Cochinchina was a puppet state established by the Japanese in central China during the Second Japanese-Chinese War (1937-1945). It was established by Wang Chingwei who became head of state of the Japanese-supported government based in Nanjing. Its name should not be confused with French colony of Cochin China. Since it claimed to be the rightful Republic of China, it flew the same flag as the Nationalist forces, which is still flown in Taiwan. During the war, the Japanese Army committed atrocities in the area, notably the Rape of Nanjing. At the time the Commander of the Japanese forces was General Toshizo Nishio. He represented the Japanese Government on land and served as Commander-in-Chief of the Imperial Japanese Army expeditionary forces on all China mainland fronts. He was succeeded by General Neiji Okamura. On September 9, 1945, following the defeat of Japan in World War II, the area was surrendered to General Ho Ying-ching, a Nationalist officer in the armies of General Chiang Kai-shek. A puppet state is a state whose government, though notionally of the same culture as the governed people - owes its existence (or other major debt) to being installed, supported or controlled by a more powerful entity, typically a foreign power. ... The Second Sino-Japanese War was a major invasion of eastern China by Japan preceding and during World War II. It ended with the surrender of Japan in 1945. ... Wang Jingwei (Traditional Chinese: 汪精衛, Simplified Chinese: 汪精卫, Hanyu Pinyin: Wāng Jīngwèi, Wade-Giles: Wang Ching-wei) (1883 - November 1944), was a member of the left wing of the Kuomintang and is most noted from breaking with Chiang Kai-Shek and forming a Japanese supported collaborationist government in Nanjing. ... Though a term originally coined for Republican presidents, a head of state or chief of state is now universally known as the chief public representative of a nation-state, federation or commonwealth, whose role generally includes personifying the continuity and legitimacy of the state and exercising the political powers, functions... Nanjing (Chinese: 南京; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Nan-ching; Postal System Pinyin: Nanking), formerly known as Nanking, is the capital of Jiangsu province and a prominent historical and cultural city in China. ... Cochin China (also known as Cochinchina or in French, Cochinchine) was the southernmost part of Vietnam beside Cambodia. ... The Republic of China (Traditional Chinese: 中華民國; Simplified Chinese: 中华民国; Wade-Giles: Chung-hua Min-kuo, Tongyong Pinyin: JhongHuá MínGuó, Hanyu Pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínguó, Taiwanese POJ: Tiong-hoâ Bîn-kok) is a multiparty democratic state that is effectively composed of the island groups of Taiwan, the Pescadores, Quemoy... This article is in need of attention. ... The Imperial Japanese Army (大日本帝国陸軍 Dai-Nippon Teikoku Rikugun) was the official armed force of Japan from 1867 to 1945. ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km (over 11 miles) into the air, August 9, 1945 after the Allied atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. ... Chiang Kai-shek (October 31, 1887–April 5, 1975) was a Chinese military and political leader who assumed the leadership of the Kuomintang (KMT) after the death of Sun Yat-sen in 1925. ...

