Amir Coban (also known as Choban or Chupan) (d. November 1327), was a Chobanid prince of the Ilkhanate, and the namesake of the dynasty. His father was named Malek. November is the eleventh month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four Gregorian months with the length of 30 days. ... Events January 25 - Edward III becomes King of England. ... The Chobanids (also known as the Chupanids) were members of a Mongol family that came to prominence in 14th century Persia. ... The Ilkhanate (also spelled Il-khanate or Il Khanate) was one of the four divisions within the Mongol Empire. ...

Rise to Power

Amir Coban was first mentioned as a supporter of Gaykhatu during the latter's successful campaign for the Ilkhanid throne. During Ghazan's march to the throne in 1295, Coban met with him near the Ustunavand castle. Coban served under Ghazan, participating in the campaign against the rebel Nauruz. He acted as a senior commander during Ghazan's three campaigns against Syria, then under the rule of the Mamelukes. During one of these campaigns, Coban's army, under the command of Ghazan's chief military officer Qutlugh Shah, was defeated by the Mamelukes in the battle of Marjal Suffar (1303). When Qutlugh fled, Coban stayed with the army, and reached Ghazan in June. Ghazan, furious at the defeat, punished both Qutlugh and Coban, though the latter was dealt with more leniently. Gaykhatu was the fifth Ilkhanate ruler in Iran. ... The Ilkhanate (also spelled Il-khanate or Il Khanate) was one of the four divisions within the Mongol Empire. ... Ghazan Khan was ruler of the Ilkhanate from 1295 to 1305. ... Events Mongol leader Ghazan Khan is converted to Islam, ending a line of Tantric Buddhist leaders. ... An Ottoman Mamluk, from 1810 Mamluks (or Mameluks) (the Arabic word usually translates as owned, singular: مملوك plural: مماليك) comprised slave soldiers used by the Muslim Caliphs and the Ottoman Empire, and who on more than one occasion seized power for themselves. ... Events On the 20 April, Pope Boniface VIII founds the University of Rome La Sapienza Edward I of England reconquers Scotland (see also: William Wallace, Wars of Scottish Independence) The Khilji Dynasty conquers Chittor Births Saint Birgitta, patron saint of Europe Deaths October 11 - Pope Boniface VIII Categories: 1303 ... June is the sixth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four with the length of 30 days. ...

In 1305 Coban married the daughter of Ghazan's successor Öljeitü, Dowlandi Katun. In 1307 he was given command of one of four armies assigned to quell the rebellous province of Gilan. Marching from Arbadil, he convinced the rulers of Astara and Gaskar to surrender peacefully, and then met up with Öljeitü. Qutlugh Shah's army, however, did not fare so well, and he was killed by the Gilakis. Following his death, Öljeitü made Coban his chief military commander (amir of the ulus). Coban was now a major influence behind the throne, though he had to contend with the court viziers. When Öljeitü died in 1316, his son Abu Sa'id confirmed Coban's status as amir of the ulus, despite the attempts of an Amir Sevinch to gain the position for himself. Events Wenceslas III becomes king of Bohemia The Papacy removed to France following riots in the Papal State. ... Öljeitü was the brother son of Arghun and succesor of Ghazan on the throne of the Ilkhanate between 1304 and 1316. ... Events July - The Knights Hospitaller begin their conquest of Rhodes. ... Guilan (گیلان in Persian) is one of the 30 provinces of Iran, during antique time known as part of Hyrcania, with a population of approximately 2 million and an area of 14,700 sq. ... Events Pope John XXII elected to the papacy. ... Abu Said (1316-1335 CE, 716-736 AH, aka Abusaid Bahador Khan, Abu Sayed Behauder) was the ruler of the Ilkhan state. ...

Height and Fall Under Abu Sa'id

Coban attempted to neutralize the influence of the viziers. In 1318, he convinced the discredited former vizier Rashid al-Din to return to the Ilkhanid court. Rashid, who had many enemies, was accused of poisoning Öljeitü soon after he returned. Coban promptly turned on him, and Rashad was put to death in July of that year. Events Pope John XXII declares the doctrines of the Franciscans advocating ecclesiastical poverty erroneous End of the reign of Emperor Hanazono of Japan Emperor Go-Daigo ascends to the throne of Japan Births Pope Urban VI Margarete Maultasch, Countess of Tyrol Deaths Categories: 1318 ... July is the seventh month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ...

In 1319, armies under the command of the khan of the Blue Horde, Öz-Beg, invaded the Ilkhanate. Abu Sa'id led a campaign to stop the invasion. Coban was on his way to assist Amir Husain (the father of the founder of the Jalayirids, Hasan Buzurg) against the raids of Chagatai prince Yasa'ur, who was devastating Khurasan, but then turned around to support Abu Sa'id upon receiving word that the latter's position across the Kur River was in danger. Several of Abu Sa'id's officers had deserted, leaving his army weakened. He rushed to his master's position, only to find the troops of the Blue Horde already in flight. Nevertheless, he inflicted heavy casualties on the enemy. Events Magnus VII ascends the throne of Norway and unites the country with Sweden. ... Blue Horde was one of descendat states which formed around 1227 as the Mongol Empire desintegrated. ... Chagatai can refer to different things: Chagatai Khanate Chagatai Khan Chagatai language This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Khorasan (also spelled Khurasan and Khorassan; خراسان in Persian) is an area, located in eastern and northeastern Iran. ...

