|
The Codex Calixtinus is a 12th century illuminated manuscript formerly attributed to Pope Callixtus II, though now believed to have been arranged by the French scholar Aymeric Picaud. The principal author is actually given as Scriptor I. Image File history File links Codex_Calixtinus_(Liber_Sancti_Jacobi)_F0173k. ...
Image File history File links Codex_Calixtinus_(Liber_Sancti_Jacobi)_F0173k. ...
For people and places called Saint James, see the diambiguation page. ...
(11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. ...
In the strictest definition of illuminated manuscript, only manuscripts decorated with gold or silver, like this miniature of Christ in Majesty from the Aberdeen Bestiary (folio 4v), would be considered illuminated. ...
Callixtus II, né Guido of Vienne (d. ...
It was intended as an anthology of background detail and advice for pilgrims following the "Way of St. James" to the grave of the apostle Saint James the Great, sited at the cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, Galicia. The codex is alternatively known as the Liber Sancti Jacobi, or the Book of Saint James. For albums named Pilgrim, see Pilgrim (album). ...
St James the Moor Slayer. ...
Apostle (in Koine Greek απόστολος apostolos [1], someone sent forth/sent out on a mission, an emissary) is a technical term used in the New Testament and in Christian literature generally for a special envoy of Jesus Christ. ...
For people and places called Saint James, see the diambiguation page. ...
A cathedral is a Christian church building, specifically of a denomination with an episcopal hierarchy (such as the Roman Catholic Church or the Lutheran or Anglican churches), which serves as the central church of a bishopric. ...
The Obradoiro façade of the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela: an all-but-Gothic composition generated entirely of classical details Santiago de Compostela (2003 pop. ...
Motto: Capital Santiago de Compostela Official languages Galician and Castilian Area – Total – % of Spain Ranked 7th 29 574 km² 5,8% Population – Total (2003) – % of Spain – Density Ranked 5th 2 737 370 6,5% 92,36/km² Demonym – English – Galician – Spanish – Portuguese Galician galego gallego galego Statute of Autonomy April...
first page of the Codex Argenteus A codex (Latin for book; plural codices) is a handwritten book from late Antiquity or the Early Middle Ages. ...
The collection includes sermons, reports of miracles and liturgical texts associated with Saint James. In it are also found descriptions of the route, works of art to be seen along the way, and the customs of the local people. A sermon is an oration by a prophet or member of the clergy. ...
According to many religions, a miracle, derived from the old Latin word miraculum meaning something wonderful, is a striking interposition of divine intervention by God in the universe by which the operations of the ordinary course of Nature are overruled, suspended, or modified. ...
From the Greek word λειτουÏγια, which can be transliterated as leitourgia, meaning the work of the people, a liturgy comprises a prescribed religious ceremony, according to the traditions of a particular religion; it may refer to, or include, an elaborate formal ritual (such as the Catholic Mass), a daily activity such...
History
The Codex Calixtinus was written by a number of different authors and compiled as a single volume between 1130 and 1140. It is thought that in order to lend authority to their work, the authors prefaced the book with a forged letter purportedly signed by Pope Callixtus II (who had already died in 1124). Events February 13 - Innocent II is elected pope An antipope schism occurs when Roger II of Sicily supports Anacletus II as pope instead of Innocent II. Innocent flees to France and Anacletus crowns Roger King. ...
Events Henry Jasomirgott was made count palatine of the Rhine. ...
The earliest known edition of the codex is that held in the archives of the Catedral Metropolitana de Santiago de Compostela, and dates from about 1150. Another example of a similar age is known as The Ripoll (after the Catalonian town), and is kept in Barcelona. The Obradoiro façade of the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela: an all-but-Gothic composition generated entirely of classical details Santiago de Compostela Cathedral is the historic burial-place of Saint James, one of the apostles of Jesus Christ. ...
Ripoll Ripoll is the capital of the comarca (county) of Ripollès, in the province of Girona, Catalonia, Spain. ...
Capital Barcelona Official languages Spanish and Catalan In Val dAran, also Aranese. ...
Barcelona within Barcelonès Population (2003) 1,582,738 Area 100. ...
The book was well-received by the Church of Rome, and copies of it were to be found from Rome to Jerusalem, but it was particularly popular at the Abbey of Cluny. The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ...
City motto: Senatus Populusque Romanus – SPQR (The Senate and the People of Rome) Founded 21 April 753 BC mythical, 1st millennium BC Region Latium Mayor Walter Veltroni (Left-Wing Democrats) Area - City Proper 1290 km² Population - City (2004) - Metropolitan - Density (city proper) 2,546,807 almost 4,000,000 1...
Jerusalem and the Old City. ...
The abbey today The Abbey of Cluny was founded in Cluny, Saône-et-Loire on 2 September 909 by the Duke of Aquitaine and Count of Auvergne, William I, who placed it under the immediate authority of Pope Sergius III. The Abbey and its constellation of dependencies soon came...