Political limits and extension

This state consisted of the Japanese-held territories of Kiangsu, Anhwei, and the north sector of Chekiang, from 1937. Its political borders changed along with movement in the Japanese front lines. For example, when Japan launched a December 1941 offensive, the state extended to Honan, Hupei and parts of Shansi province. The important port of Shanghai, and for shorter times Hankow and Wuchang, were under its control. The puppet state collapsed with the Japanese defeat in August 1945. Jiangsu (Simplified Chinese: 江苏; Traditional Chinese: 江蘇; pinyin: Jiāngsū; Wade-Giles: Chiang-su; Postal System Pinyin: Kiangsu) is a province of the Peoples Republic of China, located along the east coast of the country. ... Anhui (Chinese: 安徽; pinyin: Ānhuī; Wade-Giles: An-hui; Postal System Pinyin: Ngan-hui, Anhwei or An-hwei) is a province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Zhejiang (Chinese: 浙江; pinyin: Zhèjiāng; Wade-Giles: Che-chiang; Postal System Pinyin: Chehkiang or Chekiang) is a eastern coastal province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Not to be confused with the unrelated provinces of Hainan and Hunan Henan (Chinese: 河南; pinyin: Hénán; Wade-Giles: Ho-nan), is a province of the Peoples Republic of China, located in the central part of the country. ... Not to be confused with the unrelated province of Hebei Hubei (Chinese: 湖北; pinyin: Húběi; Wade-Giles: Hu-pei, also seen as Hupeh), abbreviated to 鄂 (pinyin: È, WG: O), a province of the Peoples Republic of China, lies to the north of the Dongting Lake, giving it the... Not to be confused with the neighboring province of Shaanxi Shanxi (Chinese: 山西; pinyin: Shānxī; Wade-Giles: Shan-hsi; Postal System Pinyin: Shansi) is a northern province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Shanghai (Chinese: 上海; pinyin: ; Shanghainese IPA: ), situated on the banks of the Yangtze River Delta, is Chinas largest city. ... Hankou (漢口; pinyin: Hànkǒu; Wade-Giles: Hankow) is one of the three towns, together with Wuchang and Hanyang, which are included in modern day Wuhan, the capital of the Hubei province, in China. ... Wuchang (Chinese: 武昌; pinyin: Wǔchāng) is one of the three towns, together with Hankou and Hanyang, which are included in modern day Wuhan, the capital of the Hubei province, in China. ...

• Anhui: 51,888 square miles
  • Capital: Anking (and included the national capital of Nanjing)
• Jiangsu: 41,818 square miles
  • Capital: Chingkiang
• Zhejiang: 39,780 square miles
  • Capital: Hanzhou

Though the north sector of Shangdong and Hopeh theoretically formed part of this political entity, these areas were actually administered by the Commander of the Japanese North Front. The south sector also had a Japanese military commander. Each front was essentially its own Japanese military fief with its own political administration, economy, and leadership under the Japanese commander. Hebei (Chinese: 河北; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Ho-pei; Postal System Pinyin: Hopeh) is a northern province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Under the system of feudalism, a fiefdom, fief, feud or fee, consisted of heritable lands or revenue-producing property granted by a liege lord in return for a vassal knights service (usually fealty, military service, and security). ...

Government, economy, education and everyday life

Government and political administration

This temporary state was founded March 29, 1940. It had a local administration with "local" Yuan Legislative (Parliament), and "native" Cabinet, the Yuan Executive under the Japanese-supported President and Head of State, Wang Chingwei. The real political power, however, remained with the Commander of the Japanese Army Central Chinese Front and the respective Japanese political entity formed by Japanese Counsellors. The "government" had its center in Nanjing, under strict supervision by the Japanese occupiers. It was known by several names including the Chinese National Government, Central National Government or the Republic of China-Nanjing. The Japanese set up local "nationalist" parties and movements, which supported the Japanese cause. Wang Jingwei (Traditional Chinese: 汪精衛, Simplified Chinese: 汪精卫, Hanyu Pinyin: Wāng Jīngwèi, Wade-Giles: Wang Ching-wei) (1883 - November 1944), was a member of the left wing of the Kuomintang and is most noted from breaking with Chiang Kai-Shek and forming a Japanese supported collaborationist government in Nanjing. ...

After obtain the approval of the Japanese to establish a Nationalist government in Nanjing with himself as leader, Wang ordered a The Sixth Guomindang Representative Congress to establish the government, the conference hall flanked by the "blue-sky white-sun red-earth" national flag as well as the "blue-sky white-sun" Nationalist Party flag, which flanked a large portrait of Sun Yat-Sen. And on March 19, 1940, just before the session of the Central Political Conference which finalized the government preparation process, he visited Sun's tomb in Nanjing's Purple Mountain. Wang attempted to establish the legitimacy of his government as the successor of Sun Yat-sen. As a confidant to Sun, he transcribed Sun's will, or the Zongli's Testament and was a high level official in the Nationalist government.

In order to discredit the legitimacy of the Chongquing government, Wang needed to adopt the flag of the Nationalist government of China. This would, he hoped, establish Wang as the rightful successor to Sun, bringing the government back home to Nanjing.

