City of Columbus
Flag Seal
Nickname: The Arch City, The Discovery City, C-Bus
Location in the state of Ohio, USA
Coordinates: 39°59′00″N 82°59′00″W / 39.983333, -82.983333
Country	United States
State	Ohio
Counties	Franklin, Fairfield, Delaware
Government
- Mayor	Michael B. Coleman (D)
Area
- City	212.6 sq mi (550.5 km²)
- Land	210.3 sq mi (544.6 km²)
- Water	2.3 sq mi (5.9 km²)
Elevation	902 ft (275 m)
Population (2006)[1] [2]
- City	733,203
- Density	3,383.6/sq mi (1,306.4/km²)
- Metro	1,725,570
Time zone	EST (UTC-5)
- Summer (DST)	EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP code	43240
Area code(s)	614
FIPS code	39-18000GR2
GNIS feature ID	1080996GR3
Website: http://www.columbus.gov/

Columbus is the capital and the largest city of the American state of Ohio. Named for explorer Christopher Columbus, the city was founded in 1812 at the confluence of the Scioto and Olentangy rivers, and assumed the functions of state capital in 1816. The city has a diverse economy based on education, insurance, healthcare, and technology. Acknowledged by Money Magazine as the 8th best large city in the U.S. to inhabit, it is also recognized as an emerging global city.^[3][4] Residents of Columbus are usually referred to as Columbusites.^[5] Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 311 pixelsFull resolution (3264 × 1269 pixel, file size: 1. ... Flag of Columbus, Ohio File links The following pages link to this file: Columbus, Ohio Categories: Flag images ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... EXAMPLE:Laughbox,Blondie,BamBam,Pinkie,etc. ... Image File history File links OHMap-doton-Columbus. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... This list of countries, arranged alphabetically, gives an overview of countries of the world. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  US Government Portal      The political units and divisions of the United States include: The 50 states... This article is about the U.S. State. ... Listed are the 88 counties of the state of Ohio. ... Franklin County is a county located in the state of Ohio. ... Fairfield County is a county located in the state of Ohio, United States. ... Delaware County is a fast growing suburban county located in the state of Ohio, within the Columbus, OH metropolitan area. ... A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning larger, greater) is the modern title of the highest ranking municipal officer. ... Mayor Michael B. Coleman Michael B. Coleman (b. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  Politics Portal      Further information: Politics of the United States#Organization of American political parties The Democratic... This article is about the physical quantity. ... For other uses, see City (disambiguation). ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... To help compare different orders of magnitude and geographical regions, we list here areas between 100 km² and 1000 km². See also areas of other orders of magnitude. ... Elevation histogram of the surface of the Earth – approximately 71% of the Earths surface is covered with water. ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, ′ – a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... This article is about the unit of length. ... For other uses, see City (disambiguation). ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... The Eastern Standard Time Zone is a geographic region that keeps time by subtracting five hours from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). ... -12 | -11 | -10 | -9:30 | -9 | -8 | -7 | -6 | -5 | -4 | -3:30 | -3 | -2:30 | -2 | -1 | -0:25 | UTC (0) | +0:20 | +0:30 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +3:30 | +4 | +4:30 | +4:51 | +5 | +5:30 | +5:40 | +5:45 | +6 | +6:30 | +7 | +7:20 | +7... Although DST is common in Europe and North America, most of the worlds people do not use it. ... Eastern Daylight Time or EDT is equal to: In North America, Eastern Standard Time + 1, or UTC − 4 hours. ... −12 | −11 | −10 | −9:30 | −9 | −8 | −7 | −6 | −5 | −4 | −3:30 | −3 | −2:30 | −2 | −1 | −0:25 | UTC (0) | +0:20 | +0:30 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +3:30 | +4 | +4:30 | +4:51 | +5 | +5:30 | +5:40 | +5:45 | +6 | +6:30 | +7 | +7:20 | +7... Mr. ... Area code 614, which for decades covered the entire southeastern quarter of the state of Ohio, now represents only the Columbus metropolitan area. ... Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) are publicly announced standards developed by the U.S. Federal government for use by all (non-military) government agencies and by government contractors. ... GNIS (The Geographic Names Information System) contains name and locative information about almost two million physical and cultural features located throughout the United States of America and its Territories. ... Not to be confused with capitol. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  US Government Portal      A U.S. state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of... This article is about the U.S. State. ... Christopher Columbus (1451 – May 20, 1506) was a navigator, colonizer, and explorer and one of the first Europeans to explore the Americas after the Vikings. ... Confluence of Rhine and Mosel at Koblenz In geography, a confluence describes the point where two rivers meet and become one, usually when a tributary joins a more major river. ... Perspective view looking upstream of Scioto River valley near Portsmouth, Ohio. ... Ohio State Highway 315 passing over the Olentangy in Columbus in 2002. ... Insurance, in law and economics, is a form of risk management primarily used to hedge against the risk of a contingent loss. ... Health care or healthcare is one of the worlds largest and fastest growing professions. ... By the mid 20th century humans had achieved a mastery of technology sufficient to leave the surface of the Earth for the first time and explore space. ... Cover of Money magazine Money is a Time Warner financial magazine. ... “World city” redirects here. ...

