The Coffin Text, which basically superseded the Pyramid Texts as magical funerary spells at the end of the EgyptianOld Kingdom, are principally a Middle Kingdom phenomenon, though we have found examples as early as the late Old Kingdom. In effect, they democratized the afterlife, eliminating the royal exclusivity of the Pyramid Text. The Pyramid Texts are a collection of ancient Egyptian religious texts from the time of the Old Kingdom, mostly inscriptions on the walls of pyramids. ... The Old Kingdom is the name commonly given to that period in the 3rd millennium BC when Egypt attained its first continuous peak of civilization complexity and achievement - this was the first of three so-called Kingdom periods which mark the high points of civilisation in the Nile Valley (the... The Middle Kingdom is a period in the history of ancient Egypt stretching from the establishment of the Eleventh dynasty to the end of the Fourteenth dynasty, roughly between 1986 BC and 1633 BC. The Beginning The Middle Kingdom is usually dated to when Pharaoh Mentuhotep II from Thebes defeated... Afterlife (also known as life after death) is a generic term referring to a continuation of existence, typically spiritual and experiential, beyond this world, or after death. ...
Mostly, as the modern name of this collection of spells implies, the text was found on Middle Kingdom coffins of officials and their subordinates. However, we may also find the spells inscribed on tomb walls, stelae, canopic chests, papyri and even mummy masks. Blank papyrus. ...
Religious texts to aid the dead kings in gaining entrance into heaven were carved on the stone walls of the mortuary chambers of some of the pyramids.
The ritual texts for the deceased which had originated in the ancient Pyramid Texts had developed into the elaborate Book of the Dead, which was written on a papyrus roll and enclosed in the tomb with the mummy.
The coffins were placed in walled recesses in the side of a rock or in shallow holes gouged out of the rocky plain.
The CoffinTexts, which basically superseded the Pyramid Texts as magical funerary spells at the end of the Egyptian Old Kingdom, are principally a Middle Kingdom phenomenon, though we have found examples as early as the late Old Kingdom.
The texts were inscribed on the actual coffin, usually painted in columns of cursive hieroglyphs inside the deceased's coffin.
There are over a thousand spells, and many of these texts were derived from the earlier Pyramid Texts. The CoffinTexts were intended to provide a guarantee of survival in the afterworld, and included such titles as "Spell for not dying a second death".
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