Wang Chingwei's German connections

During political actions of the Nationalist government in Nanjing prior to the Japanese invasion,Wang Chingwei formed part of the Nationalist establishment. This was not without internal strife and in one case led to a Nationalist Army officer attempting to kill Wang and other high ranking officers. As a result Wang Chingwei was sent to Germany for treatment for his wounds. After recovering he travelled to Berlin and had a conference with Adolf Hitler before returning to mainland China to continue with his attempts to overthrow the central government.   Berlin? (pronounced: , German ) is the capital of Germany and its largest city, with 3,426,000 inhabitants (as of January 2005); down from 4. ... Adolf Hitler (April 20, 1889–April 30, 1945) was the Führer und Reichskanzler (Leader and Imperial chancellor) of Germany from 1933 to his death. ...

Wang posessed great influence in government and your partidaires stay in clave positions in Hankow and other chinese cities.he sustained at Generalisimo Chiang Kai shek, why the peace with Japanese are well why comunist victory.the Guomingdang forbiden al Young organization and ordered why all students are incorporated to semi-fascists" 1° Young Corps San Min Chu ",organized with similar pattern of German and Italian fascist Young organizations. existing some lazes with Italy debt at certain italian citizens in china aided in active form at Wang Chingwei government during conflict. others supporters are White russians and germans in area during your colaborationist government.

Theories about Wang Chingwei's collaborations with the Japanese

Foreing journalists are divided over evidence which poses Wang Chingwei in Chinese-Japanese War.ones inclined to beliving why Wang no are one "puppet leader" common,without,to get out of Chungking in december 1938 with Chiang Kai Shek aprobation for server how possibly contact between Nationalists and Japanese and eased in your limits the lifestyle at Chinese in Japanese held lands,when he take charge of administration of these lands for obtain the warranties possibly for your people.the result of such policy having one future mix Nanjing Puppet regime with Chungking administration then why chinese having secure the best peace possibly conditions why can to obtain of Japanese.these action in accord with foreig observers poses some similarities in Chinese-Japanese relations.other theory if Wang take this action with Chiang aprobal,no debt exist any reason for Nationalist agents treated to assassinated in Hanoi,where scaped for why theirs cofused he with your secretaire additionally if knowed why Wang are ambitious and for he are same why stay in one band or other at your convenience,for treasones more causes in previous occasions.

Other foreign and native political observations of the Nanjing Government and the northern Chinese areas

The Beijing administration(East Yi Anti-Comunist Autonomous Administration) was under the commander-in-chief of the Japanese North China Front, until the Yellow River area came under the influence sphere of the Central Chinese Front. During this same time period the middle Chekiang to the Canton area was administered from the South Chinese Front. These small largely independent 'fiefs' had local money, local leaders, and frequent squabbles. Beijing   listen? (Chinese: 北京; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Pei-ching; Postal System Pinyin: Peking) is the capital city of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC). ... For other Yellow Rivers, see Yellow River (disambiguation). ...

These political phenomena were analyzed by the American journalist Jim Tew who worked on the Japanese Advertiser, a Japanese independent newspaper, which was American-owned. (He was also aware of the realities in Mengjiang and the White Russian anti-communist parties authorized by the Japanese Army in Manchukuo.) Mengjiang, (蒙疆 in pinyin: Měngjiāng; in Wade-Giles: Meng-chiang; Postal Pinyin: Mengkiang), Meng Chiang, also known in English as Mongol Border Land, was a puppet state in northern China (consisted of Chahar and Suiyuan provinces) controlled by Japan. ... The term White Russian may refer to: A member of the White movement, which opposed the Bolsheviks after the October Revolution and fought against the Red Army during the Russian Civil War. ... It has been suggested that Manchukuo (administration) be merged into this article or section. ...

The case of the Nanjing pro-Japanese administration was researched by Chester Holcombe, a young journalist from Rochester, New York, who arriving to Shanghai to interview the "head of government". This interview was published in the newspaper of Shanghai, The China Weekly Review, under the title The Nanjing Prisoner. This annoyed the Japanese Army and the local civil establishment. Holcombe was blacklisted, and death threats were made against him if he returned. Rochester, also known as both The Flower City, and The Flour City, is a city in Monroe County, New York, United States. ... Shanghai (Chinese: 上海; pinyin: ; Shanghainese IPA: ), situated on the banks of the Yangtze River Delta, is Chinas largest city. ...