The population was 711,470 at the 2000 census. In 2006 Columbus was ranked as the 15th largest city in the United States, with 733,203 residents, and was the country's 32nd largest metropolitan area. Located near the geographic center of the state, Columbus is the county seat of Franklin County, although parts of the city also extend into Delaware and Fairfield counties. 2000 US Census logo The Twenty-Second United States Census, known as Census 2000 and conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States on April 1, 2000, to be 281,421,906, an increase of 13. ... Ten most populous cities in the United States Los Angeles San Jose San Diego Phoenix Chicago New York City Houston San Antonio Dallas Philadelphia The following is a list of the most populous incorporated places in the United States. ... There are two official definitions of metropolitan area used today in the United States, metropolitan statistical areas, and combined statistical areas, the former restrictive, the latter more extensive. ... In the United States, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has produced a formal definition of metropolitan areas. ... Centerburg is a village in Knox County, Ohio, along the North Fork of the Licking River. ... A county seat is a term for an administrative center for a county, primarily used in the United States. ... Franklin County is a county located in the state of Ohio. ... Delaware County is a fast growing suburban county located in the state of Ohio, within the Columbus, OH metropolitan area. ... Fairfield County is a county located in the state of Ohio, United States. ...

The name Columbus is often used to refer to the Columbus Metropolitan Area, which includes many other municipalities. According to the US Census, the metropolitan area has a population of 1,725,570, while the Combined Statistical Area (which also includes Marion and Chillicothe) has 1,953,575 people.^[6] The Columbus Metropolitan Area is the metropolitan area centered on American city of Columbus, Ohio. ... A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly referring to a city, town, or village, or a small grouping of them. ... The United States Office of Management and Budget (OMB) defines micropolitan and metropolitan statistical areas. ... Marion is a city started by Napoleon Bonoparte and currently ruled by Hitler it is a strong supporter of France and is starting a revolution to become an independent city state in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Marion CountyGR6. ... Nickname: Location in the state of Ohio Coordinates: , Country United States State Ohio Counties Ross Government  - Mayor Joseph P. Sulzer (D) Area  - City 9. ...

[edit] History

Evidence of ancient mound-building societies abounds in the region near the confluence of the Scioto and Olentangy rivers. Mound Street, located in downtown Columbus, was so named because of its proximity to a large Native American burial mound.^[7] Numerous other earthworks were found throughout the area, including a surviving edifice on McKinley Avenue.^[8] Those ancient civilizations had long since faded into history when European explorers began moving into the region south of Lake Erie. Rather than an empty frontier, however, they encountered people of the Miami, Delaware, Wyandot, Shawnee, and Mingo nations. These tribes resisted expansion by the fledgling United States, resulting in years of bitter conflict. A decisive battle at Fallen Timbers resulted in the Treaty of Greenville, which finally opened the way for new settlements. By 1797, a young surveyor from Virginia named Lucas Sullivant had founded a permanent settlement on the west bank of the forks of the Scioto River. An admirer of Benjamin Franklin, Sullivant chose to name his new frontier village "Franklinton."^[9] Although the location was desirable in its proximity to navigable rivers, Sullivant was initially foiled when in 1798, a large flood wiped out the newly formed settlement.^[10] He persevered, and the village was rebuilt. Miamisburg Mound, the largest conical mound in Ohio, is attributed to the Adena archaeological culture. ... This article is about the people indigenous to the United States. ... Lake Erie (pronounced ) is the tenth largest lake on Earth[2] and, of the five Great Lakes of North America, is the fourth largest by surface area, the southernmost, shallowest, and smallest by volume. ... A frontier is a political and geographical term referring to areas near or beyond a boundary, or of a different nature. ... The Miami are a Native American tribe originally found in Indiana and Ohio, and now living also in Oklahoma. ... For the language, see Lenape language. ... The Wyandot, or Wendat, is an indigenous people of North America, originally from what is now Southern Ontario, Quebec, Canada and Southeast Michigan. ... This article is about the Native American tribe. ... This article is about the Native American tribe. ... Combatants United States Legion of the United States consisting of: 1st Sub-Legion: 3d Infantry Regiment 2nd Sub-Legion: U.S. 1st Infantry Regiment 3rd Sub-Legion: Captain Moses Porters Company of Artillery of the 3rd Sub-Legion 4th Sub-Legion: U.S. 4th Infantry Regiment Kentucky Volunteers Blue... This depiction of the treaty negotiations may have been painted by one of Anthony Waynes officers. ... Surveyor at work with a leveling instrument. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Benjamin Franklin (January 17 [O.S. January 6] 1706 – April 17, 1790) was one of the most well known Founding Fathers of the United States. ... Franklinton is a neighborhood in Columbus, Ohio. ... A body of water, such as a river, canal or lake, is navigable if it is deep and wide enough for a vessel to pass and there are no obstructions, like rocks, trees and low bridges. ... Flooding in Amphoe Sena, Ayutthaya Province, Thailand. ...

