Coggeshall
Coggeshall shown within Essex
Population	3,919[1]
OS grid reference	TL853226
District	Braintree
Shire county	Essex
Region	East
Constituent country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	COLCHESTER
Postcode district	CO6
Dialling code	01376
Police	Essex
Fire	Essex
Ambulance	East of England
European Parliament	East of England
UK Parliament	Braintree
List of places: UK • England • Essex

Coordinates: 51°52′18″N 0°41′29″E / 51.8717, 0.6913 Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Red_pog2. ... For other meanings of Essex, see Essex (disambiguation). ... The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using latitude or longitude. ... The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government. ... Braintree is a local government district in the English county of Essex. ... Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties are one of the four levels of English administrative division used for the purposes of local government. ... For other meanings of Essex, see Essex (disambiguation). ... The region, also known as Government Office Region, is currently the highest tier of local government subnational entity of England in the United Kingdom. ... The East of England is one of the nine official regions of England. ... // Constituent country is a phrase used, often by official institutions, in contexts in which a historical, currently non-legally officially recognised country makes up a part of a larger entity or grouping. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... This list of sovereign states, alphabetically arranged, gives an overview of states around the world with information on the extent of their sovereignty. ... A post town is a required part of all UK postal addresses. ... UK postal codes are known as postcodes. ... The CO postcode area, also known as the Colchester postcode area[2], is a group of postal districts around Bures, Clacton-on-Sea, Colchester, Frinton-on-Sea, Halstead, Harwich, Manningtree, Sudbury and Walton-on-the-Naze in England. ... +44 redirects here. ... There are a number of policing agencies in the United Kingdom. ... Essex Police is a Home Office (territorial) police force with responsibility for policing the county of Essex in south east England. ... A Fire Appliance belonging to the Greater Manchester Fire and Rescue Service The fire service in the United Kingdom has undergone dramatic changes since the beginning of the 21st century, a process that has been propelled by a devolution of central government powers, new legislation and a change to operational... Essex County Fire and Rescue Service are the statutory fire fighting service for the county of Essex in the south-east of England. ... Badge of the East of England Ambulance Service The East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust is the authority responsible for providing NHS ambulance services in Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Luton, Norfolk, Peterborough, Southend-on-Sea, Suffolk and Thurrock, in the East of England region. ... This is a list of Members of the European Parliament for the United Kingdom in the 2004 to 2009 session, ordered by name. ... East of England is a constituency of the European Parliament. ... The United Kingdom House of Commons is made up of Members of Parliament (MPs). ... Braintree is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. ... List of cities in the United Kingdom List of towns in England Lists of places within counties List of places in Bedfordshire List of places in Berkshire List of places in Buckinghamshire List of places in Cambridgeshire List of places in Cheshire List of places in Cleveland List of places... This is a list of cities, towns and villages in the county of Essex, England. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

Coggeshall is a small market town of 3,919 residents (in 2001) in Essex, England. Situated between Colchester and Braintree on the Roman road of Stane Street and intersected by the River Blackwater, it is known for its almost 300 listed buildings and formerly extensive antique trade. Many local businesses, such as the White Hart Hotel and the Chapel Inn have been established for hundreds of years. A market has been run every week on Market Hill since 1256, when a charter to do so was granted by Henry III. The market town is a medieval phenomenon. ... For other meanings of Essex, see Essex (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... For other places with the same name, see Colchester (disambiguation). ... , Braintree is a town of about 42,393 people and the principal settlement of the Braintree district of Essex in the East of England. ... Not to be confused with Romans road. ... Stane Street is the modern name given to an important Roman road in England that linked London to the Roman town of Regnum (near modern Chichester). ... The River Blackwater is a river in England. ... The Forth Bridge, designed by Sir Benjamin Baker and Sir John Fowler, opened in 1890, and now owned by Network Rail, is designated as a Category A listed building by Historic Scotland. ... Henry III (1 October 1207 – 16 November 1272) was the son and successor of John Lackland as King of England, reigning for fifty-six years from 1216 to his death. ...

Coggeshall won the Essex Best Kept Village award in its category in 1998 and 2001–03; it was named the Eastern England & Home Counties Village of the Year in 2003.^[2] The Calor Village of the Year is a competition organised by British gas provider Calor to identify the village that best meets the following criteria of a well-balanced, pro-active, caring community which has made the best of local opportunities to maintain and enhance the quality of life for...

Population

Transport

Bus

• 1881 - Moore's Bus - 3 times a day to Kelvedon station^[4]
• 1982 - present - Coggeshall Community Bus - Weekday service to Kelvedon station, local services.^[5]
• 19?? - present the First Group number 70 bus from Braintree to Colchester stops in the town every hour, and from Colchester to Braintree once an hour.