Wang Chingwei traveled to the Japanese capital (Tokyo) in 1941 for meetings with his Japanese overseers. In Tokyo the "Nanjing Government" Minister and Vice president Chou Fo-hai commented to the Asahi Shimbun that the Japanese establishment was making little progress in the Nanjing area. This quote provoked anger from Kumataro Honda, the Japanese Ambassador and Consellor in Nanjing. Chou Fo-hai petitioned for total control of its central provinces for the "National Government". The modern skyline of Tokyo is highly decentralized. ... Asahi Shimbun (朝日新聞; Asahi Shinbun) is a national leading newspaper in Japan, though the circulation, which is 8,200,000 as of 2005, is behind that of Yomiuri Shimbun. ...

A common monopolistic economic policy was applied in the area, to the benefit of Japanese zaibatsu and local representatives, with the permission of Japanese Army, when supposedly these companies had equal treatment with the "local" Chinese companies of the "Government". The President of the Yuan legislative in Nanjing, Cheng Kung-po, commented on this to theKaizo Japanese review. The "nation" had an Embassy in Yokohama (as Manchukuo did). This article is about economic monopoly. ... Zaibatsu (Japanese: 財閥) is a Japanese term meaning money clique or conglomerate. ... Japans honor guard often marches to greet the arrival of foreign dignitaries. ... For the town of Yokohama in Aomori Prefecture, see Yokohama, Aomori. ...

Economy

The local economy was administered primarily for the Japanese Army of the Central Front. Military planners installed an Occupation Economy with wartime money. A "local" Central Bank and supposed "native" entities, but administered for Japanese consellors and Japanese Army in the area. The natives had more access coveted war-time luxuries and Japanese Army possesed things such as matches, rice, tea, coffee, cigars, foods and liquours that were scarce in Japan proper. Additional entertainment such as Brothels, casinos and bars were managed by the Japanese and local servants for the military. The purpose of this control was alleguedly to impeded the monetry depreciation of Yen so as to maintain strength of Japanese currency on the continent. Japans honor guard often marches to greet the arrival of foreign dignitaries. ... Japans honor guard often marches to greet the arrival of foreign dignitaries. ... Prostitution is the sale of sexual services (typically manual stimulation, oral sex, sexual intercourse, or anal sex) for cash or other kind of return, generally indiscriminately with many persons. ... Declining-balance depreciation of a $50,000 asset with $6,500 salvage value over 20 years. ... A 1,000 yen note, featuring the portrait of Natsume Soseki. ...

In previous times at War the regular chinese rents per capita(1930) are ones 11 Us Dollar.actually your money are downing,your Chinese Dollar are falling untill poses values of 7% of your Gold valuation,and finish of 1942,having loss more of 95% of your value,obligued your augment in circulation in 50 times,and continuing your descend still.

In Chinese ocupied by Japanese forces,the prices of basic articles are raised much over your real value;in Shanghai during 1941,the monetary values stay 11 times higth of your real stimation.in manchukuo ocurred similar still Japanese heavy economical centralized control.

The japanese ocupation causing severe damages at chinese economy,with previous troubles before at conflict. before at Japanese invasion in 1937,the Chinese Economical titles selling in overseas,produced one 16%;now the chinese credit debt are reorganized and reinforzed with international aid.additionally exist the terrible situation why suffering ones 200 Milions of Chinese in occupied lands,why stay obliged to realizing one considerably smuggling,joining at general use of Black Market with another 50 milions of chinese refuges in Free China land in west area,for obtain minimal neededs,if very difficult of sayed over Chinese Economy in occupied lands.

Education

Education in Cochinchina was similar to that in other areas of China administered by Japan. The Japanese strategy was to create suitable workers for factories, mines, and manual labor. Some pressed for more meaningful "native" progress under Japanese rule. This is similar to activities that occurred in Manchukuo. The Japanese attempted to introduce elements of their own culture and dress as well as the creation of cultural foundations, Shinto temples and similar centers in order to instill their culture and values on the local population. These activities came to a halt at the end of the war.

