Part of the Politics series on Anarchism Politics is a process by which decisions are made within groups. ... This article or section may contain inappropriate or misinterpreted citations. ...

Schools of thought

Capitalist • Christian Collectivist • Communist Eco • Feminist Green • Individualist Mutualist • Primitivist Social • Syndicalist Without adjectives Image File history File links Anarchy-symbol. ... Anarcho-capitalism refers to an anti-statist philosophy that embraces capitalism as one of its foundational principles. ... Christian anarchism (also known as Christian libertarianism) is the belief that the only source of authority to which Christians are ultimately answerable is God, embodied in the teachings of Jesus. ... Left Anarchism is a term used almost exclusively by opponents of traditional anarchism to denominate philosophies that oppose private ownership of the means of production (or capitalism). ... Anarchist communism is a form of anarchism that advocates the abolition of the State and capitalism in favor of a horizontal network of voluntary associations through which everyone will be free to satisfy his or her needs. ... Eco-anarchism argues that small eco-villages (of no more than a few hundred people) are a scale of human living preferable to civilization, and that infrastructure and political systems should be re-organized to ensure that these are created. ... Anarcha-feminism combines anarchism with feminism. ... Green anarchism is a set of related political theories that is derived from philosophical and social movements such as social ecologists, feminism, egoism, situationism, surrealism, the Luddites, Anarcho-primitivism, post- and anti-leftists, indigenous, anti-industrialism, and pre-civilized people. ... Individualist Anarchism is an anarchist philosophical tradition that has a strong emphasis on sovereignty of the individual[1] and is generally opposed to collectivism[2]. The tradition appears most often in the United States, most notably in regard to its advocacy of private property. ... Mutualism is a libertarian socialist economic theory or system based on the labor theory of value which states that equal amounts of labor should receive equal pay. ... Anarcho-primitivism is an anarchist critique of the origins and progress of civilization. ... Social anarchism is a term self-applied by many anarchists of the libertarian socialist thread of anarchism. ... Anarcho-syndicalism is a branch of anarchism which focuses on the labor movement, Syndicalisme is a French word meaning trade unionism hence the syndicalism qualification. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...

Anarchism in culture

Religion • Society • Arts History • Criticism This article discusses the anarchist critiques of society and proposed solutions from the anarchist perspective. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Anarcho-primitivists assert that, for the longest period before recorded history, human society was organized on anarchist principles. ... The theory and practice of anarchism has been controversial since it came to prominence in the 19th century. ...

Anarchist theory

Origins • Economics Anarchism and capitalism Anarchism and Marxism Symbolism • Post-left Propaganda of the deed Long before anarchism emerged as a distinct perspective, human beings lived for thousand of years in societies without government. ... Anarchist economics entails theory and practice relating to economic activity within the philosophical outlines of anarchism. ... Though the libertarian socialist critique of capitalism is rooted in socialist theory, there are certain key distinctions in their critiques, which this article attempts to elucidate. ... Even though anarchist communism and Marxism are two very different political philosophies, there is some similarity between the methodology and ideology of some anarchists and some Marxists, and the history of the two have often been intertwined. ... Post-left anarchy is a recent current in anarchist thought that promotes a critique of anarchisms relationship to traditional leftism. ... Propaganda of the deed (or propaganda by the deed, from the French propagande par le fait) is a concept of anarchist origin, which appeared towards the end of the 19th century, that promotes the decisive action of individuals to inspire further action by others. ...

Anarchism by country

China • France • Greece Hungary • Mexico • Spain United States

Anarchism lists

Anarchists • Books Communities • Concepts Organizations The following is a list of notable individuals who have been regarded as anarchists, either by themselves or others. ... Anarchist Daniel Guérin, Anarchism Robert Graham Anarchism. ... This is a list of past and present anarchist communities. ... These are concepts which, although not exclusive to anarchism, are significant in historical and/or modern anarchist circles. ... This list uses the word organization in its loosest sense. ...

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Colin Ward (1924-) was an editor of the British anarchist newspaper Freedom from 1947 to 1960, and the founder and editor of the monthly libertarian journal Anarchy from 1961 to 1970. Ward became an anarchist while serving in the British army during World War II. 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Anarchism is a generic term describing various political philosophies and social movements that advocate the elimination of hierarchy and imposed authority. ... Cover of Freedom, dated 13th September 2003, showing the new cover design by Clifford Harper. ... The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. ... This article is becoming very long. ...

From 1952 to 1961 he worked as an architect, and from 1971 as the Education Officer for the Town & Country Planning Association. He published widely on education, architecture and town planning. His most influential book was The Child In The City (1978), about children's street culture. 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... Childrens street culture refers to the cumulative culture of rhymes, songs, jokes, taboos, games, folklore, and places (e. ...

He was born on August 14, 1924, in Wanstead, Essex son of a teacher

Property

Most of Ward's works deal with the issue of rural housing and the problems of overpopulation and planning regulations in Britain to which he proposes anarchistic solutions. He is a keen admirer of architect Walter Segal who set up ‘build it yourself’ system in Lewisham meaning that land that was too small or difficult to build on conventionally was given to people who with Segal’s help would build their own homes. Ward is very keen on the idea of ‘build it yourself’ having said in response to the proposition of removing all planning laws – ‘I don't believe in just letting it rip, the rich get away with murder when that happens. But I do want the planning system to be flexible enough to give homeless people a chance’. In his latest book ‘Cotters and Squatters’ he includes a passage from one of his anarchist forebears, Peter Kropotkin, who said of the empty and overgrown landscape of Surrey and Sussex at the end of the 19th century - ‘in every direction I see abandoned cottages and orchards going to ruin, a whole population has disappeared.’

