It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Wars of national liberation. (Discuss)

Boer soldiers during the 1899-1902 Anglo-Boer War, a colonial conflict in a province of the British Empire

Colonial war is a form of conflict fought between the foreign occupiers of a colony and the colony's indigenous population, colonists, or the military forces of a rival colonial power. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... It has been suggested that Colonial war be merged into this article or section. ... Image File history File links Afrikaner_commandos. ... Image File history File links Afrikaner_commandos. ... This article is about the Boer people (Boerevolk). ... Combatants United Kingdom Australia New Zealand Canada Cape Colony Orange Free State South African Republic Commanders Redvers Buller Frederick Roberts Herbert Kitchener Paul Kruger Martinus Steyn Louis Botha Christiaan de Wet Casualties 22,000 6,500 Civilians killed [mainly Boers]: 24,000+ The Second Boer War, commonly referred to as... The British Empire in 1897, marked in pink, the traditional colour for Imperial British dominions on maps. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

The term usually refers to wars fought during the nineteenth century between European armies in Africa, Asia, and the Caribbean, although the term can be used more broadly to describe any war fought in an overseas territory between foreigners and the local population. The latter would normally be described as a War of independence. Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the continent. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... World map showing the location of Asia. ... West Indian redirects here. ... The term War of Independence is generally used to describe a war occurring over a territory that has declared independence. ...

19th Century

Colonialism in the nineteenth century, in particular the Scramble for Africa, saw many conflicts between native peoples and small, professional European armies which were often equipped with cutting-edge military technology such as rifled guns and artillery, compensating for their small numbers. Colonial military operations in this context were generally split into two phases; firstly, a small European army would invade a territory in order to eliminate local forces and secure the area as an official colony. Once the colony was secured, a smaller European force would remain as a garrison, maintaining order and quelling any uprisings, and often organising local inhabitants into European-style military units, such as the Sepoys and Askaris of India and Africa respectively. It has been suggested that Benign colonialism be merged into this article or section. ... Cecil Rhodes: Cape-Cairo railway project. ... This article is about the continent. ... Rifling of a Canon de 75 modèle 1897 A 35 caliber Remington, with a microgrove rifled barrel with a right hand twist. ... Artillery with Gabion fortification Cannons on display at Fort Point Continental Artillery crew from the American Revolution Firing of an 18-pound gun, Louis-Philippe Crepin, (1772 – 1851) A forge-welded Iron Cannon in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu. ... For people named Garrison, see Garrison (disambiguation) Garrison House, built by William Damm in 1675 at Dover, New Hampshire Garrison (from the French garnison, itself from the verb garnir, to equip) is the collective term for the body of troops stationed in a particular location, originally to guard it, but... A sepoy (from Persian سپاهی Sepâhi meaning soldier) was a native of India employed as a soldier in the service of a European power, usually of the United Kingdom. ... A drawing of an Askari by Wilhelm Kuhnert Askari is an Arabic, Persian and Swahili word meaning soldier (Arabic: ‎ ‘askarÄ«). It was frequently used to describe indigenous troops in East Africa and the Middle East serving European colonial powers but also describes policemen and security guards. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ...

Victory against colonial power

Although colonial wars usually resulted in a Western victory, local inhabitants were sometimes – though rarely – able to inflict crushing defeats on colonial invaders. Examples include the Battle of Khartoum, the Battle of Isandhlwana, and the Battle of Adowa, all of which saw traditional African armies decisively defeat European forces. Often, this was due to European commanders' perception of native forces as posing little threat to a Western army, and subsequently refusing to treat their enemies with the same degree of caution. The Battle of Khartoum was fought in 1884 and 1885 between Sudanese Muslim forces and British forces. ... The Battle of Isandlwana was a battle in the Zulu War in which a Zulu army wiped out a British force on January 22, 1879. ... Combatants Ethiopia Kingdom of Italy Commanders Ras Makonnen Oreste Baratieri Strength ~100,000 (80,000 with firearms), Unknown number of artillery and machine guns 17,700 (all with firearms), 56 artillery guns Casualties 4,000-6,000 killed, 8,000 wounded[1] 7,000 killed, 1,500 wounded, 3,000...