Daily life

Daily life was difficult in both the puppet state of the Japanese and the Japanese mainland. The Japanese Kempeitai, local police and the locals in the service of the Japanese censored all information, monitored any opposition and tortured enemies. The local residents used the Black Market to obtain needed items or to influence the ruling power establishment. Japanese stablished POW detention centers, Concentration camps as well as Kamikaze training centers for indoctrinating pilots. Kempeitai (憲兵隊, Law Soldier Regiment) was the military police of the Imperial Japanese Army. ... The black market is the sector of economic activity involving illegal economic dealings, typically the buying and selling of merchandise illegally. ... Geneva Convention definition A prisoner of war (POW) is a soldier, sailor, airman, or marine who is imprisoned by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict. ... A concentration camp is a large detention centre created for political opponents, aliens, specific ethnic or religious groups, civilians of a critical war-zone, or other groups of people, often during a war. ... A kamikaze, a Mitsubishi Zero in this case, about to hit the USS Missouri. ...

Population

The population was, probably, approximately in line with these 1937-38 interior affairs ministry figures:

• Jiangsu: 15,804,623
• Anhui: 23,354,188
• Zhejiang: 21,230,749

with no account taken of the outer regions or areas occupied by later advances.

The major cities were:

• Nanjing: More than a million inhabitants
• Shanghai: 3,703,430 (75,000 foreigners)
• Suzhou: 576,000
• Hanzhou: 389,000
• Shaoning: 250000
• Ningpoo: 250000
• Hankow: 804,526 (during its temporary control)

Others cyphers about population in these areas:

• Shanghai:3,500,000 inhabitants
• Nanjing:1,100,000 residents
• Hankow:778,000 inhabitants

National defense

The Japanese Army during its control decided to organize a local puppet army, supposedly to defend the "nation". In reality it served as a second line and security army for the Chinese war. For this purpose they organized a local air force, giving some Nakajima Ki-34 "Thora" (for military activities and troop transport), Nakajima Ki-27b "Nate", Tachikawa Ki-55 "Ida" (for training), Tachikawa Ki-9 "Spruce" (reconnaissance and training) and some Nakajima Ki-43Ia Hayabusa "Oscar" (for defense). The Nakajima Ki-43 Hayabusa (隼, Peregrine Falcon) was a single-engined fighter used by the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force in World War II. The army designation was Type 1 Fighter (一式戦闘機); the Allied codename was Oscar. ...

For the native army, Japan provided someType 94 TK Ligth Tank, Type 89 Medium Tanks and Type 95 Light Tanks ("Ha-Go"),German Helmets, cannon, mortars, light AA cannon, Type 38 Year Meiji Carbine, Arisaka rifles, Type 99 Rifles and Nambu pistols. This is probably why the Imperial Japanese Navy assumed total control of Shanghai seaport, and rivers port in Hankow and Wuchang. The nation had a regular police service under Japanese control. This is likely similar to the situation at Kangde. The local politicians and media consistently provided pro-Japanese propaganda. It would include phrases praising the "heroic efforts of the Imperal troops" and would argue for a "national defense against communism and western interests". Arisaka is a family of Japanese military bolt-action rifles, in production from approximately 1906 until the end of World War II. Common specimens include the Type 38 rifle chambered in the 6. ... -Type 99 Rifle Introduced year : 1939 Caliber : 7. ... Nambu Pistol Model 14 (1925) The Nambu pistol was a semi-automatic pistol used by the Imperial Japanese Army and Navy during the First and Second World Wars. ... The Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) (大日本帝國海軍 Dai-Nippon Teikoku Kaigun or 日本海軍 Nippon Kaigun) was the navy of Japan before 1945. ... Shanghai (Chinese: 上海; pinyin: ; Shanghainese IPA: ), situated on the banks of the Yangtze River Delta, is Chinas largest city. ... Hankou (漢口; pinyin: Hànkǒu; Wade-Giles: Hankow) is one of the three towns, together with Wuchang and Hanyang, which are included in modern day Wuhan, the capital of the Hubei province, in China. ... Wuchang (Chinese: 武昌; pinyin: Wǔchāng) is one of the three towns, together with Hankou and Hanyang, which are included in modern day Wuhan, the capital of the Hubei province, in China. ... Aisin-Gioro Puyi¹ (February 7, 1906 - October 17, 1967) was the Xuantong Emperor (宣統皇帝) of China between 1908 and 1924 (ruling emperor between 1908 and 1912, and non-ruling emperor between 1912 and 1924), the tenth (and last) emperor of the Manchu Qing Dynasty to rule over China. ...