[edit] 19th century

After achieving statehood in 1803, political infighting among Ohio's more prominent leaders resulted in the state capital moving from Chillicothe to Zanesville and back again. The state legislature eventually decided that a new capital city, located in the center of the state, was a necessary compromise. Several of Ohio's small towns and villages petitioned the legislature for the honor of becoming the state capital, but ultimately a coalition of land speculators, with Sullivant's support, made the most attractive offer to the Ohio General Assembly. Named in honor of Christopher Columbus, the capital city was founded on February 14, 1812, on the "High Banks opposite Franklinton at the Forks of the Scioto known as Wolf's Ridge."^[11] At the time, this area was a dense forestland, used only as a hunting ground.^[12] Not to be confused with capitol. ... Nickname: Location in the state of Ohio Coordinates: , Country United States State Ohio Counties Ross Government  - Mayor Joseph P. Sulzer (D) Area  - City 9. ... Muskingum County Courthouse (Photo ©2004 Leslie K. Dellovade) Zanesville is a city in Muskingum County, Ohio, United States. ... The Ohio General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Ohio. ... is the 45th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the overture by Tchaikovsky, see 1812 Overture; For the wars, see War of 1812 (USA - United Kingdom) or Patriotic War of 1812 (France - Russia) For the Siberia Airlines plane crashed over the Black Sea on October 4, 2001, see Siberia Airlines Flight 1812 1812 was a leap year starting...

Old City Hall, completed in 1872 and burned in 1921

The Burough of Columbus [sic] was officially established on February 10, 1816.^[13] Nine people were elected to fill the various positions of Mayor, Treasurer, and others. Although the recent War of 1812 had brought prosperity to the area, the subsequent recession and conflicting claims to the land threatened the success of the new town. Early conditions were abysmal, with frequent bouts of fevers and an outbreak of Cholera in 1833.^[14] Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1215x1020, 286 KB) Old Columbus City Hall, completed in 1872. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1215x1020, 286 KB) Old Columbus City Hall, completed in 1872. ... is the 41st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1816 (MDCCCXVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... This article is about the U.S.–U.K. war. ... Cholera (or Asiatic cholera or epidemic cholera) is an extreme diarrheal disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. ...

The National Road reached Columbus from Baltimore in 1831, which complemented the city's new link to the Ohio and Erie Canal and facilitated a population boom.^[15] A wave of immigrants from Europe resulted in the establishment of two ethnic enclaves on the outskirts of the city. A significant Irish population settled in the north along Naghten Street (presently Nationwide Boulevard), while the Germans took advantage of the cheap land to the south, creating a community that came to be known as Das Alte Südende (The Old South End). Columbus' German population is responsible for constructing numerous breweries, Trinity Lutheran Seminary, and Capital University.^[16] Map showing the route of the National Road at its greatest completion in 1839, with historical state boundaries. ... Baltimore redirects here. ... The Ohio and Erie Canal in 1902 The Ohio and Erie Canal was constructed in the early 1800s and connected the Ohio River at Portsmouth and Lake Erie at Cleveland, Ohio. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... German Village is a historic neighborhood just south of downtown Columbus, Ohio. ... The entrance of a brewery. ... Trinity Lutheran Seminary is a (ELCA) seminary (a school of theology) located in Columbus, Ohio. ... Capital University is a university of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America located in Bexley, Ohio, founded in 1830, that offers five schools of study: College of Arts and Sciences; the Conservatory of Music; Capital University Law School; School of Management; and School of Nursing. ...

With a population of 3500, Columbus was officially chartered as a city on March 3, 1834. The legislature carried out a special act on that day, which granted legislative authority to the city council and judicial authority to the mayor. Elections were held in April of that year, with voters choosing one John Brooks as the first mayor.^[17] is the 62nd day of the year (63rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1834 (MDCCCXXXIV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

In 1850 the Columbus and Xenia Railroad became the first railroad to enter the city, followed by the Cleveland, Columbus and Cincinnati Railroad in 1851. The two railroads built a joint Union Station on the east side of High Street just north of Naughten (then called North Public Lane). Rail traffic into Columbus increased--by 1875 Columbus was served by eight railroads, and a new, more elaborate station was built.^[18] The Columbus and Xenia Railroad was the first railroad to operate in Columbus, Ohio. ... railroads redirects here. ... The Cleveland Columbus and Cincinnati Railroad was the second railroad to enter Columbus, Ohio. ... Columbus Union Station and its predecessors served railroad passengers in Columbus from February 27, 1850 until April 28, 1977. ...

