A committee is a type of small deliberative assembly that is usually intended to remain subordinate to another, larger deliberative assembly. Committees often serve several different functions: A deliberative assembly is an organization, comprised of members, that uses a parliamentary procedure for making decisions. ...

• Governance: in organizations considered too large for all the members to participate in decisions affecting the organization as a whole, a committee (such as a Board of Directors) is given the power to make decisions.

• Coordination: individuals from different parts of an organization (for example, all senior vice presidents) might meet regularly to discuss developments in their areas, review projects that cut across organizational boundaries, talk about future options, etc. Where there is a large committee, it's common to have smaller committees with more specialized functions - for example, Boards of Directors of large corporations typically have an (ongoing) audit committee, finance committee, compensation committee, etc. Large academic conferences are usually organized by a co-ordinating committee drawn from the relevant professional body.

• Research and recommendations: committees are often formed to do research and make recommendations on a potential or planned project or change. For example, an organization considering a major capital investment might create a committee of several people to review options and make recommendations to upper management or the Board of Directors. Such committees are typically dissolved after issuing recommendations (often in the form of a final report).

• Project management: while it is generally considered poor management to give operational responsibility to a committee to actually manage a project, this is not unknown. The problem is that no single person can be held accountable for poor performance of the committee, particularly if the chairperson of the committee is seen as a facilitator.

It is common for a chairperson to organize a committee meeting through an agenda, which is usually distributed in advance. The chairperson is responsible for running meetings: keeping the discussion on the appropriate subject, recognizing members (calling on them to speak) [often omitted in smaller committees], and calling for votes after a debate has taken place [formal voting is normally only done in committees involved in governance]. Governance committees often have formal processes (for example, they might follow Roberts Rules of Order); other types of committees typically operate informally, with the chairperson being responsible for deciding how formal the committee processes will be. Medicament assisted rehabilitation conference in Oslo An academic conference is a conference for researchers (not always academics) to present and discuss their work. ... A chairperson is the political correct term for the presiding officer of a meeting, organization, committee, or other deliberative body. ... A chairperson is the political correct term for the presiding officer of a meeting, organization, committee, or other deliberative body. ... An agenda is a list of meeting activities in the order in which they are to be taken up, beginning with the call to order and ending with adjournment. ...

Minutes, a record of the discussion and decisions of the meeting, are often taken by a person designated as the secretary of the committee; they may be legally obligatory (again, typically for governance committees). For committees that meet regularly, the minutes of the most recent meeting are often circulated to committee members before the next meeting. Bold text:This article is about the written record of a meeting. ... For other uses, see Secretary (disambiguation). ...

Committees may meet on a regular basis, often weekly or yearly, or meetings may be called irregularly as the need arises. During an emergency, a committee may meet more than once per day, or sit in permanent session, as, for example, ExComm (the President's Executive Committee) did during the Cuban Missile Crisis. For the video game based on the possible outcomes of this event, see Cuban Missile Crisis: The Aftermath. ...

A committee that is a subset of a larger committee is called a subcommittee. [Where the larger group has a name other than "committee" - for example, "Board" or "Commission", the smaller group(s) would be called committee(s), not subcommittee(s)] For organizations where the Board of Directors is large - say 20 people or more - it's common to have an Executive Committee, of Board members, which is authorized to make some decisions on behalf of the entire Board. Superset redirects here. ...

Committees, both permanent and ad hoc (unofficial), appear both in representative democracies and in non-democratic structures. They may bear titles such as Commission, Board, Council, Presidium, or Politburo. Unofficial committees often get unflattering labels such as junta, camarilla or cabal. An agency is a department of a local or national government responsible for the oversight and administration of a specific function, such as a customs agency or a space agency. ... Local governments are administrative offices that are smaller than a state or province. ... The Presidium or Praesidium (from Latin praesidium meaning protection or defense so plural presidia or praesidia) is the name for the executive committee of various legislative and organizational bodies. ... Politburo is short for Political Bureau. ... A camarilla is a group of courtiers or favorites which surround a king or ruler. ... A cabal is a number of persons united in some close design, usually to promote their private views and interests in a church, state, or other community by intrigue. ...

Committees are a necessary aspect of organizations of any significant size (say, more than 15 or 20 people). They keep the number of participants manageable; with larger groups, either many people do not get to speak (and feel left out), or discussions are quite lengthy (and many participants find them duplicative and often boring).

Committees are a way to formally draw together people of relevant expertise from different parts of an organization who otherwise would not have a good way to share information and coordinate actions. They may have the advantage of widening viewpoints and sharing out responsibilities.

Their disadvantages appear in the possibilities for procrastination, undesirable compromises in order to build consensus, and groupthink, where (valid) objections or disconfirming evidence is either not voiced or is ignored. Moreover, the need to schedule a meeting, get enough committee members together to have a quorum, and debate until a majority agrees on a course of action, can result in undesirable delays in taking action. (A common joke, in organizations, is that when someone doesn't want to make an unpopular decision, he/she creates a committee to study the question.) Look up Procrastination in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up Compromise in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Groupthink is a type of thought exhibited by group members who try to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critically testing, analyzing, and evaluating ideas. ... Meetings are sometimes held around conference tables. ... Look up quorum in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... A majority is a subset of a group that is more than half of the entire group. ...

Parliamentary committees

In the parliamentary procedure take part: Parliamentary procedure is the name given to the set of rules governing the decision-making process used by a deliberative assembly. ...

• Rules committee. The rules committee of the house assigns each bill to a policy committee.
• Policy committee. Appropriate committee to the subject matter.
• Fiscal committee, if the bill contains an appropriation or has financial implications for the state or federation.

The Committee on Rules, or (more commonly) Rules Committee, is a committee of the United States House of Representatives. ... House at Cúcuta, Colombia A house is a building typically lived in by one or more people. ... A bill is a proposed new law introduced within a legislature that has not been ratified, adopted, or received assent. ... Appropriation is the act of taking possession of or assigning purpose to properties or ideas and is important in many topics, including: Appropriation (sociology) in relation to the spread of knowledge Appropriation (art) Appropriation (visual art) [1] Appropriation (music) in reference to the re-use and proliferation of different types...

Famous committees

• Committee of Public Safety
• Central Committee (of a Communist party)
• House Un-American Activities Committee
• The Committee
• The Committee (Unsigned Law Enforcement Team)
• Epitropi Committee (Powered by EKOYEN)

The Committee of Public Safety (French: Comité de salut public), set up by the National Convention on April 6, 1793, formed the de facto executive government of France during the Reign of Terror (1793-4) of the French Revolution. ... Central Committee most commonly refers to the central executive unit of a communist party, whether ruling or non-ruling. ... This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ... HUAC hearings The House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC or HCUA,[1] 1938–1975) was an investigative committee of the United States House of Representatives. ...

See also

• Committee of the Whole
• List of Committees of the United Kingdom Parliament
• Quorum
• Standing Committees of the European Parliament
• United States Congressional committee