Chinese forces captured some ,members of Wang Chingwei Army during figths.one of these prisoners are certain soldiers under Wang Bu-ching ,general of Nanjing Pro-japanese Army.the enemy prisoners of low level sugest to integtrated at figth joining at anti-japanese forces,but at higth rank prisoners are executed.

Japanese methods of recruiting some volunteers for puppet local armies in Chinese central area

during conflicts in Chinese central area Japanese utilized different tecniques for recruiting "volunteers" at your collaborationist forces.for example for media of local servants how Tao-liang,one great local landowner why using your contacts for recruit local peasants for money or foods or Nanjing-Pro Japanese governor with similar methods.theirs obtain ones 5,000 "voluntaires" in Anhwei area for local Nanjing Army. Japanese forces or local servants inclusive used phrases how "Deposed your weapons,and takes the Plow","Opposed at Communists Bandits"or "Opposed to Corrupted Government and support at Reformed Nanjing Government".

other sistem if subcontract at local delictive bandits with drug traffics money,weapons,or sacking products for making in your servers.with these sistem obtain well aiders to criminal orders in fronts or served how antiguerrilla units during conflict in area.

Japanese used another methods for gaining local population in Central provinces.at first times lands are dominated for terror ,but debt at analizes for Japanese military ideologysts changed the sistem: during 1939 japanese army confiscated propierties of great landowners to divided in little propierties for guiving at local peasants how giving in moon year,and sended candies & foods to children's and ordered to Japanese soldiers for no violated any women in area.additionally theirs envoyed your medical services at chinese persons for vacunated against Viruela Cholera,typhus and treatment other diseases.other method for obtain surrender of Chinese are why japanese airplanes launchered paper leaflets with instructions for how arriving at any japanese detachment with white surrender flag and receiving the instructions for giving weapon for receiving money or food or other similar procedures.

in Chinese occupied lans raising one religious budist leader,"Shao-Kung".these leader,proposed at Chinese people for media of public comunicates or in speeches,the real alliance with Japan how the most adequate and the rupture of all relations with western powers.

in Shanghai during Japanese occupation in 1938 launched one manifest where remember the Japanese alliance ,for mantain the "Moral Supremacy" and accused at Marschal Chiang-KaiShek of treason for mantain the western alliancehe present at manchukuo how real example of these alliance propose for himself.

Farming and mining

Before and during Japanese Control of this "nation", the farming possibilities were as follows:

Winter Wheat and Kaoliang Zone

• Precipitation in Inches:24
• Growning Epoch, in days:241
• Land Cultivated in square Miles:118,993
• Land Cultivated in total percentages:47 or 68%
• Percentage of Peasants arrendataries:5%
• principal Cultive Surfaces per farms in Acres:5,1
• Peasant population for square mile of principal farming:1,165

-Distribution Surface of Farmings, for products and percentages:

• Wheat:46%
• Mice:23%
• Corn:16%
• Cotton:9%
• Kaoliang:19%

-Distribution of Domestic Animals in percentages:

• Oxes:40%
• Donkeys:21%
• Mules:16%

-Localities with determined transport media in percentages:

• Loaders:32%
• Hand carts:36%
• Loader Animal:21%
• Carts:60%

-Typical products:

• Azufaifes, Forages.

Yangtze Rice and Wheat Zone

• Precipitation in Inches:42
• Growning Epoch, in days:293
• Land Cultivated in square Miles:40,328
• Land Cultivated in total percentages:61 or 25%%
• Percentage of Peasants arrendataries:25%
• principal Cultive Surfaces per farms in Acres:3,5
• Peasant population for square mile of principal farming:1,360

-Distribution Surface of Farmings, for products and percentages:

• Rice:58%
• Wheat:31%
• Cotton:13%
• Barley:19%

-Distribution of Domestic Animals in percentages:

• Oxes:40%
• Carabao:42%
• Pigs:15%

-Localities with determined transport media in percentages:

• Loaders:41%
• Hand carts:22%
• little vessels % boats:33%

-Typical products:

• Bamboo.