The Great Southern Hotel, completed in 1897

On January 7, 1857, the Ohio Statehouse finally opened to the public after eighteen years of construction.^[19] During the Civil War, Columbus was the home of Camp Chase, a major base for the Union Army that housed 26,000 troops and held up to 9,000 Confederate prisoners of war. Over 2,000 Confederate soldiers remain buried at the site, making it one of the largest Confederate cemeteries in the North.^[20] By virtue of the Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Act, the Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College was founded in 1870 on the former estate of William and Hannah Neil.^[21] Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (3488 × 2616 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (3488 × 2616 pixel, file size: 2. ... is the 7th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... South facade of the Ohio Statehouse The Ohio Statehouse, located in Columbus, Ohio, is the seat of government for the state of Ohio. ... Combatants United States of America (Union) Confederate States of America (Confederacy) Commanders Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee Strength 2,200,000 1,064,000 Casualties 110,000 killed in action, 360,000 total dead, 275,200 wounded 93,000 killed in action, 258,000 total... Camp Chase Cemetery. ... The 21st Michigan Infantry, a company of Shermans veterans. ... A group of Confederate soldiers The Confederate States Army (CSA) was organized in February 1861 to defend the newly formed Confederate States of America from military action by the United States government during the American Civil War. ... Geneva Convention definition A prisoner of war (POW) is a soldier, sailor, airman, or marine who is imprisoned by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict. ... Regional definitions vary from source to source. ... Morrill Act redirects here. ... The Ohio State University (OSU) is a coeducational public research university in the state of Ohio. ...

By the end of the 19th century, Columbus saw the rise of several major manufacturing businesses. The city became known as the "Buggy Capital of the World," thanks to the presence of some two dozen buggy factories, notably the Columbus Buggy Company, which was founded in 1875 by C.D. Firestone. The Columbus Consolidated Brewing Company also rose to prominence during this time, and it may have achieved even greater success were it not for the influence of the Anti-Saloon League, based in neighboring Westerville.^[22] In the steel industry, a forward-thinking man named Samuel P. Bush presided over the Buckeye Steel Castings Company. Columbus was also a popular location for the organization of labor. In 1886, Samuel Gompers founded the American Federation of Labor in Druid's Hall on S. Fourth Street, and in 1890 the United Mine Workers of America was founded at old City Hall.^[23] Manufacturing (from Latin manu factura, making by hand) is the use of tools and labor to make things for use or sale. ... Catherine IIs carved, painted and gilded Coronation Coach (Hermitage Museum) George VI and Queen Elizabeth in a landau with footmen and an outrider, Canada 1939 The classic definition of a carriage is a four-wheeled horse drawn private passenger vehicle with leaf springs (elliptical springs in the 19th century... The Anti-Saloon League was the leading organization lobbying for prohibition in the United States in the early 20th century. ... Westerville is a city in Franklin and Delaware Counties in the U.S. state of Ohio. ... Samuel Prescott Bush (October 4, 1863 – February 8, 1948) was an American industrialist and entrepreneur, and the patriarch of the Bush political family. ... External Links: - Governor Announces $3 Million for Buckeye Steel (August 27, 2001) - Buckeye Steel files for Ch. ... Samuel Gompers (January 27, 1850[1] - December 13, 1924) was an American labor union leader and a key figure in American labor history. ... The American Federation of Labor (AFL) was one of the first federations of labor unions in the United States. ... United Mine Workers of America seal The United Mine Workers (UMW or UMWA) is a United States labor union that represents workers in mining. ...

[edit] 20th century to the present

Street arches returned to the Short North in late 2002

Columbus earned its nickname "The Arch City" because of the dozens of metal (formerly wooden) arches that spanned High Street at the turn of the twentieth century. The arches illuminated the thoroughfare and eventually became the means by which electric power was provided to the new streetcars. The arches were torn down and replaced with cluster lights in 1914, but were reconstructed in the Short North district in 2002 for their unique historical interest.^[24]. Image File history File links Arches span the breadth of High Street in Columbus, Ohio. ... Image File history File links Arches span the breadth of High Street in Columbus, Ohio. ... One of the arches over High Street in the Short North neighborhood. ... This article refers to public transport vehicles running on rails. ... One of the arches over High Street in the Short North neighborhood. ...