The matter of Abu Sa'id's officers fleeing still needed to be addressed. When the amir enacted punishment against Quromsi (also a potential rival), as well as several other officers, for military negligence, a conspiracy was launched against him. The conspirators included Abu Sa'id's uncle Irenjin, who Coban had dismissed from the governorship of Diyarbakr. With the support of the Ilkhan, Coban dealt with them. Irenjin was defeated near Mianeh in June 1319. Following these events, Coban gained almost complete control over the Ilkhan, and his sons gained prominent positions as Persia was parceled out between the family. He also married Abu Sa'id's sister Sati Beg. His sons quickly took advantage of their power; in the winter of 1322 Coban, who was suffering from gout, had to convince his son Timurtas, governor of Rum, to end his rebellion against the Ilkhanate. Diyarbakir (Syriac: ܐܡܝܕ; Zazaki and Kurdish: Amed; Turkish spelling: Diyarbakır) is a city in Turkey, situated on the banks of the River Tigris. ... Events September 27/September 28 - Battle of Ampfing, often called the last battle of knights, in which Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor defeats Frederick I of Austria Births Emperor Komyo of Japan, second of the Northern Ashikaga Pretenders Deaths January 3 - France Categories: 1322 ... Timurtas (also known as Temürtas), (d. ... Rum is a spirit made from sugar-cane by-products such as molasses and sugar cane juice by a process of fermentation and distillation. ...

While Coban was reaching his height in power, he was also sowing the seeds of his fall. While Abu Sa'id lacked a treasury, Coban spent his wealth extravagantly. This situation annoyed the Ilkhan, who was further influenced against him by his viziers, particularly Rukn al-Din Sa'in, Coban's protégé. Coban's efforts to keep Abu Sa'id from marrying his daughter Bagdad Katun, who was already married to Hasan Buzurg, did not help the situation. Bagdad Katun (d. ...

In 1325 Coban defeated another force led by Öz-Beg, and even invaded the Blue Horde. Early in 1326, Coban led an army to defend against an imminent invasion of Khurasan. In the autumn of that year, the Chagatai Khan Tarmashirin crossed the Oxus River, and was defeated by Coban's son Hasan near Ghazna. Vizier Rukn al-Din Sa'in had traveled with Coban, leaving Coban's son Demasq Kaja in effective control at the Ilkhanid court. Abu Sa'id decided to make his move at this time. In August 1327 Abu Sa'id had Demasq Kaja killed, obstinately for the latter's activities with a former concubine of Öljeitü's. Events Muhammed Tughlaq succeeds his father Ghiyas al-Din Tughlaq as Sultan of Delhi. ... Events Change of emperor of the Ottoman Empire from Osman I (1299-1326) to Orhan I (1326-1359) Aradia de Toscano, is initiated into a Dianic cult of Italian Witchcraft (Stregheria), and discovers through a vision that she is the human incarnation of the goddess Aradia. ... Khorasan (also spelled Khurasan and Khorassan; خراسان in Persian) is an area, located in eastern and northeastern Iran. ... The Amu Darya (in Persian آمودریا; Darya means river in Persian) rises in the Pamirs and flows mainly north-west through the Hindu Kush, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan to join the Aral Sea in a large river delta. ... Amir Hasan was a Chobanid prince of the Ilkhanate in the early 14th century. ... This article incorporates text from the public domain 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica. ... Note: as an adjective (stressed on the second syllable instead of the first), august means honorable. ... Events January 25 - Edward III becomes King of England. ...

Abu Sa'id then undertook a campaign against the other Chobanids. The Khurasanis gained word of the plot, but pretended to act friendly toward Coban. The latter marched west; on his way, he convinced the local religious leader of Simnan, Shaikh 'Ala' al-Daula, to try to negotiate a truce, and then camped near Qazvin. When the shaikh failed, he continued west, with his troops pillaging on the way. Upon reaching Quha, he was a day's journey away from Abu Sa'id's camp, but as night fell, most of his amir deserted him for the Ilkhan. Instead of facing the Ilkhanid army, he withdrew. Upon reaching Saveh, he sent his wife Sati Beg back to Abu Sa'id. He then traveled in the direction of Tabas, with the intention of finding refuge in Transoxiana. Qazvin may refer to: Qazvin (city) Qazvin province Note: Qazvin province was created in 1996; older references to Qazvin are invariably to the city. ... Tabas (طبس) is a desert city in the Iranian province of Khorasan. ...

Upon reaching the Murghab River, he changed his mind and headed for Khurasan. He was given a friendly welcome into Herat by the local Kartid ruler, Ghiyath ud-Din. However, when he received an order by the Ilkhan, his master,to execute Coban, Ghiyath had no choice but to obey. Coban and his son Jela'u Khan were both killed. As Coban's friend, Ghiyath ordered that he be killed by strangulation, which was considered a honorary way to die. The Kartid leader then sent one of Coban's fingers to Abu Sa'id as proof of the deed. Many of Coban's sons were to also die in the next few years. He was buried in Medina, in the cemetery of Baqi, under the supervision of his daughter Bagdad Katun. This article is about the Saudi city of Medina. ...

Coban's Children

• Hasan
• Timurtas
• Demasq Kaja
• Shaikh Mahmud
• Bagdad Katun (daughter)

By Dowlandi Katun: Amir Hasan was a Chobanid prince of the Ilkhanate in the early 14th century. ... Timurtas (also known as Temürtas), (d. ... Shaikh Mahmud (d. ... Bagdad Katun (d. ...

• Jela'u Khan

By Korducin (probably second wife):

• Siuksah
• Yagi Basti
• Nowruz

By Sati Beg:

• Surgan

References

• Charles Melville and 'Abbas Zaryab. http://www.iranica.com/articles/search/searchpdf.isc?ReqStrPDFPath=/home1/iranica/articles/v5_articles/chobanids&OptStrLogFile=/home/iranica/public_html/logs/pdfdownload.html

• • J. A. Boyle (1968). The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume Five: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. ISBN 052106936X