Land in cultivation

• Anhwei:
  • Percentage of land in cultivation: 22.7%
  • Acres of cultivated land per person: 0.38
• Kiangsu:
  • Percentage of land in cultivation: 52.4%
  • Acres extension of cultivated land per person:0,39
• Chekiang:
  • Percentage of land in cultivation: 26.3%
  • Acres extension of cultivatd land per person:0,30

For mining resources see Empire of Japan (natural resources, Asia mainland and Pacific areas, after 1937) This article needs to be Cleaned Up. ...

Industry & Commerce

over industry and commerce, in Shanghai exist more factories for developed the silk and cotton, much of theirs with Japanese and foreing capital previous at war.other notably instalation if the "Shanghai Power Plant" in plenty center of city, with capacity of produced ones 200,000 Kilowatts. these powerplant use coal of North china and other chinese areas.about commerce from 1843, to present the port of Shanghai are one commerce door of china, why during 1935 are the most importanf joining at New York, Londres, San Francisco, Kobe, Liverpool, Los Angeles, Hong-Kong, Hamburg and Rotterdam.these city poses other industries for practically poses the cuasy midde of total of all Chinese modern industry in this time.additional to South Manchurian Railway Company and for linking the north china and Central china rails,Japanese civil stablisment,chinese local bussinessmens servants and Imperial Japanese Army,founded in Hopei,Shangtung and Northem chinese areas,the North China Railway Company.at same time in Nanjing Pro-Japanese Govern ment with accord of "native" Japanese Stablishmen and Japanese Central Chinese Army autorities,organized the Central China Railway Company for managed Ahnwei,Kiangsu,north Chekiang and your links with rails in nearest areas and Southern Japanese Chinese Army held lands,for economical and strategical reasons.is probably why how Manchu case,Japanese organized your "local" Shipping merchant vessel company and Commerce Autority Entity for managed of Commercial traffic in Shanghai International port in these days. The South Manchuria Railway Company (Japanese: 満鉄）; Mantetsu) was a company founded by Japan in 1906, after the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905), and operated in Japanese-occupied Manchuria. ...

Figths and other military succes in area

-This section if related over Figthings and combats in area:

• The First Shanghai Incident

Date : Feb., 1932 Place : Shanghai, China Opponent : Chinese Army

-Tank Unit----2nd Independent Tank Company -Commander---- Captain Shigemi -Tanks----5 Type 89 Medium Tanks, 10 Renault NC27s

By the influence of the Manchurian Incident, a battle between Japan and China occurred in Shanghai. Japan sent a tank company in order to support the Shanghai SNLF, which were fighting in Shanghai.

In Shanghai there were lots of creek and houses were crowded, so the attacks by the tanks were frequently checked by the Chinese forces.

During this battle, the tank made in Japan had shown a good performance in action. On the other hand, the suspension of the Renault tank was fragile and caused lots of troubles. Renault tanks had been retired after this battle.

• The Second Shanghai Incident

Date : Aug., 1937 Place : Shanghai, China Opponent : Chinese Army

-Tank Unit----5th Tank Battalion -Commander----Colonel Hosomi -Tanks----32 Type 89 Medium Tanks, 15 Type 94 Tankettes

When the Sino-Japanese war began, the Chinese attacked the Japanese in the settlement of Shanghai. There, the Shanghai SNLF (2,500 men) was defending the settlement, but they were outnumbered by the Chinese (50,000 men). Japan sent two divisions and other units including one tank battalion to Shanghai.

The Japanese forces landed on the north of Shanghai and attacked the Chinese in the suburbs of Shanghai. However, there are many creeks and the Chinese were resisting strongly, so the Japanese fought desperately to raise the siege of the Chinese. After one month fight, the Chinese were driven away from Shanghai.