On March 25, 1913, a catastrophic flood devastated the neighborhood of Franklinton, leaving over ninety people dead and thousands of West Side residents homeless. To prevent future flooding, the Army Corps of Engineers recommended widening the Scioto River through downtown, constructing new bridges, and building a retaining wall along its banks. With the strength of the post-WWI economy, a construction boom occurred in the 1920s, resulting in a new Civic Center, the Ohio Theatre, the American Insurance Union Citadel, and, to the north, a massive new Ohio Stadium.^[25] Although the American Professional Football Association was founded in Canton in 1920, its head offices moved to Columbus in 1921 and remained in the city until 1941. In 1922, the association's name was changed to the National Football League. ^[26] is the 84th day of the year (85th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... The United States Army Corps of Engineers, or USACE, is a federal agency made up of some 34,600 civilian and 650 military men and women. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ... The Ohio Theatre The Ohio Theatre is the official state theater of Ohio,[] located in downtown Columbus on the former site of the old Columbus City Hall. ... LeVeque Tower is a 47-story Art Deco skyscraper in Columbus, Ohio. ... Ohio Stadium (also known as The House Harley Built, The Horseshoe, or simply The ’Shoe) is the home of the Buckeyes football team at The Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio. ... For other uses of the abbreviation NFL, see NFL (disambiguation). ... Canton is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Stark CountyGR6. ... NFL redirects here. ...

The effects of the Great Depression were somewhat less severe in Columbus, as the city's diversified economy helped it fare marginally better than its Rust Belt neighbors. World War II brought a tremendous number of new jobs to the city, and with it another population surge. This time, the majority of new arrivals were migrants from the "extraordinarily depressed rural areas" of Appalachia, who would soon account for more than a third of Columbus' rising population.^[27] In 1948, the Town and Country Shopping Center opened in suburban Whitehall, and it is now regarded as one of the first modern shopping centers in the United States.^[28] Along with the construction of the interstate highway, it signaled the arrival of rapid suburban development in central Ohio. In order to protect the city's tax base from this suburbanization, Columbus adopted a policy of linking sewer and water hookups to annexation to the city.^[29] By the early 1990s, Columbus had grown to become Ohio's largest city in both land area and in population. For other uses, see The Great Depression (disambiguation). ... Manufacturing Belt, highlighted in red The Rust Belt, a term coined from Manufacturing Belt, is an area in parts of the Midwest and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States of America. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... It has been suggested that Poverty in Appalachia be merged into this article or section. ... Whitehall is a city located in Franklin County, Ohio. ... For the traditional meaning of the word mall, see pedestrian street or promenade. ... Interstate Highways in the lower 48 states. ... “Suburbia” redirects here. ... Suburbanisation is a term used by many to describe the current social urban dynamic operating within many parts of the developed world and is related to the phenomenon of urban sprawl. ... Ceremonies during the annexation of Hawaii. ...

Efforts to revitalize Downtown Columbus have met with mixed results in recent decades. In the 1970s old landmarks such as Union Station and the Neil House Hotel were razed to construct high-rise offices and retail space such as the Huntington Center.^[30] Newer suburban developments at Tuttle Crossing, Easton, and Polaris have inhibited much of the anticipated downtown growth. Still, with the addition of the Arena District as well as hundreds of downtown residential units, significant revitalization efforts are likely to continue in the downtown area. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Columbus, Ohio. ... Columbus Union Station and its predecessors served railroad passengers in Columbus from February 27, 1850 until April 28, 1977. ... The Mall at Tuttle Crossing is a shopping center located in Dublin, Ohio. ... Easton Town Center[1] (commonly referred to as Easton) is a large mixed-use, office, retail, dining and entertainment center in Columbus, Ohio, near the northeastern suburbs of New Albany and Gahanna. ... Polaris Fashion Place, opened in October 2001, is a two level shopping mall on the Northern edge of Columbus, Ohio. ... The Arena District is a 75 acre mixed-use urban infill, master planned development located in downtown Columbus, Ohio. ...

[edit] Geography

[edit] Topography

Skyline of Columbus, viewed from North Bank Park

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 550.5 km² (212.6 mi²). 544.6 km² (210.3 mi²) of it is land and 5.9 km² (2.3 mi²) of it (1.07%) is water. Unlike many other major US cities in the Midwest, Columbus continues to expand its reach by way of extensions and annexations, making it one of the fastest growing large cities in the nation, in terms of both geography and population, and probably the fastest in the Midwest. Unlike Cleveland and Cincinnati, the central cities in Ohio's two largest metropolitan areas, Columbus is ringed by relatively few suburbs; since the 1950s it has made annexation a condition for providing water and sewer service, to which it holds regional rights throughout a large portion of Central Ohio. This policy is credited with preserving Columbus' tax base in the face of the U.S.'s suburbanization and has contributed to its continued economic expansion, much like other cities pursuing similar policies such as San Antonio, Texas, of which is similarly lacking in surrounding incorporated suburbs. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 484 KB) Summary Columbus skyline, Taken August 05. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 484 KB) Summary Columbus skyline, Taken August 05. ... The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title ) is a part of the United States Department of Commerce. ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... The Midwest is a common name for a region of the United States of America. ... Ceremonies during the annexation of Hawaii. ... The Midwest is a common name for a region of the United States of America. ... Cleveland redirects here. ... Cincinnati, Ohio viewed from the SW, across the Ohio River from Kentucky. ... Ceremonies during the annexation of Hawaii. ... San Antonio redirects here. ... For other uses, see Texas (disambiguation). ...

