|
Coloman (Hungarian: Könyves Kálmán, Slovak and Croatian: Koloman) (1070 – February 3, 1116) was King of Hungary from 1095 to 1116. Events Hereward the Wake begins a Saxon revolt in the Fens of eastern England. ...
February 3 is the 34th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
Events Baldwin I of Jerusalem undertakes an invasion of Egypt The modern book of separate pages stitched together is invented in China Construction starts on the Chennkesava temple The Aztecs leave Aztlán searching for the site of what will eventually become Tenochtitlán and later Mexico City Births Deaths...
Events The country of Portugal is established for the second time. ...
Events Baldwin I of Jerusalem undertakes an invasion of Egypt The modern book of separate pages stitched together is invented in China Construction starts on the Chennkesava temple The Aztecs leave Aztlán searching for the site of what will eventually become Tenochtitlán and later Mexico City Births Deaths...
He was the son of Géza I of Hungary and Zsófia (Sophia) von Looz. Géza I (Slovak: Gejza) (c. ...
László I wanted Kálmán's brother Álmos to succeed him as King of Hungary. (According to the chronicles, Kálmán may have had a physical deformity, which would have made him unfit to be king per medieval beliefs about such things, although this deformity may be a later falsification of this appearance as in the case of England's Richard III, as the chronicles reflected the image of Coloman created by his successors, who were in fact descendants of his blinded younger brother Álmos). Not wanting to abandon his eldest nephew completely, he wished instead to make him a bishop. Kálmán was accordingly sent abroad to acquire his subsequently famous learning, which earned him the appellation "Könyves", literally "bookish" (usually translated "the Booklover"). (At the time, this was not a compliment. History has been kind to Kálmán, however, so modern histories are more apt to translate the nickname as "The Wise" or similar.) Modern bust of the Saint-King Ladislaus I, (Hungarian: I. Szent László, Slovak: Saint Ladislav I) (June 27, 1040 – July 29, 1095) was a king of the Kingdom of Hungary (1077–1095). ...
Ãlmos (in Croatian and Slovak AlmoÅ¡) (died 1129) was a Hungarian prince, the son of King Geza I of Hungary, brother of King Kálmán. ...
The exact circumstances of how Kálmán acquired the throne after László's death are unknown; among other difficulties, he may have had to get papal dispensation, because ordained clergy could not become king. (The sources are unclear on whether Kálmán was actually ordained. His later laws show that he had no problem with married clergy, so his eventual marriages are no evidence in this matter.)
László died before he could fulfill his promise of leading a Crusade. Kálmán did not find it necessary to fulfill the promise of his predecessor, but did concede at first to let the crusading armies go through Hungary. When the first such army (the First Crusade in 1096) proceeded to pillage its way through the country, he put greater and greater restrictions on subsequent armies, such as taking hostages and mustering his own army to guard the progress. These actions did not endear him to contemporary chroniclers; descriptions of an ugly, hairy, crosseyed man are certainly exaggerated. This article is about the medieval crusades. ...
The First Crusade was launched in 1095 by Pope Urban II to regain control of the sacred city of Jerusalem and the Christian Holy Land from Muslims. ...
Kálmán changed Hungary's foreign policy: while László I. had asked for the Holy Roman Emperor's help (instead of the pope's) when waging war on Croatia, Kálmán wanted to stay on good terms with the Holy See. This didn't prevent him from subjugating Croatia, nor from conquering Dalmatia ahead of the similarly-inclined Venetians. The pope eventually acceded him the right of appointing bishops. The Holy Roman Emperor was, with some variation, the ruler of the Holy Roman Empire, the predecessor of modern Germany, during its existence from the 10th century until its collapse in 1806. ...
Map of Croatia with Dalmatia highlighted Dalmatia is a region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, in modern Croatia, spreading between the island of Rab in the northwest and the Gulf of Kotor (Boka Kotorska) in the southeast. ...
Venice (Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venexia), nicknamed the city of canals, is the capital of the region of Veneto and of the province of Venice in Italy. ...
Kálmán's court was a center of learning and literature. Bishop Hartvik's Life of St. Stephen, a chronicle of Hungary, the shorter of the extant Legends of St. Gellért, and several collections of laws all stem from his reign. One of his most famous laws was half a millennium ahead of its time: De strigis vero quae non sunt, nulla amplius quaestio fiat (As for the matter of witches [more exactly "strigas", which isn't exactly the same as "witch"], there is no such thing, therefore no further investigations or trials are to be held). Stephen the Great raising the double cross: equestrian sculpture by Alajos Stróbl, 1906, crowns the Fishermens Bastion, Budapest. ...
Álmos made several attempts to take over Kálmán's throne, but all were unsuccessful. After repeatedly forgiving his wayward brother, Kálmán was finally forced to bring justice against him in 1115, although even then he commuted the familial death sentence required by law to the sentence of blinding Álmos and his young son Béla. Béla II of Hungary, The Blind (Hungarian: Vak Béla) (1110-1141) of the Arpad dynasty was King of Hungary from 1131 until his death. ...
Kálmán died February 3, 1116. He was buried in Székesfehérvár, next to St. Stephen. Székesfehérvár (help· info) (German: Stuhlweißenburg, Latin: Alba Regia, colloquial Hungarian: Fehérvár) is a city in central Hungary, located around 65 km southwest of Budapest. ...
He married twice, first in 1097 to Felicia (called Busila in Hungary), daughter of Roger I of Sicily. They had three children: Roger I (1031 – June 22, 1101), Norman ruler of Sicily, was the youngest son of Tancred of Hauteville. ...
- Zsófia (Sophia)
- István (II) (1102-1131)
- László (1101-1112)
Felicia died in 1102, and a second marriage was arranged in 1104 between Kálmán and Eufemia of Kiev, daughter of Prince Vladimir II of Kiev. However a few years later she was caught in adultery and immediately divorced and sent back to her father. Eufemia bore a son in Kiev, named Boris Conrad, in 1112. After Stephen II died in 1131, Boris became a contender for the throne, but because Kálmán had refused to acknowledge Boris as his son, the Hungarian magnates ignored him and gave the Hungarian throne to a cousin, the blinded son of Álmos, Béla. Stephen II (Hungarian: , Slovak: Å tefan II) (1101 – March 1, 1131) was a King of Hungary of the Arpad dynasty from 1116 until his death. ...
Vladimir Monomakh (1053 – May 19, 1125) was undoubtedly the best loved prince of Kievan Rus. ...
Béla II of Hungary, The Blind (Hungarian: Vak Béla) (1110-1141) of the Arpad dynasty was King of Hungary from 1131 until his death. ...
|
Feeds |
Contact