• Battle of Chekiang-Kiangsi(April 18,1942):

-Note: As a conseuqence of the Doolittle raid, Japanese forces began intensive operations on the Chinese central front. The Doolittle Raid was a bomber raid launched by the United States on the Japanese mainland on April 18, 1942. ...

On April 18,1942,USAAF B-25 Mitchellaircraft took off from theUSS Hornet, a US Navy aircraft carrier, in an effort to bomb Tokyo, Yokohama and Nagoya. Called the Doolittle raid, after the commander of the raid, Lieutenant Colonel James Doolittle, this attack caused minimal damage. The original plan for the attack was to land at friendly Chinese airfields beyond the control of the Japanese occupation forces. Because the aircraft had to take off from the aircraft carrier earlier than planned, however, most of the aircraft crashed in Japanese-occupied areas. Since the Japanese occupying forces realized that the aircraft had originally intended to land in friendly hidden airfields of Middle Chekiang, the Japanese Army Dai Honei (General Headquarters)in Tokyo, ordered the Imperial Japanese Army expeditionary Forces and Chinese local collaborationist army elements in the Chinese Central Area to occupy these airfields rapidly to prevent further American air attacks on the Japanese homeland. These Japanese-led attacks are called the Chekiang-Kiangsi campaign. USAAF recruitment poster. ... B-25 Mitchell, England, 2001 B-25 Mitchell was a twin-engined, medium bomber manufactured by North American Aviation in the United States and used during World War II. By the time production of the plane ended, roughly 10,000 had been built, including PBJ-1 Navy Patrol Bomber and... Eight ships of the United States Navy have been named USS Hornet, after the stinging insect. ... The modern skyline of Tokyo is highly decentralized. ... For the town of Yokohama in Aomori Prefecture, see Yokohama, Aomori. ... Nagoya Castle in June of 2004. ... The Doolittle Raid was a bomber raid launched by the United States on the Japanese mainland on April 18, 1942. ... Zhejiang (Chinese: 浙江; pinyin: Zhèjiāng; Wade-Giles: Che-chiang; Postal System Pinyin: Chehkiang or Chekiang) is a eastern coastal province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... The Imperial Japanese Army (大日本帝国陸軍 Dai-Nippon Teikoku Rikugun) was the official armed force of Japan from 1867 to 1945. ...

observed the general situation,Supreme Chinese Commander-in-Chief General Chiang Kai-shek in coordination with American forces in China,ordered at 3° War Zone why prevent decisive encounters , mantain sustain resistance and recovered the Americans ,having this realizing during combats for third Months. in theirs Japanese suffering 17,000 losses and somes USAAF Airmens are rescued and sended to secure chinese pro Allied positions.for suppose japanese forces take revenge with all natives why poses souvenirs things of Americans or giving refugee at theirs committed massive assassinations and burned towns and other war crimes in your retireing too.in these days Japanese forces having captured Philippines,Burma,Malaysia,and Dutch Indies. Chiang Kai-shek (October 31, 1887–April 5, 1975) was a Chinese military and political leader who assumed the leadership of the Kuomintang (KMT) after the death of Sun Yat-sen in 1925. ... USAAF recruitment poster. ... In general, allies are people or groups that have joined an alliance and are working together to achieve some common purpose. ... A war crime is a punishable offense, under international law, for violations of the law of war by any person or persons, military or civilian. ... The Dutch East Indies, or Netherlands East Indies, (Dutch: Nederlands Indië) was the name of the colonies set up by the Dutch East India Company, which came under administration of the Netherlands during the 19th century (see Indonesia). ...

Another Japanese-Made "Nations" in Chinese held lands

respect at existence of other Japanese-Made "Countries" or "Political Independent" entities in China Mainland,see next link:

• -The Dadao puppet municipal government of Shanghai and others Japanese made "countries" in occupied China (1937-1940)

The Dadao puppet municipal government of Shanghai and other Japanese made countries in occupied China(1937-1940): at appareing the imagination of Japanese ideologyst and thinkers no poses any limits in created some Political entities or independent Nations in your controlled lands previous or during Pacific War. ...

External links

• Cochinchina (Nanjing Government) National Flag
• Central China Railway Company Flag, under Japanese Army control