The confluence of the Scioto and Olentangy rivers occurs just west of downtown Columbus. Several smaller tributaries course through the Columbus metro area, including Alum Creek, Big Walnut Creek, and Darby Creek. Columbus is considered to have relatively flat topography thanks to a large glacier that covered most of Ohio during the Wisconsin Ice Age. However, there are sizable differences in elevation through the area, with the high point of Franklin County being 1132ft (345m) above Sea level near New Albany, and the low point being 670ft (207m) where the Scioto River leaves the county near Lockbourne.^[31] Numerous ravine areas near the rivers and creeks also help give some variety to the landscape. Tributaries to Alum Creek and the Olentangy River cut through shale, while tributaries to the Scioto River cut through limestone. Deciduous trees are common, including maple, oak, hickory, walnut, poplar, cottonwood, and of course, buckeye. Perspective view looking upstream of Scioto River valley near Portsmouth, Ohio. ... Ohio State Highway 315 passing over the Olentangy in Columbus in 2002. ... Alum Creek is a tributary of Big Walnut Creek, which drains into the Scioto River. ... Big Walnut Creek starts near Mount Gilead, Ohio in Morrow County. ... For discussion of land surfaces themselves, see Terrain. ... This article is about the geological formation. ... The Wisconsin (in North America), Devensian (in the British Isles), Midlandian (in Ireland), Würm (in the Alps), and Weichsel (in northern central Europe) glaciations are the most recent glaciations of the Pleistocene epoch, which ended around 10,000 BCE. The general glacial advance began about 70,000 BCE, and... For considerations of sea level change, in particular rise associated with possible global warming, see sea level rise. ... New Albany is a village in Franklin and Licking Counties in the U.S. state of Ohio, just northeast of the state capital of Columbus. ... Lockbourne is a village located in Franklin County, Ohio. ... For other uses, see Deciduous (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Maple (disambiguation). ... Species See List of Quercus species The term oak can be used as part of the common name of any of several hundred species of trees and shrubs in the genus Quercus (from Latin oak tree), and some related genera, notably Cyclobalanopsis and Lithocarpus. ... Species See text Comparison of Carya nuts Ripe hickory nuts ready to fall, Andrews, SC Hickory is a tree of the genus Carya, including 17-19 species of deciduous trees with pinnately compound leaves and large nuts. ... For other uses, see Walnut (disambiguation). ... This article is about woody plants of the genus Populus. ... Species Populus deltoides L. Populus fremontii [[]] Populus nigra L. This article is about the poplar species. ... Binomial name Aesculus glabra Willd. ...

[edit] Climate

The region is dominated by a humid continental climate (Koppen climate classification Dfa), characterized by hot, muggy summers and cold, dry winters. The hottest temperature ever recorded in Columbus was 106°F (41°C), which occurred twice during the Dust Bowl drought of the 1930s - once on July 21, 1934, and again two years later, on July 14, 1936.^[33] The coldest temperature was -22°F (-30°C), occurring January 19, 1994.^[33]

Columbus is subject to Severe weather typical to the Midwestern United States. Tornadoes are possible from the spring to the fall, the most recent of which occurred on October 11, 2006 and caused F2 damage.^[34] Floods, blizzards, and severe thunderstorms can also occur from time to time. The humid continental climate is a climate found over large areas of land masses in the temperate regions of the mid-latitudes where there is a zone of conflict between polar and tropical air masses. ... The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. ... Dust storm approaching Stratford, Texas in 1935 Buried machinery in barn lot. ... Fields outside Benambra, Victoria, Australia suffering from drought conditions A drought is an extended period of months or years when a region notes a deficiency in its water supply. ... is the 202nd day of the year (203rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 19th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1994 (MCMXCIV) The year 1994 was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by the United Nations. ... NOAA scientists observe severe weather using a mobile doppler radar and a helicopter (in the distance) Severe weather phenomena are weather conditions that are hazardous. ... is the 284th day of the year (285th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... F-scale redirects here. ... A flood (in Old English flod, a word common to Teutonic languages; compare German Flut, Dutch vloed from the same root as is seen in flow, float) is an overflow of water, an expanse of water submerging land, a deluge. ... This article is about snowstorms. ... A shelf cloud associated with a heavy or severe thunderstorm over Enschede, The Netherlands. ...

