuesday (click on link for calendar). ... Technics is a brand name of Japan-based Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. ... Technics SL1210 The Technics SL-1200 is a series of turntables manufactured by Matsushita under the brand name of Technics. ... This page refers to the year 1979. ... 1974 (MCMLXXIV) is a common year starting on Tuesday (click on link for calendar). ... Electronic music is a loose term for music created using electronic equipment. ... Album cover of Trans-Europe Express (1977). ... Hip hop is a cultural movement that began amongst urban African American youth in New York and has since spread around the world. ... Afrika Bambaataa (born April 10 or October 4, 1957 or 1960, though his birthdate is hotly debated; he himself refuses to comment on his age) is a DJ and community leader from the South Bronx, who in the late 1970s, was instrumental in the early development of hip hop. ... House music refers to a collection of styles of electronic dance music, the earliest forms beginning in the early- to mid- 1980s. ... Frankie Knuckles (born January 18, 1955 as Frank Warren Knuckles Jr. ... The 1970s in its most obvious sense refers to the decade between 1970 and 1979. ... Hip hop is a cultural movement that began amongst urban African American youth in New York and has since spread around the world. ... African Americans, also known as Afro-Americans or black Americans, are an ethnic group in the United States of America whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Sub-Saharan and West Africa. ... // Etymology Latino, feminine Latina derives from Latin (the adjectives latinus, latina), originally referring to Latium, the area of Rome, by aitiology derived from a king of the name Latinus. ... Rapping, the rhythmic delivery of rhymes, is one of the four central elements of hip-hop culture. ... Graffiti on the banks of the Tiber river in Rome, Italy. ... This USPS stamp depicts an 80s breakdancer and a boombox. ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... Disco is an up-tempo style of dance music (generally between 110 and 136 beats per minute) that originated in the early-1970s, a derivative of funk and soul music, popular with audiences in larger cities all over the world. ... A satellite composite image of Europe // Etymology Picture of Europa, carried away by bull-shaped Zeus. ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... A Record Pool commonly refers to a central method of music distribution that allows a dj to receive promotional music that is played in nightclubs. ... 1976 (MCMLXXVI) is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... Walter Gibbons (1954 - 1994) was an American record producer and remixer. ... In film and photography, double exposure is a technique in which a piece of film is exposed twice, to two different images. ... For the album by Ash, see 1977 (album). ... Grand Wizard Theodore is an African American hip hop DJ, known for his innovations in scratching and needle drops, which he invented (AMG), and other techniques. ... Scratching is a DJ or turntablist technique originated by Grand Wizard Theodore, an early hip hop DJ from New York (AMG). ... For the album by Ash, see 1977 (album). ... Studio 54 was a legendary New York City disco located on West 54th Street in Manhattan. ... Saturday Night Fever is a 1977 movie starring John Travolta as Tony Manero, a troubled Brooklyn youth whose weekend activities are dominated by visits to a New York discotheque. ... This page refers to the year 1979. ... The Sugarhill Gang is an American hip hop group, known mostly for one hit, Rappers Delight, the first hip hop single to become a Top 40 hit. ... Rappers Delight is a 1979 (see 1979 in music) single by American hip hop trio The Sugarhill Gang; it is widely acknowledged as the first hip hop hit single. ... In music, sampling is the act of taking a portion of one sound recording and reusing it as an instrument or element of a new recording. ... Chic is an American band that was formed in 1975/1976 by guitarist Nile Rodgers and bassist Bernard Edwards. ... This page refers to the year 1979. ... Chicago (officially named the City of Chicago) is the third largest city in the United States (after New York City and Los Angeles), with an official population of 2,896,016, as of the 2000 census. ... Rock and roll (also spelled Rock n Roll, especially in its first decade), also called rock, is a form of popular music, usually featuring vocals (often with vocal harmony), electric guitars and a strong back beat; other instruments, such as the saxophone, are common in some styles. ... Term Euro Disco refers to a collection of styles of electronic dance music in Europe in 1980s, such as Hi-NRG and Italo Disco. ... Cover of the ZYX Music compilation album. ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... .mtv may also refer to a basic video format used on MP4 players coming out of China MTV (Music Television) is a cable television network which was originally devoted to music videos, especially popular rock music. ... Video Jockey or VJ is a term coined in the early 1980s to describe the fresh faced youth who introduced the music videos on MTV. The word VJ is also used to represent video performance artists who create live visuals on all kind of music. ... 1982 (MCMLXXXII) is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1982 (MCMLXXXII) is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Afrika Bambaataa (born April 10 or October 4, 1957 or 1960, though his birthdate is hotly debated; he himself refuses to comment on his age) is a DJ and community leader from the South Bronx, who in the late 1970s, was instrumental in the early development of hip hop. ... The term synthesizer is also used to mean frequency synthesizer, an electronic system found in communications, or video synthesizer. ... 1982 (MCMLXXXII) is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... It has been suggested that CD Rot be merged into this article or section. ... World map showing Asia. ... Digital audio refers to audio signals stored in a digital format. ... 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... House music refers to a collection of styles of electronic dance music, the earliest forms beginning in the early- to mid- 1980s. ... A warehouse club is a retail store selling a small amount of merchandise in terms of variety. ... Chicago (officially named the City of Chicago) is the third largest city in the United States (after New York City and Los Angeles), with an official population of 2,896,016, as of the 2000 census. ... Frankie Knuckles (born January 18, 1955 as Frank Warren Knuckles Jr. ... A Boss DR-202 Drum Machine A drum machine is a device designed to imitate the sound of drums and/or other percussion instruments. ... A sampler can be any of the following things: In general, a sampler is any broadly representative cross-section of some collection; for instance, food products are sometimes packaged in samplers containing a variety of chocolates or beers. ... A bassline is a series of notes with tones that are low in pitch or frequency. ... 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The 1980s, in its most obvious sense, was the decade between 1980 and 1989. ... Garage is any of several different varieties of modern electronic dance music generally connected to house or disco. ... Larry Levan (born Lawrence Philpot, July 20, 1954 â€“ died November 8, 1992, of AIDS) stands at the crossroads of disco, house music and garage music. ... The Paradise Garage disco is a notable club in the history of modern nightclub culture. ... The 1980s, in its most obvious sense, was the decade between 1980 and 1989. ... Techno is a form of electronic music that emerged in the mid-1980s and primarily refers to a particular style developed in and around Detroit and subsequently adopted by European producers. ... Motto: Speramus Meliora; Resurget Cineribus (We Hope For Better Things; It Shall Rise From the Ashes - this motto was adopted after the disastrous 1805 fire that devastated the city) Nickname: The Motor City and Motown Location in Wayne County, Michigan Founded Incorporated July 24, 1701 1815 County Wayne County Mayor... 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Aerosmith and Run-D.M.C. feud in neighboring studios in the music video Walk This Way Steven Tyler performs with Run-D.M.C. in the music video Walk This Way is a song by the American rock group Aerosmith from their album Toys in the Attic (1975). ... Run-DMC is a hip hop crew founded by Jason Jam Master Jay Mizell that included Joseph Run Simmons and Darryl DMC McDaniels. ... Aerosmith is a long-running U.S. classic rock band, originally formed in Boston, Massachusetts in the early 1970s. ... The Billboard Hot 100 is the United States music industry standard singles popularity chart issued weekly by Billboard magazine. ... 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on a Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Acid house is a variant of house music characterized by the use of simple tone generators with tempo-controlled resonant filters. ... The 1990s refers to the years 1990 to 1999; the last decade of the 20th Century, but in an economical sense The Nineties is often considered to span from the fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989 to the September 11 attacks in 2001. ... The RAVE Act (an acronym for Reducing Americans Vulnerability to Ecstasy) was a bill (S.2633) proposed, but not passed, during the 107th US Congress [1]. It was later passed (S.226) as the Illicit Drug Anti-Proliferation Act during the 108th US Congress, mostly unchanged and backed by the... Northern soul is a style of music with associated dance styles and fashions that developed in the north of England in the late 1960s. ... In music, trainspotter is a slang term used to describe people who pay great attention to technical details in music. ... The 1990s refers to the years 1990 to 1999; the last decade of the 20th Century, but in an economical sense The Nineties is often considered to span from the fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989 to the September 11 attacks in 2001. ... It has been suggested that CD Rot be merged into this article or section. ... The 1990s refers to the years 1990 to 1999; the last decade of the 20th Century, but in an economical sense The Nineties is often considered to span from the fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989 to the September 11 attacks in 2001. ... Trance music is a subgenre of electronic dance music (EDM) that developed in the 1990s. ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... The Moving Picture Experts Group or MPEG is a working group of ISO/IEC charged with the development of video and audio encoding standards. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The 1990s refers to the years 1990 to 1999; the last decade of the 20th Century, but in an economical sense The Nineties is often considered to span from the fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989 to the September 11 attacks in 2001. ... Nu metal (or aggro metal) is a subgenre of heavy metal music. ... For other uses, see Korn (disambiguation). ... Limp Bizkit is an American rapcore band who, with KoÐ¯n, is often credited with the popularization of the genre sometimes dubbed nu metal. ... Linkin Park is a nu/alternative metal band from Los Angeles, California, and is currently signed to Warner Brothers Records. ... The terms alternative rock and alternative music were coined in the early 1980s to describe punk rock-inspired music genres which didnt fit into the mainstream genres of the time. ... The 1990s refers to the years 1990 to 1999; the last decade of the 20th Century, but in an economical sense The Nineties is often considered to span from the fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989 to the September 11 attacks in 2001. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... Native Instruments is a music software company based in Berlin, Germany. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... Shawn Napster Fanning (born 1980 in Brockton, Massachusetts, USA) developed Napster, the first popular peer-to-peer filesharing platform, in 1999. ... Second version (revised 2001) of Napster logo: Cat wearing headphones. ... A peer-to-peer (or P2P) computer network is a network that relies on the computing power and bandwidth of the participants in the network rather than concentrating it in a relatively few servers. ... File sharing is the activity of making files available to other users for download over the Internet, but also over smaller networks. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... The Apple II was introduced on April 16, 1977 at the first West Coast Computer Faire. ... The family of iPods as of December 2005. ... East London (Afrikaans: Oos-Londen, Xhosa: Imonti) is a city in southeast South Africa, situated in the Eastern Cape Province at 32. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Microsoft Corporation, (NASDAQ: MSFT) headquartered in Redmond, Washington, USA, was founded in 1975 by Bill Gates and Paul Allen. ... DJ Grandmaster Flash was one of the pioneers of hip-hop DJing, cutting, and mixing. ... Roger Sanchez is one of the most popular commercial house DJs in the last years, who scored many hits in the European and World Charts. ... Sandra Collins is a rarity in the field of 1990s dance music. ... Tony Touch, also known as Tony Toca, is a Puerto Rican hip hop DJ and producer from New York City. ... ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Bibliography

Image File history File links i would like to see some quotations by or about goebbels. ... Wikiquote logo Wikiquote is a sister project of Wikipedia, using the same MediaWiki software. ...

External Sources

Categories: Disco | DJing | Reggae | Media occupations Hip hop is a cultural movement that began amongst urban African American youth in New York and has since spread around the world. ... This USPS stamp depicts an 80s breakdancer and a boombox. ... Turntablism is a subgenre of hip hop. ... Graffiti on the banks of the Tiber river in Rome, Italy. ... Rapping, the rhythmic delivery of rhymes, is one of the four central elements of hip-hop culture. ... Hip hop music is the engine of hip-hop culture, and is currently among the most popular and lucrative music in the world. ... . Collaborations between hip hop artists is a frequent occurrence and one of the defining features of the genre. ... This is a list of rappers, MCs, DJs, and record producers that create, record, and/or perform hip hop music. ... Alphanumeric List 1-9 1200 Techniques 2 Live Crew Fresh Kid Ice Luke Skyywalker Mr. ... Hip hop fashion is, according to KRS One, one of the nine extended elements of hip-hop culture. ... Feuds and rivalries have existed since the dawn of hip hop, which