First Group PLC (LSE: FGP) is a British transport company operating in the United Kingdom, Ireland and North America, with headquarters in Aberdeen, Scotland. ...

Road

Coggeshall lies on the ancient route of Stane Street. It is now serviced by the A120 road which follows the original road. Around 1982 a bypass was built around Coggeshall. Stane Street is the modern name given to an important Roman road in England that linked London to the Roman town of Regnum (near modern Chichester). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Geology

Coggeshall is situated on top of a large deposit of London Clay. The main river is the Blackwater with the local Robin's Brook feeding into it. Beaumont mentions that there are good bore holes^[6] The London Clay is a marine deposit which is well known for the fossils it contains. ... The River Blackwater is a river in England. ...

Etymology

The meaning of the name Coggeshall is much debated. Different pronunciations and spellings have been used throughout its history and many theories as to the name's origin have arisen. The earliest mention of the name is in a grant from around 1040 where it is called Coggashael. The Domesday Book from 1086 addresses the town as Cogheshal and it is mentioned elsewhere as Cogshall, Coxal and Gogshall. Beaumont brought together several theories in his 1890, A History of Coggeshall, in Essex. A line drawing entitled Domesday Book from Andrew Williamss Historic Byways and Highways of Old England. ...

1. Weever 1631 wrote about a monument found on 'Coccillway' (pronounced Cocksill way), thought that Coccill was a lord of the area in Roman days and a corruption of the name lead to Coggeshall
2. Dunkin thought that it was a concatenation of two Celtic words - Cor or Cau with Gafael, enclosure hold; or Coed and Caer or Gaer, camp in a wood, 'Cogger', the person owning this camp may have had a hall therefore Coggershall. Beaumont largely rejects this as far fetched conjecture.
3. Philip Morant opined that the name was a corruption of Cocks-hall, with the seal of the Abbey featuring three cockerels. This may also be supported by Beaumonts suggestion that the first parish church, like the current one, was dedicated to Saint Peter, and the Cockerel was used as a sign of this dedication.
4. Beaumont also reasons that the name may have come from the red coloured shurb, the Coccus, whose colour is pronounced Coch and many Ancient Britains had names related to colours.

There are several towns throughout Britain with similar names: Uggeshall, Cockfield, Cogshull, Cogges, Coxhall Knoll. Part of the Parish was known as Crowland, the Parish of Crowland in Lincolnshire has an area within it called Gogguslands. Coggeshall has been called Sunnydon, referenced in 1224 as an alias for the town.^[7]

History

Coggeshall dates back at least to an early Saxon settlement. There is evidence of a Roman villa or settlement before then and the town lies on Stane Street, which may have been built on a much earlier track. Roman coins dating from 31 BC to AD 395 have been found in the area and Coggeshall has been considered the site of a Roman station mentioned in the Itineraries of Antoninus.^[8] Coggeshall is situated at a ford of the River Blackwater, part of another path running from the Blackwater Valley to the Colne Valley. Where these paths crossed a settlement started. The area around Coggeshall has been settled since the Mesolithic period.^[9] For other uses, see Anglo-Saxon. ... For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ... Stane Street is the modern name given to an important Roman road in England that linked London to the Roman town of Regnum (near modern Chichester). ... Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC 40s BC - 30s BC - 20s BC 10s BC 0s 10s 20s Years: 36 BC 35 BC 34 BC 33 BC 32 BC 31 BC 30 BC 29 BC 28 BC 27 BC... Events After the death of emperor Theodosius I, the Roman Empire is divided in an eastern and a western half. ... Ford may mean a number of things: A ford is a river crossing. ... In geography, a blackwater river has water-colour ranging from clear tea to coffee. ... The River Blackwater is a tributary of the River Loddon and, indirectly, of the River Thames. ... The Colne Valley crosses the Pennines in West Yorkshire. ... The Mesolithic (Greek mesos=middle and lithos=stone or the Middle Stone Age[1]) was a period in the development of human technology between the Paleolithic and Neolithic periods of the Stone Age. ...

The town's sign depicts a Cistercian farming sheep at the abbey. On the other side is a weaver by his loom.

Coggeshall is mentioned in the Domesday Book as Cogheshal. The Manor of Coggeshall was owned by a Saxon freeman named Cogga, and at the time of its entry there was "a mill; about 60 men with ploughs and horses, oxen and sheep; woodland with swine and a swineherd, four stocks of bees and one priest". William the Conqueror gave the Manor to Eustace, the Count of Boulogne.^[9] Image File history File links Download high resolution version (636x796, 400 KB) Summary Coggeshall town sign. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (636x796, 400 KB) Summary Coggeshall town sign. ... A line drawing entitled Domesday Book from Andrew Williamss Historic Byways and Highways of Old England. ... William I ( 1027 – September 9, 1087), was King of England from 1066 to 1087. ... Boulogne-sur-Mer became the centre of the County of Boulogne in the 9th century. ...