[edit] Cityscape

See also: Neighborhoods in Columbus, Ohio, Columbus Metropolitan Area, Downtown Columbus, and List of skyscrapers in Columbus, Ohio

Columbus also has a number of distinctive neighborhoods within the metro area. The Short North, situated just north of downtown, is rich with art galleries, dining, pubs, and specialty shops. A number of large, ornate Victorian homes are located nearby, and together they comprise Victorian Village. To the south, German Village is known for its quaint 19th century brick cottages, and it holds the distinction as the largest privately funded historic district on the National Register of Historic Places. These three neighborhoods have all undergone gentrification on a large scale. Franklinton, sometimes known as "the Bottoms", is the neighborhood immediately west of downtown. It gets its colorful nickname due to the fact that much of the land lies below the level of the Scioto and Olentangy rivers, and a floodwall is required to contain the rivers and protect the area from devastating floods. Just to the west of Franklinton is a group of smaller neighborhoods commonly referred to as "The Hilltop." There are hundreds of neighborhoods in Columbus, Ohio. ... The Columbus Metropolitan Area is the metropolitan area centered on American city of Columbus, Ohio. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Columbus, Ohio. ... As of 2007, there are 83 skyscrapers located in Columbus, Ohio, USA.[1] This list includes some of the larger ones. ... One of the arches over High Street in the Short North neighborhood. ... The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City. ... Pub redirects here. ... The Buttermans, the historic home of John Newman, the butter king, is one of several Queen Anne mansions in Elgin, Illinois The Queen Anne style of British and American architecture reached its greatest popularity in the last quarter of the 19th century, manifesting itself in a number of different ways... The Victorian Village is a neighborhood located north and near west of downtown Columbus, Ohio. ... German Village is a historic neighborhood just south of downtown Columbus, Ohio. ... A typical plaque showing entry on the National Register of Historic Places. ... This once impoverished part of Jersey Citys historic downtown is quickly becoming gentrified. ... Hilltop is a neighborhood on the west side of Columbus, Ohio, so named because it sits atop a rise that slopes down into the Scioto River. ...

There is also the Heritage Districts which include the Driving Park, Livingston Park and Old Oaks areas on the near east side of the city which is home to a part of the cities large black population. Driving Park is an area on the near east side of Columbus, Ohio. ...

The University area is populated by a high concentration of students during the school year (approximately 50,000) and features many old homes which have been converted to apartments for student use. The stretch of High Street that runs through the campus area caters to the student body with its abundance of bars, sandwich shops, music stores, and bookstores. Located between OSU and Worthington is Clintonville, where a mix of middle class homes can be found alongside beautiful old stone and brick-faced houses nestled among rolling hills. Further west of downtown, San Margherita is a community formed by Italian immigrants who arrived at the turn of the 20th century. // University Area home located in Northwood Park The University Area (or University District) located two miles north of Downtown Columbus, Ohio, is home to the main campus of the Ohio State University, the Battelle Institute and the James Cancer Center, one of the worlds finest cancer research facilities. ... Worthington is a city in Franklin County, Ohio, United States. ... Walhalla, a ravine in Clintonville Clintonville is an unincorporated neighborhood in north-central Columbus, Ohio, with around 28,000 residents. ... San Margherita is an unincorporated neighborhood of Columbus, Ohio that may be in danger of vanishing. ...

Columbus has its own city park system, and there is a metropolitan area parks system as well. Reservoirs and parks on the major streams offer recreational opportunities. The Scioto and Olentangy river corridors are becoming connected as greenways with bike paths, and the Scioto Mile project is enhancing the riverfront in the heart of downtown.

[edit] Transportation

The city's street plan originates downtown and extends into the old-growth neighborhoods, following a grid pattern with the intersection of High Street (running north-south) and Broad Street (running east-west) at its center. North-South streets run twelve degrees west of due North, parallel to High Street; the Avenues (vis. Fifth Avenue, Sixth Avenue, Seventh Avenue, etc.) run east-west.^[35] The address system begins its numbering at the intersection of Broad and High, with numbers increasing in magnitude with distance from Broad or High. Numbered Avenues begin with First Avenue, about 1¼ mile north of Broad Street, and increase in number as one progresses northward. Numbered Streets begin with Second Street, which is two blocks west of High Street, and Third Street, which is a block east of High Street, then progress eastward from there. Even-numbered addresses are on the north and east sides of streets, putting odd addresses on the south and west sides of streets. A difference of 700 house numbers means a distance of about one mile (along the same street).^[31] For example, 351 W 5th Avenue is approximately one-half mile west of High Street on the south side of Fifth Avenue. Buildings along north-south streets are numbered in a similar manner: the building number indicates the approximate distance from Broad Street, the prefixes ‘N’ and ‘S’ indicate whether that distance is to measured to the north or south of Broad Street and the street number itself indicates how far the street is from the center of the city at the intersection of Broad and High. A simple grid plan road map (Windermere, Florida). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Main Street. ...