originated in the 1970s in New York City, United States. ... Hip-hop music uses a varied accumulation of slang terms that have changed as hip-hop itself has evolved and changed. ... The factual accuracy of this article is disputed. ... Hip hop music can be subdivided into subgenres, fusions with other genres and regional hip hop scenes. ... Hip hop has been popular in Africa since the early 1980s due to widespread American influence. ... In the early 1990s, two styles of hip hop were popular. ... In the 1980s, hip hop music began to break into the mainstream of the United States. ... It has been suggested that Dirty South be merged into this article or section. ... Midwest rap is a style of hip hop that originated in the midwestern United States, in areas including Cleveland, Ohio and Chicago, Illinois. ... Abstract hip hop is a genre that differs from other hip hop music largely in the content of the lyrics. ... Alternative hip hop is a style of hip hop music distinguished by beats, samples, and lyrics that differ from the general template of popular commercial hip hop. ... Chopped and screwed is a term that refers to a certain technique of remixing hip-hop music by slowing the tempo and applying various DJ techniques such as skipping beats, record scratching, stop-time, and sending portions of the music through stand-alone effects to make a chopped-up version... Christian hip hop, originally Gospel rap, but also known as Holy hip hop, or Christian rap is a form of hip hop music that uses Christian-themed lyrics to express the songwriters faith. ... Country-rap is the fusion of country music with hip hop music. ... Crunk music (also spelled Krunk Muzik) is a specific type of hip hop music, based out of the southern United States, particularly on the eastern side of Atlanta, Georgia, and Memphis, Tennessee. ... Electro hop is a form of dance music mixed with hip hop which arose in Southern California in the early 1980s. ... Freestyle or Latin freestyle, also called Latin hip-hop in its early years, is a form of electronic music that is heavily influenced by Hispanic and African-American culture. ... Gangsta rap is a subgenre of hip hop music which involves a lyrical focus on the lifestyles of inner-city thugs, criminals and gangsters. ... G-funk, an abbreviation of Gangsta-funk, is a type of hip hop music that emerged from West Coast gangsta rap in the early 1990s. ... Ghettotech is a form of electronic dance music based in Detroit that combines Chicagos ghetto house, electro, hip-hop, techno, and grafts the perceived raunch of Miami Bass. ... The golden age of hip hop, which followed old school hip hop, began with the popularity of Run-DMCs album, Raising Hell in 1986 and ended with the popularity of Dr. Dres album, The Chronic in 1993. ... Hardcore hip hop is a form of hip hop music that has confrontational, often violent lyrics, and generally sparse, gritty urban beats. ... Hip-hop soul is, despite its name, a subgenre of contemporary R&B. The term generally describes a style of music that blends R&B singing and hip hop production. ... Hip house, also known as house rap, is a mixture of house music and hip-hop which arose during the 1980s in New York. ... Killa C album cover Horrorcore (also known as Death Rap, Murder Rap, Acid Rap and Wicked Shit) is a sub-genre of hip hop music that evolved from pioneers such as Kool Keith, Insane Poetry, Ganksta NIP, Esham, The Flatlinerz, KGP, Brotha Lynch Hung and The Gravediggaz. ... Instrumental hip hop is hip hop music without vocals. ... Jazz rap is a fusion of alternative hip hop music and jazz, developed in the very late 1980s and early 1990s. ... Latin rap is not a homogeneous musical style but rather a term that covers all hip-hop music recorded by Latinos, as in Chicano Rap, Hip Hop Latino, and Hip Hop en espanol. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Neo soul (also known as nu soul) is a musical genre that fuses contemporary R&B, 1970s style soul, and hip hop. ... Nerdcore hip hop, or geeksta rap, is a subgenre of hip hop music that is performed by nerds, and is characterized by themes and subject matter considered to be of general interest to nerds. ... New jack swing is a hybrid style of rhythm and blues (R&B) combined with hip hop, popular from the late 1980s to early/mid-1990s. ... Old school hip hop is the very first hip hop to come out of the block parties of New York City in the 1970s and early 1980s. ... Pop-rap is a variety of hip-hop that has pop,R&B, and dance influences. ... Rapcore today is a fusion of hardcore punk and heavy metal music aesthetics with hip hop music. ... Raggamuffin (or ragga) is a kind of reggae rap that includes digitized backing instrumentation. ... Reggaeton is a form of dance music which became popular with Latin American youth during the late 1990s and spread to North American and European audiences during the first few years of the 21st century. ...

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