The modern history of Coggeshall begins around 1140 when King Stephen and his queen Matilda, founded a large Savigniac abbey with 12 monks from Savigy in France,^[10] the last to be established before the order was absorbed by the Cistercians in 1147. Matilda visited the Abbey for the last time in 1151 and asked for the Abbot's blessing, "If thou should never see my face again, pray for my Soul. More things are wrought by prayer than this World dreams of."^[9][11] Stephen (c. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The Catholic Congregation of Savigny (Savigniac Order) started in the abbey of Savigny, situated in northern France, on the confines of Normandy and Brittany, in the Diocese of Coutances. ... Cistercians coat of arms The Order of Cistercians (OCist) (Latin: ), otherwise White Monks (from the colour of the habit, over which a black scapular or apron is sometimes worn) is a Roman Catholic order of enclosed monks. ...

Flint and rubble were the main materials used in the construction of the monastery, and the buildings were faced with stone punted up the Blackwater and locally produced brick. Brick making had died out in Britain since the Romans left and the monks may have been instrumental in its re-establishment around this time. They built a kiln in the North of the town at a place called Tile Kiln, an area now known as Tilkey. The bricks from Coggeshall are some of the earliest known bricks in post Roman Britain. Long Bridge, in the south of the town was probably built in the 13th Century using these bricks and the kiln in Tilkey continued to produce bricks until 1845.^[10] The Church was completed to a sufficient extent to be dedicated by the Bishop of London in 1167.^[9][10] Charcoal Kilns, California Gold Kiln, Victoria, Australia Hop kiln. ... 1845 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Arms of the Bishop of London The Bishop of London is the Ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of London in the Province of Canterbury. ...

The estate commanded by the monastery was extensive. The monks farmed sheep, and their skilled husbandry developed a high quality wool that formed the foundation of the town's prosperous cloth trade during the 15th to mid-18th centuries, when it was particularly renowned for its fine Coggeshall White cloth. The monastery also had fishponds with strict fishing rights — a Vicar of Coggeshall was imprisoned in Colchester for stealing fish.^[9] However the monastery could not produce all that it required and sold produce at an annual fair to buy the things they did not have. In 1250 the Abbot of Coggeshall was allowed by Royal Charter to hold an eight day fair commencing on the thirty first of July — the feast of St. Peter-ad-Vincula, to whom the Parish Church was dedicated. In 1256, a Saturday market was granted as long as it didn't interfere with its neighbours. Colchester complained in 1318 that Coggeshall was a hindrance, and their complaint, being upheld, resulted in the market being moved to Thursday, where it remains to this day.^[9][10][12] Australian Sheep Sheep husbandry is the raising and breeding of domestic sheep, and a subcategory of animal husbandry. ... For other uses, see Fair (disambiguation). ... For other places with the same name, see Colchester (disambiguation). ...

The Black Death hit the Abbey hard, with the number of monks and conversi much reduced. Revenues across Essex fell to between one third to one half of pre plague rates, the abbey suffered financially with tenented and cultivated lands heavily decreased.^[10] During the Peasants' Revolt of 1381 the Abbey was broken into and pillaged. The sheriff of Essex and Hertfordshire, John Sewale was targeted by rioters at his Coggeshall house, now the Chapel Inn.^[10] By the early 15th century a new church was begun at the Abbey called St. Mary's, it was completed by the start of the 16th Century but the Dissolution of the Monasteries brought an end to the prosperity of Monks. In 153] Abbot Love was demoted with a list of complaints raised against him, though some of them may have been fabricated it appears that standards at the monastery were dropping.^[10] It was common method at the time, that Abbot's unsympathetic to the will of the King were replaced with more favourable ones, in this case Abbot More was implanted by Dr. T. Leigh. Coggeshall survived the Act of Suppression in 1536 and the Abbot of St. Mary Grace's, London, invested in its future.^[10] However the political situation was opposed to the monasteries and Coggeshall succumbed in 1538 on the fifth of February, handed over by Abbot More.^[13] The monks were sent back to their families or into the community, with many becoming priests, Abbot Love became vicar of Witham where he stayed until his death in 1559.^[10] The monastery's possessions and lands, totalling nearly 50,000 acres (200 km²), were seized; King Henry VIII granted them to Sir Thomas Seymour.^[14][9] They remained into his possession until 1541 when they were split up.^[10] In the most common usage, lay brothers are those members of Catholic religious orders, particularly of monastic orders, occupied primarily with manual labor and with the secular affairs of a monastery or friary, in contrast to the choir monks of the same monastery who are devoted mainly to the Liturgy... The end of the revolt: Wat Tyler (also spelt Tighler) killed by Walworth while Richard II watches, and a second image of Richard addressing the crowd The Peasants Revolt, Tyler’s Rebellion, or the Great Rising of 1381 was one of a number of popular revolts in late medieval Europe... For other uses of the term dissolution see Dissolution. ... , Witham (pronounced Wittam; IPA, /ˈwɪtæm/) is a town in the county of Essex, in the south east of England. ... Henry VIII King of England and Ireland by Hans Holbein the Younger His Grace King Henry VIII (28 June 1491–28 January 1547) was King of England and Lord of Ireland (later King of Ireland) from 22 April 1509 until his death. ... Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley “Thomas Seymour” redirects here. ...