Types

Between opposing colonial powers

This is usually the type of conflict referred to be the term colonial war. It was quite a common occurrence from the 15th to 19th centuries for colonial powers to fight for control of lucrative trade routes and colonies that either supplied valuable goods (precious metals, spices) or were vital to the control of these routes. Most often the colonial powers involved were Great Britain, France, Spain, Portugal and The Netherlands. Motto: Je Maintiendrai (Dutch: Ik zal handhaven, English: I Shall Uphold) Anthem: Wilhelmus van Nassouwe Capital Amsterdam1 Largest city Amsterdam Official language(s) Dutch2 Government Parliamentary democracy Constitutional monarchy  - Queen Beatrix  - Prime minister Jan Peter Balkenende Independence Eighty Years War   - Declared July 26, 1581   - Recognised January 30, 1648 (by Spain...

Between colonial power and colonist

During the Boer Wars, for example, the forces of Great Britain (the colonial power) fought white colonists (Boers) as well as the indigenous peoples of South Africa. By that time the Boers no longer considered themselves to be colonists, but natives fighting a war of independence. Boer guerrillas during the Second Boer War There were two Boer wars, one in 1880-81 and the second from October 11, 1899-1902 both between the British and the settlers of Dutch origin (called Boere, Afrikaners or Voortrekkers) in South Africa that put an end to the two independent... Afrikaners are white South Africans of predominantly Calvinist Dutch, German, French Huguenot, Friesian and Walloon descent who speak Afrikaans. ... The term War of Independence is generally used to describe a war occurring over a territory that has declared independence. ...

Examples

Examples of colonial wars include the Java War, the American War of Independence, the Indian Rebellion, and various conflicts waged during the Scramble for Africa, such as the Anglo-Zulu War and the Mahdist War. The Anglo-Ashanti Wars of the late 1800s were a typical example of colonial warfare, in which small British armies, equipped with modern artillery and machine guns, repeatedly defeated much larger forces of local warriors. The Java War was fought in Java between 1825 and 1830. ... The American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a war fought primarily between Great Britain and revolutionaries within thirteen of her North American colonies. ... An engraving titled Sepoy Indian troops dividing the spoils after their mutiny against British rule gives a contemporary view of events from a British perspective. ... Cecil Rhodes: Cape-Cairo railway project. ... Combatants United Kingdom Zulu Nation Commanders Sir Bartle Frere, Frederick Augustus Thesiger, 2nd Baron Chelmsford Cetshwayo Strength 14,800 (6,400 Europeans 8,400 Africans) 40,000 Casualties 1,727 killed, 256 wounded 8,250+ killed, 3,000+ wounded The Anglo-Zulu War was fought in 1879 between the United... The Mahdist War was a struggle for Sudanese libaration that failed in the late 19-century. ... The Anglo-Ashanti Wars were a series of four notable wars between the British and the Ashanti kings between 1826 and 1896. ... Artillery with Gabion fortification Cannons on display at Fort Point Continental Artillery crew from the American Revolution Firing of an 18-pound gun, Louis-Philippe Crepin, (1772 – 1851) A forge-welded Iron Cannon in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu. ... A machine gun is a fully-automatic firearm that is capable of firing bullets in rapid succession. ...

See also

• Colonialism
• Spice trade
• War of Independence, where inhabitants native to the colony in question seek to gain independence from the occupying colonial power.
• Le Fanion de la Légion
• Zulu (film)

It has been suggested that Benign colonialism be merged into this article or section. ... Spices at the central market of Agadir, Morocco in May 2005 The spice trade has been of major economic importance throughout human history and it particularly helped spur the Age of Exploration. ... The term War of Independence is generally used to describe a war occurring over a territory that has declared independence. ... Le Fanion de la Légion (The Flag of the Legion), is a French song created in 1936 by Marie Dubas, with lyrics from Raymond Asso and music from Marguerite Monnot, and which was later taken up by Edith Piaf and became identified with her. ... Zulu is a 1964 adventure film depicting the Battle of Rorkes Drift between the British Army and the Army of the Zulus. ...

Other uses

• Colony Wars was a computer game of the 1990s.