Ward himself goes on to observe: ‘Precisely a century after this account was written, the fields were empty again. Fifty years of subsidies had made the owners of arable land millionaires through mechanised cultivation and, with a crisis of over-production; the European Community was rewarding them for growing no crops on part of their land. However, opportunities for the homeless poor were fewer than ever in history. The grown-up children of local families can’t get on the housing ladder’. Wards solution is that ‘there should be some place in every parish where it's possible for people to build their own homes, and they should be allowed to do it a bit at a time, starting in a simple way and improving the structure as they go along. The idea that a house should be completed in one go before you can get planning permission and a mortgage is ridiculous. Look at the houses in this village. Many of them have developed their character over centuries - a bit of medieval at the back, with Tudor and Georgian add-ons.’

Anarchism

Ward’s anarchist philosophy is the idea of removing authoritarian forms of social organisation and replacing them with self-managed, non-hierarchical forms of organisation. This form of federalism was put forward in part by Kropotkin and Proudhon and is based upon the principle that as Ward puts it- ‘in small face-to-face groups, the bureaucratising and hierarchical tendencies inherent in organisations have least opportunity to develop’. He particularly admires the Swiss system of direct democracy and Cantons whereby each canton is run by its members who have control on the laws placed upon them.

‘I believe that the social ideas of anarchism: autonomous groups, spontaneous order, workers’ control, the federative principle, add up to a coherent theory of social organisation which is a valid and realistic alternative to the authoritarian, hierarchical and institutional social philosophy which we see in application all around us. Man will be compelled, Kropotkin declared, ‘to find new forms of organisation for the social functions which the State fulfils through the bureaucracy’ and he insisted that ‘as long as this is not done nothing will be done. I think we have discovered what these new forms of organisation should be. We have now to make the opportunities for putting them into practice’.

Quotes

‘You may think in describing anarchism as a theory of organisation I am propounding a deliberate paradox: ‘anarchy’ you may consider to be, by definition, the opposite of organisation. In fact, however, ‘anarchy’ means the absence of government, the absence of authority. Can there be social organisation without authority, without government? The anarchists claim that there can be, and they also claim that it is desirable that there should be. They claim that, at the basis of our social problems is the principle of government. It is, after all, governments which prepare for war and wage war, even though you are obliged to fight in them and pay for them; the bombs you are worried about are not the bombs which cartoonists attribute to the anarchists, but the bombs which governments have perfected, at your expense. It is, after all, governments which make and enforce the laws which enable the 'haves' to retain control over social assets rather than share them with the 'have-nots'. It is, after all, the principle of authority which ensures that people will work for someone else for the greater part of their lives, not because they enjoy it or have any control over their work, but because they see it as their only means of livelihood.

‘I said that it is governments which make wars and prepare for wars, but obviously it is not governments alone - the power of a government, even the most absolute dictatorship, depends on the tacit assent of the governed. Why do people consent to be governed? It isn't only fear: what have millions of people to fear from a small group of politicians? It is because they subscribe to the same values as their governors. Rulers and ruled alike believe in the principle of authority, of hierarchy, of power. These are the characteristics of the political principle. The anarchists, who have always distinguished between the state and society, adhere to the social principle, which can be seen where-ever men link themselves in an association based on a common need or a common interest. ‘The State’ said the German anarchist Gustav Landauer, ‘is not something which can be destroyed by a revolution, but is a condition, a certain relationship between human beings, a mode of human behaviour; we destroy it by contracting other relationships, by behaving differently.’ ‘In my experience there are two kinds of Green people. There are philanthropists (lovers of humankind), who see the revolution in communications and the collapse of the city economy as the opportunity for the greening of the dense Victorian city. And there are the misanthropists (haters of humanity), who want to pull up the drawbridge to exclude those urban hordes from ‘rural’ England, which they quaintly equate with a ‘natural’ environment. They want to keep those beastly city-dwellers in the urban ghetto. The rich, of course, know the advantages of both environments and have a country seat and a pad in town.’

Bibliography

• Anarchism: A Very Short Introduction (2004)
• Goodnight Campers! The History of the British Holiday Camp (1986)
• The Child in the Country (1988)
• The Allotment:Its Landscape and Culture (1988)
• The Child In The City (1978)
• Anarchy in Action (1973)
• ‘‘Work’‘ (1972)
• ‘‘Anarchy in Action’‘ (1973)
• ‘‘Tenants Take Over’‘ (1974)
• ‘‘Utopia’‘ (1974)
• ‘‘Vandalism’‘ (1974)
• ‘‘Housing: An Anarchist Approach’‘ (1976)
• ‘‘British School Buildings: Designs and Appraisals 1964-74’‘ (1976)
• ‘‘The Child in the City (1977)’‘
• ‘‘When We Build Again: Let's Have Housing that Works!’‘ (1985)
• ‘‘Chartres: the Making of a Miracle’‘ (1986)
• ‘‘Welcome, Thinner City: Urban Survival in the 1990's’‘ (1989)
• ‘‘Reflected in Water: a Crisis of Social Responsibility’‘ (1997)
• ‘‘Cotters and Squatters: The Hidden History of Housing’‘ (2004)
• ‘‘The Allotment: Its Landscape and Culture’‘ (1988)
• "Freedom to Go: After the Motor Age" (1991)

Holiday camp, in Britain, generally refers to a resort with a boundary that includes accommodation, entertainment and other facilities. ... Anarchy in Action is a book written by Colin Ward. ...

Critical work on Colin Ward

Richer Futures. Fashioning A New Politics (Earthscan, 1999). (About Colin Ward's achievements).

External links

• Bibliography
• Guardian article