After the decline of the wool trade, Coggeshall's economy centred around silk and velvet, with over half of the population employed in its production. The 1851 census showed Coggeshall to be one of the most industrialised places in Essex. However, the English silk industry was being artificially supported by a ban on imported silk goods; Continental silk was cheaper and of a higher quality. When Parliament repealed the ban in 1826 and later reduced and finally removed duties on French silk, English weavers were unable to compete and Coggeshall's economy was devastated.^[15] For other uses of this word, see Silk (disambiguation). ... Swatch of black cotton velvet decorator fabric used for drapery Velvet is a type of tufted fabric in which the cut threads are very evenly distributed, with a short dense pile, giving it its distinct feel. ... Image:1870 census Lindauer Weber 01. ...

The town again found fame in Tambour lace, a form of lace-making introduced to Coggeshall around 1812 by a Monsieur Drago and his daughters. The production of this lace continued through the 19th century before dying out after the Second World War. Examples of Coggeshall lace have been worn by Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth II.^[15] lace from Lier Tambour lace refers to a family of lace made by stretching a fine net over a frame (the eponymous Tambour, from the French for drum) and creating a chain stitch using a fine hook to reach through the net and draw the working thread through the net. ... Mary of Teck (Victoria Mary Augusta Louise Olga Pauline Claudine Agnes; 26 May 1867 – 24 March 1953) was the Queen Consort of George V. Queen Mary was also the Empress of India. ... Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor; born 21 April 1926) is Queen of sixteen sovereign states, holding each crown and title equally. ...

Other important businesses in later years were the production of gelatine and isinglass, brewing and seed growing.^[15][16] Gelatin (also gelatine) is a translucent brittle solid, colorless or slightly yellow, nearly tasteless and odorless, that is created by prolonged boiling of animal connective tissue. ... Isinglass is a substance obtained from the swimbladders of fish (especially Beluga sturgeon), used mainly for the clarification of wine and beer. ... A 16th century brewer A 21st century brewer This article concerns the production of alcoholic beverages. ...

Nonconformist Chapels

The first independent place of worship in Coggeshall was a converted barn on East Street, put to use in 1672. In 1710 a permanent chapel was built on Stoneham Street for "Protestant Dissenters from the Church of England, commonly called Independents". By 1716 there were 700 hearers including some of the wealthiest and most influential people from the local area. In 1834 the chapel was enlarged and again in 1865. Today the building continues to be part of the United Reformed Church in continuous succession from its Congregational and Independent past. The modern Christ Church which meets in the building is now a Local Ecumenical Partnership (LEP); a new single congregation coming together from a union of the three village chapels in 1989 and uniting members from the Baptist Union, the Methodist Church, and the United Reformed Church.^[17] Logo of The United Reformed Church The United Reformed Church (URC) is a Christian denomination (church) in the United Kingdom. ...

The Quakers were active in Coggeshall as early as 1655, with Fox stating "I came to Cogshall, and there was a meeting of about 2,000 people". That same year James Parnell, a local Quaker caused a disturbance at the church and was sentenced to prison at Colchester Castle where he died whilst imprisoned in 1656. A meeting house was purchased on Stoneham Street in 1673 with a new building constructed in 1878. A graveyard was purchased on Tilkey Road in 1856 but no forms part of a private garden attached to 'Quaker Cottage'. The meeting house is now home to Coggeshall Library.^[18] The Religious Society of Friends, commonly known as Quakers, or Friends, is a religious community founded in England in the 17th century. ... Colchester Castle Colchester castle is an almost unique example of a largely complete Norman castle, built in the same style as the White Tower of the Tower of London. ...

Coggeshall has proven an important place in the local Baptist Ministry. For many years congregations met in a house just off Hare Bridge, and in 1797 the first annual meeting of the Essex Baptist Association was held in the Independent Meeting House. A permanent meeting house was constructed in 1825 along Church Street. This building is now used as business offices.^[19] Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      Baptist is...