Locations of numbered Streets and Avenues

This street numbering system does not hold true over a large area. The area served by numbered Avenues runs from about Marble Cliff to South Linden to the Airport, and the area served by numbered Streets covers Downtown and nearby neighborhoods to the east and south, with only a few exceptions. There are quite few intersections between numbered Streets and Avenues. Furthermore, named Streets and Avenues can have any orientation. For example, while all of the numbered avenues run east-west, perpendicular to High Street, many named, non-numbered avenues run north-south, parallel to High. The same is true of many named streets: while the numbered streets in the city run north-south, perpendicular to Broad Street, many named, non-numbered streets run east-west, perpendicular to High Street. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 482 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,252 × 754 pixels, file size: 252 KB, MIME type: image/png) I drew this map to illustrate the locations of numbered streets and avenues in Columbus, Ohio. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 482 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,252 × 754 pixels, file size: 252 KB, MIME type: image/png) I drew this map to illustrate the locations of numbered streets and avenues in Columbus, Ohio. ...

The addressing system, however, covers nearly all of Franklin County, with only a few older suburbs retaining self-centered address systems. The address scale of 700 per mile results in addresses approaching, but not usually reaching, 10,000 at the county's borders.

Other major, local roads in Columbus could include Main Street, Morse Road, Dublin-Granville Road (SR-161), Cleveland Avenue/Westerville Road (SR-3), Olentangy River Road, Riverside Drive, Sunbury Road, Fifth Avenue and Livingston Avenue. State Route 161 is an east-west state highway in the state of Ohio. ... Ohio State Highway 3 is a northeast-southwest (signed north-south) state route in Ohio which leads from Cleveland to Cincinnati, passing through Columbus along the way. ...

The eastern junction of I-70 and I-71 as they split apart leaving Columbus

Columbus is bisected by two major Interstate Highways, Interstate 70 running east-west, and Interstate 71 running north to roughly southwest. The two Interstates combine downtown for about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) in an area locally known as "The Split", which is a major traffic congestion point within Columbus, especially during rush hour. U.S. Highway 40, aka National Road, runs east-west through Columbus, comprising Main Street to the east of downtown and Broad Street to the west. It is also widely recognized as the nation's first highway. U.S. Highway 23 runs roughly north-south, while U.S. Highway 33 runs northwest-to-southeast. The Interstate 270 Outerbelt encircles the vast majority of the city, while the newly redesigned Innerbelt consists of the Interstate 670 spur on the north side (which continues to the east past the Airport and to the west where it merges with I-70), State Route 315 on the west side, the I-70/71 split on the south side, and I-71 on the east. Due to its central location within Ohio and abundance of outbound roadways, nearly all of the state's destinations are within a 2-hour drive of Columbus. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2048 × 1536 pixel, file size: 591 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) (All user names refer to en. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2048 × 1536 pixel, file size: 591 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) (All user names refer to en. ... A typical rural stretch of Interstate highway, with two lanes in each direction separated by a large grassy median, and with cross-traffic limited to overpasses and underpasses. ... Interstate 70 (abbreviated I-70) is a long interstate highway in the United States that runs from Interstate 15 about a mile from Cove Fort, Utah to a Park and Ride in Baltimore, Maryland. ... INTERSTATE JUNCTIONS JUNCTION EXIT # I-64 KY 1 I-75 KY 77 OH 1 I-70 OH 106 OH 107 I-76 OH 209 I-80 OH 233 I-90 OH 247 Legend BROWSE STATE HWYS Prev Next {{{browse}}} Interstate 71 is an Interstate Highway in the Southeastern and Midwestern... For other uses, see Rush hour (disambiguation). ... United States Highway 40 is an east-west United States highway. ... Map showing the route of the National Road at its greatest completion in 1839, with historical state boundaries. ... U.S. Highway 23 is a long north-south U.S. highway between Mackinaw City, Michigan and Jacksonville, Florida. ... United States Highway 33 is a north-south United States highway that runs northwest-southeast for 709 miles (1,141 km) from northern Indiana to Richmond, Virginia. ... Interstate 270 (abbreviated I-270) is the beltway loop freeway in the Columbus metropolitan area, commonly known locally as the outer belt. ... For the American political term, see Inside the Beltway and Beltway bandits. ... View westbound at High St. ... Ohio State Highway 315 is a controlled access freeway from Interstate 70 to Interstate 270 in Columbus, OH. It is a coninuation of Interstate 71. ...

The area has several airports, most notably Port Columbus International Airport on the east side of the city. Port Columbus provides service to a few foreign and dozens of domestic destinations, including all the major hubs. Port Columbus is itself a hub for discount carrier Skybus Airlines.