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Encyclopedia > Common Language Runtime

The Common Language Runtime (CLR) is the virtual machine component of Microsoft's .NET initiative. It is Microsoft's implementation of the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) standard, which defines an execution environment for program code. The CLR runs a form of bytecode called the Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL), Microsoft's implementation of the Common Intermediate Language. In general terms, a virtual machine in computer science is software that creates a virtualized environment between the computer platform and the end user in which the end user can operate software. ... Microsoft is one of few companies engaging itself in the console wars Where they are up against sony, nintendo, and of course sharps new console which may cause a threat. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Visual overview of the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) The Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) is an open specification developed by Microsoft that describes the executable code and runtime environment that form the core of the Microsoft . ... Bytecode is a binary representation of an executable program designed to be executed by a virtual machine rather than by dedicated hardware. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Common Intermediate Language. ... It has been suggested that Microsoft Intermediate Language be merged into this article or section. ...


Although some other implementations of the Common Language Infrastructure run on non-Windows operating systems, the CLR runs on Microsoft Windows operating systems. Visual overview of the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) The Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) is an open specification developed by Microsoft that describes the executable code and runtime environment that form the core of the Microsoft . ...


The virtual machine aspect of the CLR allows programmers to ignore many details of the specific CPU that will execute the program. The CLR also provides other important services, including the following:

  • Memory management
  • Thread management
  • Exception handling
  • Garbage collection
  • Security

Developers using the CLR write code in a high level language. Language compilers convert such code into MSIL (Microsoft Intermediate Language) code. The CLR then converts MSIL code into Operating System native code. JIT (Just In Time) is built into CLR. In computing, just-in-time compilation (JIT), also known as dynamic translation, is a technique for improving the performance of bytecode-compiled programming systems, by translating bytecode into native machine code at runtime. ...

 VBC ___________ VB.Net ------------->| | | MSIL Code |---------> CLR ----------->O/S Native Code C#.Net ------------->|___________| CSC 

See also

This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Visual overview of the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) The Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) is an open specification developed by Microsoft that describes the executable code and runtime environment that form the core of the Microsoft . ... It has been suggested that Microsoft Intermediate Language be merged into this article or section. ... Parrot is a register-based virtual machine being developed using the C programming language and intended to run dynamic languages efficiently. ... A Java Virtual Machine (JVM), originally developed by Sun Microsystems, is a virtual machine that executes Java bytecode. ... DotGNU Portable . ... Metadata is data about data. ... In computer science, run time (with a space, though often its spelled without one) describes the operation of a computer program, the duration of its execution, from beginning to termination (compare compile time). ... The Common Type System (CTS) is used by every language built on the . ... In general terms, a virtual machine in computer science is software that creates a virtualized environment between the computer platform and the end user in which the end user can operate software. ... C++/CLI (Common Language Infrastructure) is the newer language specification due to supersede Managed Extensions for C++. Completely reviewed to simplify the older Managed C++ syntax, it provides much more clarity over code readability than Managed C++. C++/CLI is standardized by ECMA. It is currently only available on Visual...

References

  • Overview (Microsoft MSDN)

External links

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.NET Framework (Microsoft)
Architecture: Common Language Infrastructure | .NET assembly | .NET metadata | Base Class Library
Common Language Infrastructure: Common Language Runtime | Common Type System | Common Intermediate Language | Virtual Execution System
Microsoft .NET Languages: C# | Visual Basic .NET | C++/CLI (Managed C++) | J# | JScript .NET | Windows PowerShell | IronPython | F#
Windows Foundations (as of .NET 3.0): Presentation | Communication | Workflow | CardSpace
Related: Windows Forms | ASP.NET | ADO.NET | .NET Remoting | XAML
Alternative Implementations: .NET Compact Framework | .NET Micro Framework | Shared Source CLI | Portable.NET (as part of DotGNU) | Mono
Comparison: C# vs. Java | C# vs. VB .NET


 

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