The Methodists have been present in Coggeshall since 1811, worshipping first at a house on Stoneham Street, then a chapel on East Street. A permanent chapel was constructed in 1883 on Stoneham Street to seat 250 people and now hosts a local children's nursery.^[20] The Methodist movement is a group of denominations of Protestant Christianity. ...

Landmarks

St. Nicholas' Chapel, Coggeshall Abbey's gatehouse chapel, survived the Dissolution of the Monasteries intact, albeit converted into a barn. Subsequently restored in 1863,^[21] it is the oldest surviving post-Roman brick building in the country (c. 1220). The original bricks from the ruins of the abbey are older still, and were made by the monks themselves. These were previously believed to be the oldest post-Roman bricks in the country, however newer evidence suggests that brick making was not reintroduced to Britain by the Cistercians, but that there was already a brick making industry around Coggeshall in the early 12th century, prompted by the exhaustion of the supply of recyclable Roman bricks.^[9] For other uses of the term dissolution see Dissolution. ...

The Church of St. Peter-ad-Vincula (St. Peter in chains) is built on an earlier Norman church. It is one of the largest churches in Essex (internal dimensions of 134 ft 6 in by 62 ft 9 in, the tower reaches a height of 72 ft) and was considered as a possible choice for Cathedral, with Chelmsford Cathedral eventually being chosen.^[22] The present church was built in the perpendicular style with 'wool money' during the first quarter of the 15th century, its unusual size is testament to the affluence of the town at the time. Restoration work was carried out during the 19th century. During the Second World War, on 16 September 1940, the Luftwaffe bombed the church causing the roof of the nave to collapse and significant structural damage, repairs were completed in 1956. To celebrate the millennium two new bells were purchased, bringing the total to ten, Coggeshall hosts the heaviest peal in Essex.^[23] According to tradition, Peter was crucified upside-down, as shown in this painting by Caravaggio. ... The nave of Durham Cathedral demonstrates the characteristic round arched style, though use of shallow pointed arches above the nave is a forerunner of the Gothic style. ... Chelmsford Cathedral is the Church of England cathedral in the city of Chelmsford in Essex. ... Winchester Cathedral Sherborne Abbey The Perpendicular Gothic period (or simply Perpendicular) is the third historical division of English Gothic architecture, and is so-called because it is characterised by an emphasis on vertical lines; it is also known as the Rectilinear style, or Late Gothic. ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Deutsche Luftwaffe or   (German: air force, IPA: ) is the commonly used term for the German air force. ... A millennium (pl. ... Church bell from Saleby, Västergötland, Sweden containing an inscription from 1228 in the Runic alphabet A church bell is a bell which is rung in a (especially Christian) church either to signify the hour or the time for worshippers to go to church, perhaps to attend a wedding... A ring of bells (or peal of bells) is a complete set of bells, hung in a circle – usually in a tower – for change ringing. ...

Paycocke's is a house built in or around 1500 by John Paycocke (d.1505), it is thought it was built as a wedding present for his son Thomas and daughter in law Margaret as the initials T.P. and M.P. appear in the wood carvings that decorate the house. The house features elaborate wood panelling and carvings, a testament to the wealth generated by the Wool trade in East Anglia, it also features gates which some think were taken from the Abbey at the time of its dissolution. The Paycocke family moved into Coggeshall in the 15th Century and exemplified a trend for successful butchers to acquire large flocks of their own sheep which would produce wool as well as meat. The wool could be used to make cloth and often the 'grazing butchers' would eventually evolve into clothiers. These merchants frequently became very wealthy during this process. Thomas was the last Paycocke to live in Coggeshall, dying in 1580. It was the sold to the Buxton family who were clothiers and from 1746 changed hands several times eventually being bought by Lord Noel-Buxton, a descendant of the original Buxtons, and given to The National Trust in 1924. Restoration work was carried out in the 1960s and the house is now open to the public.^[24][25] Panelling is a wallcovering constructed from interlocking wooden components. ... A tailor is a person whose occupation is to sew clothes custom-fit to individuals, and to repair clothes. ... The standard of the National Trust The National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty, usually known as The National Trust, is a British preservation organization. ...

Grange Barn was built by the Cistercians in the 13th century to serve the abbey, it is one of the oldest surviving timber-framed buildings in Europe. It was located a quarter of a mile from the Abbey and underwent significant structural alteration in the 14th Century. It survived the Dissolution of the Monasteries, remaining in continual agricultural use up until 1960 when it was left derelict. It was compulsorily purchased in 1982 by Braintree District Council, who initiated the restoration of the barn, with the work being completed in 1985. In 1989 the barn was given to The National Trust for its future preservation. Although it has undergone extensive reconstruction and its original thatch roof has been replaced with tile, the barn today represents that which existed in the 14th century. Grange Barn is now open to the public showing a collection of farm carts and wagons, and is available to hire for special events.^[26][27][28] Braintree is a local government district in the English county of Essex. ... Thatching is the art or craft of covering a roof with vegetative materials such as straw, reed or sedge. ...