Composition The Santiago de Compostela copy comprises five volumes, totalling 225 double-sided folios each 295 by 214 mm. Its oversized pages were trimmed down during a restoration in 1966. With some exceptions, each folio displays a single column of thirty-four lines of text. Book IV had been torn off in 1609, either by accident or theft, and was reinstated during the restoration. Folio: In bookbinding, a sheet of paper, parchment, or other material folded in half to make two leaves in a codex. ...
The letter of Pope Callixtus II which opens the book, occupies both recto and verso of the first two folios. The author, who claims to be Callixtus II, tells how he collected many testimonies on the good deeds of Saint James, "traversing the cruel grounds and provinces for fourteen years". He also describes how the manuscript survived many hazards from fire to drowning. The letter is addressed "to the very holy assembly of the basilica of Cluny" and to "Diego, archbishop of Compostela". The recto of a broadsheet, pamphlet or any printed document is the side that is meant to be read first or the right-hand page of a folded sheet. ...
The verso of a broadsheet, pamphlet or any printed document is the side that is meant to be read second or the left-hand page of a folded sheet. ...
In law and in religion, testimony is a solemn attestation as to the truth of a matter. ...
The Basilica of St. ...
Book I - Book of the Liturgies Anthologia liturgica.
Book I accounts for almost half of all the codex and contains sermons and homilies concerning Saint James, two descriptions of his martyrdom and official liturgies for his veneration. Its relative size and the information it contains on the spiritual aspects of the pilgrimage make it the heart of the codex. Historically, a martyr is a person who dies for his or her religious faith. ...
...
Book II - Book of the Miracles De miraculi sancti Jacobi.
The hagiographic Book II is an account of twenty-two miracles across Europe attributed to Saint James. The recipients and witnesses to these miracles are often pilgrims. Hagiography is the study of saints. ...
Book III - Transfer of the body to Santiago Liber de translatione corporis sancti Jacobi ad Compostellam.
Book III is the briefest of the five books and describes the transfer of the body of Saint James from Jerusalem to his tomb in Galicia. It also tells of the custom started by the first pilgrims of gathering souvenir sea shells from the coast of Galicia. A tomb is a small building (or vault) for the remains of the dead, with walls, a roof, and (if it is to be used for more than one corpse) a door. ...
The hard, rigid outer calcium carbonate covering of certain animals is called a shell. ...
Book IV - The Conquests of Charlemagne L'Historia Karoli Magni et Rotholandi.
Book IV is attributed to Archbishop Turpín of Reims, although in fact it is the work of an anonymous writer of the 12th century. It describes the coming of Charlemagne to Spain, his defeat at the Battle of Roncevaux Pass and the death of the knight Roland. It relates how Saint James then appeared in a dream to Charlemagne, urging him to liberate his tomb from the Moors and showing him the direction to follow by the stars. Location within France Reims (English traditionally Rheims) (pronounced in French) is a city of northern France, 144 km (89 miles) east-northeast of Paris. ...
Charlemagne (ca. ...
| width=50%|Charlemagnes Franks | width=50%|Basques |- !colspan=2|Commanders |- |Roland (?) |unknown |- !colspan=2|Strength |- |unknown |unknown |- !colspan=2|Casualties |- |Complete destruction of the army |unknown |} |} The Roncevaux Pass (==Background== This battle was the last of Charlemagnes first campaign to capture Spain, an attempt that ended in failure. ...
Roland pledges his fealty to Charlemagne; from a manuscript of a chanson de geste. ...
The Moors were the medieval Muslim inhabitants of al-Andalus (the Iberian Peninsula including the present day Spain and Portugal) and the Maghreb, whose culture is often called Moorish. Juba II king of Mauretania // Origins of the name The name derives from the old Berber (barbarian) tribe of the Mauri...
Book V - A Guide for the Traveller Iter pro peregrinis ad Compostellam.
Book V is a wealth of practical advice for pilgrims, informing them where they should stop, relics they should venerate, and sanctuaries they should visit. It also describes the city of Santiago de Compostela and its cathedral. The book provides a valuable insight into the life of the 12th century pilgrim. The word relic comes from the Latin reliquiae (remains) and there are many pre-Christian instances of some bone or other part of the corpse, or some intimately associated object, carefully preserved with an air of veneration as a tangible memorial. ...
Sanctuary has multiple meanings. ...
The popular appeal of Book V led to it achieving the greatest fame.
Music The Codex Calixtinus was intended to be chanted aloud and is of great interest to musicologists as an early example of polyphony. In particular, it contains the first known composition for three voices. The popularity of the music has continued to the present day with modern recordings commercially available. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...
Polyphony is a musical texture consisting of several independent melodic voices, as opposed to music with just one voice (monophony) or music with one dominant melodic voice accompanied by chords (homophony). ...
References and further reading - Melczer, William (1993). The Pilgrim's Guide to Santiago De Compostela (English translation), Italica Pr. ISBN 0934977259.
|
Feeds |
Contact