Ralph of Coggeshall

Main article: Ralph of Coggeshall

The sixth abbot of Coggeshall's abbey (from 1207-1218), Lord Ralph was one of the most important chroniclers of his time, described by the historian E. L. Cutts as "a man of polished erudition, as well as of temperance and arrived at such a degree of excellence in literature as to be esteemed by far the first of the brethren of his convent." He is known particularly for his work in the Chronicon Anglicanum (Chronicle of English Affairs). It is from that work that much of the early history of Coggeshall is known. Due to ill health he ceded his title to the seventh abbot, Lord Benedict de Straford in 1218, living quietly in the Abbey until his death in 1228.^[9] Ralph of Coggeshall (d. ... For other uses, see Abbot (disambiguation). ...

Famous residents of Coggeshall

• Ralph of Coggeshall — Abbot of Coggeshall Abbey and Chronicler (d. 1228)
• John Godard — Mathematician and protégé of Ralph joined the order at Coggeshall where he wrote many treatises^[10]
• John Jegon — born in Coggeshall in 1550, Bishop of Norwich 1602^[29]
• John Owen - Vicar of Coggeshall (1646-1651), Theologian, Chaplain to Oliver Cromwell, Dean of Christ Church, Oxford^[30]
• Richard Mant — Vicar of Coggeshall (1810–1820), later Bishop of Down and Connor, wrote a history of the Church of Ireland^[29][31]
• Dr. Edward Lewes Cutts — Curate of Coggeshall (1850–1857), author of many works on Church history^[29][32]
• Dr. Adam Trueman - Brought up in Coggeshall, the orthodox jewish doctor of geosciences, world renowned for his studies in the oil geophysical exploration of the north sea. Also represented Turks and Caicos[1] at under 21 level for football.

Ralph of Coggeshall (d. ... Generally a chronicle (Latin chronica) is historical account of facts and events in chronological order. ... Leonhard Euler, considered one of the greatest mathematicians of all time A mathematician is a person whose primary area of study and research is the field of mathematics. ... This page is a candidate to be copied to Wiktionary. ... Look up Treatise in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... John Owen John Owen (1616 - August 24, 1683) was an English Nonconformist church leader and theologian. ... Oliver Cromwell (25 April 1599 – 3 September 1658) was an English military and political leader best known for his involvement in making England into a republican Commonwealth and for his later role as Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland. ... and of the Christ Church College name Christ Church Latin name Ædes Christi Named after Jesus Christ Established 1546 Sister college Trinity College, Cambridge Dean The Very Revd Christopher Andrew Lewis JCR president Laura Ellis Undergraduates 426 GCR president Tim Benjamin Graduates 154 Location of Christ Church within central Oxford... Richard Mant (February 12, 1776 - 1848) was an English churchman and writer. ... The Crest of Bishop Patrick Walsh The Diocese of Down and Connor (From the Latin Dunensis et Connorensis) is an Irish Roman Catholic diocese that stretches from Portrush and Portstewart to Kilkeel in Northern Ireland. ... The Church of Ireland (Irish: ) is an autonomous province of the Anglican Communion, operating seamlessly across the border between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. ... From the Latin curatus (compare Curator), a curate is a person who is invested with the care, or cure (cura), of souls of a parish. ... The Turks and Caicos Islands is an overseas territory of the United Kingdom consisting of two groups of tropical islands in the Caribbean, southeast of the Bahamas, at 21°45N, 71°35W. The thirty islands total 166 sq. ...

Coggeshall jobs

See also: Wise Men of Gotham

The saying "A Coggeshall job" was used in Essex from the 17th to the 19th century to mean any poor or pointless piece of work, after the reputed stupidity of its villagers. There were numerous stories of the inhabitants' ridiculous endeavours, such as chaining up a wheelbarrow in a shed after it had been bitten by a rabid dog, for fear it would go mad. John Ray's 1670 Collection of English Proverbs gives the following rhyme: Wise Men of Gotham, the early name given to the people of the village of Gotham, Nottinghamshire, in allusion to their reputed simplicity. ... A common wheelbarrow Older wheelbarrow Wheelbarrows on the Belomorkanal A wheelbarrow is a small one-wheeled, hand-propelled vehicle, designed to be pushed and guided by a single person using two handles to the rear. ... For other uses, see Rabies (disambiguation). ... For the former United States Congressman from New York, see John H. Ray. ...

Braintree for the pure,

Bocking for the poor;

Coggeshall for the jeering town,

And Kelvedon for the whore.

Other jobs included winching up a cow onto the church roof to eat the grass growing there, knocking down one of two windmills as there would not be enough wind for both of them, attempting to divert the course of the river with hurdles, hanging sheets over roads to prevent the wind from blowing disease into the town, chopping the head off a lamb to free it from a gate, removing stairs from a house to stop flood water entering and some appropriated from other 'fool centres', for example the classic 'fishing for the moon'.^[29] Hurdles are a form of rural crafts. ...

Coggeshall Gang

In the 1840s a gang of criminals terrorised Coggeshall, their headquarters were on Stoneham Street and their success due to the unpaid and untrained, spare-time Parish constables' inability to deal effectively with crime in their local area. The gang committed burglaries and violent robberies across Coggeshall, Great Tey, Cressing and Bradwell. Their crimes were often brutal and mainly directed at the elderly. Dell's hole in nearby Earls Colne is named after Mr. Dell who was attacked by the gang. Such was the interest in the gang that when finally caught and brought to trial, the galleries of the courtroom were filled with fashionably dressed women. One of the members was hanged, with several others being transported.^[15] Cressing Temple is an ancient monument situated between Witham and Braintree in Essex, UK and originates from the 12th century, when it was the first grant of land given to the Knights Templar in England. ... Bradwell is the name of a seaside village in Essex, England. ... Earls Colne is a village in Essex named after the River Colne, on which it stands, and the Earls of Oxford who held the manor of Earls Colne from 1137 to 1703. ...

Local tales

Thomas Hawkes on Market Hill, he is saying "O Lord receive my Spirit"

• Thomas Hawkes burned to death in 1555 during the Marian Persecutions rather than allow his son to be baptised into the Roman Catholic Church. Responding to Edmund Bonner, the Bishop of London, who urged him to return to Catholicism, he is reported to have said: "No my lord, that I will not, for if I had a hundred bodies I would suffer them all to be torn in pieces rather than I will abjure and recant." As he burned, Hawkes threw up his hands and clapped them three times, a sign to his friends that the pain could be endured. Hawkes' death and the circumstances leading up to it are recorded in detail in John Foxe's Book of Martyrs.
• Mary Honywood^[33] of nearby Mark's Hall, in an age of religious uncertainty, dashed a wineglass to the floor declaring "I shall be damned as surely as this is smashed". The wineglass rebounded, unbroken and she lived to the age of 93 years, having 19 children. She is commemorated in the church for having a total of 365 descendants at the time of her death.^[29]
• Coggeshall is supposedly located at a crossing of ley lines.
• The town clock was built to celebrate Queen Victoria's jubilee in 1887 and the clockhouse was at one point a school for the poor children of the town.
• Coggeshall is one of the many sites claimed to be the burial place of Boudica.
• One of the latest recorded witch-hunts in England took place in Coggeshall. It is known from the diary of Joseph Bufton, a resident of the town, that in 1699 the widow Common was tried three times for witchcraft, each time by 'swimming' - binding her limbs and putting her in the river to see if she would sink. She was found guilty on each occasion but died, probably from influenza, before she could be hanged. Another account is found in the records of the Reverend James Boys, the Vicar of Coggeshall^[34]
• During the Napoleonic Wars Coggeshall was required to raise a company of men for the defence of the country. This they did, although the Coggeshall Volunteers famously consisted of 20 officers and only 3 privates.^[29] One resident of the town, the schoolmaster Thomas Harris, was so amused by the situation he was inspired to write a short, satirical play entitled "The C*******ll Volunteer Corps". In the play he lampooned the surfeit of officers ("As the Corps at present consists mostly of officers no more will be admitted; but should any neighbouring Corps be in want of a few it may be accommodated at the rate of one officer for one private, and in every dozen so exchanged an officer will be thrown in extra. God save the King"), the quality of the troops and the courage of their commanders (in the event that the nearby town of Colchester was invaded the corps would move to defend Braintree, and if Braintree were to be attacked they would defend Colchester, etc.) The play was so popular it reached four editions. Unfortunately, despite Harris' insistence that it was not so, many of the town's citizens believed that they were being personally caricatured and, taking offence, withdrew their children from his school.
• Mr. Nunn, a former blacksmith, is well known for his local deeds. Knowing the Grange Hill to be too steep for horses with heavy loads, proceeded with others to lower the top and was removed by the police. His most famous deed is the construction of an iron bridge that spans the Blackwater.^[29]

Image File history File links Download high resolution version (505x786, 392 KB) Summary Scan of a woodcut from the Book of Martyrs showing Thomas Hawkes being burned to death on Market Hill, in Coggeshall. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (505x786, 392 KB) Summary Scan of a woodcut from the Book of Martyrs showing Thomas Hawkes being burned to death on Market Hill, in Coggeshall. ... Marian Persecutions refers to the persecutions of Protestants and dissenters under the Queen Mary I of England. ... Baptism is a water purification ritual practiced in certain religions such as Christianity, Mandaeanism, Sikhism, and some historic sects of Judaism. ... Catholic Church redirects here. ... Edmund Bonner (c. ... John Foxe, line engraving by George Glover, first published in the 1641 edition of Actes and Monuments John Foxe (1516–April 8, 1587) is remembered as the author of the famous Foxes Book of Martyrs. ... William Tyndale, being burnt at the stake, cries out Lord, ope the King of Englands eies in this woodcut from an early edition of Foxes Book of Martyrs. ... Ley lines are alignments of a number of places of geographical interest, such as ancient megaliths. ... Queen Victoria redirects here. ... A Diamond Jubilee is a celebration held to mark a 60th anniversary. ... A sculpture depicting Boudica, the warrior queen of the Iceni who led the revolt against the Romans in AD 61, and her daughters, commissioned by Prince Albert and executed by Thomas Thornycroft, stands near Westminster Pier, London Boudica (also spelt Boudicca, formerly better known as Boadicea) (d. ... A witch-hunt is a search for suspected witches; it is a type of moral panic. ... Flu redirects here. ... Combatants Austria[a] Portugal Prussia[a] Russia[b] Sicily[c] Sardinia  Spain[d]  Sweden[e] United Kingdom French Empire Holland[f] Italy Etruria[g] Naples[h] Duchy of Warsaw[i] Confederation of the Rhine[j] Bavaria Saxony Westphalia Württemberg Denmark-Norway[k] Commanders Archduke Charles Prince Schwarzenberg Karl Mack... An officer is a member of a military, naval, or if applicable, other uniformed services who holds a position of responsibility. ... A Private is a soldier of the lowest military rank (equivalent to Nato Rank Grades OR-1 to OR-3 depending on the force served in). ... For other places with the same name, see Colchester (disambiguation). ... , Braintree is a town of about 42,393 people and the principal settlement of the Braintree district of Essex in the East of England. ... For other uses, see Blacksmith (disambiguation). ...

Coggeshall in Popular Culture

The town was featured in the BBC series Lovejoy. For other uses, see BBC (disambiguation). ... There are other articles with similar names; see Lovejoy (disambiguation). ...

References

Lord Tennyson, Poet Laureate Alfred Tennyson, 1st Baron Tennyson (August 6, 1809 - October 6, 1892) is generally regarded as one of the greatest English poets. ...

Sources

• Beaumont, George Frederick (1890). A History of Coggeshall, in Essex. ISBN 0-9539165-0-2. 

• (1977) Coggeshall Official Guide. Coggesall: Coggeshall Parish Council, 26. 

• Rose, Beatrice M. [c.a. 1950s] (2003). A Brief History of Coggeshall Abbey. Coggeshall: Coggeshall Museum. 

• Workers Education Authority [1951] (2000). The History of Coggeshall 1700-1914. Coggeshall: Coggeshall Museum. 

• Brewer, Ebenezer Cobham (1898). Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, Revised and Updated Edition, Philadelphia: Henry Altemus Company. ISBN 1-58734-094-1. 

• Greatorex, Jane (1999). Coggeshall Abbey and Abbey Mill (Manors, Mills & Manuscripts). Jane Greatorex, Castle Hedingham, Essex. ISBN 0951854348. 

• (2006) a guide to essex churches. Chelmsford: Essex Tourism, p.4. 

• Cistercian Abbeys: Coggeshall. Cistercians in Yorkshire. Retrieved on January 8, 2006.

• Coggeshall Museum and Heritage Centre. Retrieved on April 14, 2005.
  • Coggeshall 2003. Retrieved on April 14, 2005.

• A brief History of St Peters. St. Peter-ad-Vincula official website. Retrieved on December 28, 2006.

• Medieval bricks meant business for Essex Man. British Archaeology, Issue 13. Retrieved on May 1, 2006.

• Unlocking Essex's Past. Essex County Council. Retrieved on April 14, 2005.

Dr. Ebenezer Cobham Brewer (1810-1897), was the compiler of Brewers Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, a Victorian reference work. ... The Henry Altemus Company was a publishing company based in Philidelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. for almost a century, from 1842 to 1936. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• Coggeshall Parish Council
• Coggeshall, and the Coggeshalls, in England A member of the Coggeshall family's account of his visit to the town.^{[dead link – history]}
• D Turner's Coggeshall Community bus timetable and other useful information.

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