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Encyclopedia > Common chemicals
Chemistry Portal
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Transwiki:Common chemicals

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Table of Common Chemical Ingredients and Where to Find Them

Chemical Name Chemical Formula Common Name Where to Buy Specific Brand or Product
Acetic Acid
CH3COOH + H2O 5% Solution: White Vinegar Grocery Store Any brand of white vinegar
Notes: Do not consume
Ammonium Hydroxide
NH4OH + H2O 10% Solution: Household Ammonia
27% Solution: Strong Ammonia		 Grocery Store (for Household Ammonia)
Drug Store (for Strong Ammonia)		 None
Notes: Combine Household Ammonia and Strong Ammonia with Water.
Boric Acid
H3BO3 Boric Acid Drug Store None
Notes:
Calcium Carbonate
CaCO3 Chunks: Marble, Limestone
Powder: Precipitated Chalk		 Builder's Supplies (for Chunk)
Drug Store (for Powder)		 None
Notes:
Calcium Chloride
CaCl2 "Laundry Aid" or "Laundry Salt"
Road Salt		 Grocery Store
Hardware Store		 None
Notes: Many chemicals are used to melt snow. Make certain that if you purchase Road Salt it is pure Calcium Chloride.
Calcium Hydroxide
Ca(OH)2 Slaked lime, Garden lime Hardware Store None
Notes:
Calcium Oxide
CaO Quicklime Builder's Supplies None
Notes:
Calcium sulfate
(CaSO4) * H20
CaSO4 * 2H2O		 Plaster of Paris or
Gypsum		 Hardware Store None
Notes:
Caustic Soda
NaOH or KOH Detergent Grocery Store
Pool Cleaning Supplies		 None
Notes: Caustic Soda is not a mixture. Make certain what you are using is 94-99% pure. Caustic Soda is a central to the manufacture of soap. Be extremely careful when mixing with acids.
Glucose
C6H12O6 + H2O Corn Syrup Grocery Store None
Notes: For use in most formulas, the corn syrup should be dilluted with water, but the solution varies.
Hydrochloric acid
HCl + H20 25% Solution: Muriatic Acid Hardware Store None
Notes:
Magnesium sulfate
MgSO4 *7H2O Epsom Salt Drug Store None
Notes:
Manganese dioxide
MnO2 Pyrolusite Hardware Stores None
Notes: Pyrolusite can be extracted from certain types of batteries, called dry cells, but its use is becoming rare.
Naphthalene
C10H8 Moth balls Hardware Store None
Notes:
Potassium Nitrate
KNO3 Saltpeter Hardware Store, Garden Center, Grocery Store None
Notes: Potassium nitrate is used as stump remover, fertilizer, and meat preservative.
Sodium Bicarbonate
NaHCO3 Baking Soda Grocery Store Arm & Hammer
Notes: Be careful to use only single action baking soda when sodium bicarbonate is required. Baking soda is pure sodium bicarbonate, but baking powder has other ingredients, such as potassium tartrate and sodium monophosphate. Double Action Baking Powder contains single action baking powder, a 'high temperature acid' which is a gas formed at room temperature when moistened, and corn starch, which is added as a drying agent to prevent accidental activation.
Sodium Chloride
NaCl Salt, Table Salt Grocery Store None
Notes:
Sodium Hydroxide
NaOH Caustic Soda, Lye Grocery Store Drano, crystalline granular drain cleaner
Notes: Keep out of eyes, can cause blindness.
Sodium potassium tartrate
NaKC4H4O6 * 4H2O Rochelle Salt Drug Store None
Notes:
Sodium Tetraborate
Na2B4O7 * 10H2O Borax Drug Stores, Laundry Aisle None
Notes:
Sucrose
C12H22O11 Cane Sugar Grocery Store None
Notes:
Zinc Chloride
ZnCl2 + H2O Tinner's Fluid Hardware Store None
Notes: Also called "Killed acid," Zinc Chloride can be created by dissolving a small amount of zinc in Hydrochloric acid. Used for cleaning copper.

Bold text'Italic text== References == The Golden Book of Chemistry Experiments R-phrases , S-phrases , , , Flash point 43 °C Related Compounds Related carboxylic; acids Formic acid; Propionic acid; Butyric acid Related compounds acetamide; ethyl acetate; acetyl chloride; acetic anhydride; acetonitrile; acetaldehyde; ethanol; thioacetic acid; acetylcholine; acetylcholinesterase Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, εr, etc. ... Main article: ammonia Ammonium hydroxide, although it doesnt exist as an isolatable chemical compound, is a name sometimes given to an aqueous solution of ammonia. ... Flash point Non-flammable. ... Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound, with the chemical formula CaCO3. ... R-phrases S-phrases , , Related Compounds Other anions calcium fluoride calcium bromide calcium iodide Other cations magnesium chloride strontium chloride Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, εr, etc. ... It has been suggested that Portlandite be merged into this article or section. ... Calcium oxide (CaO), commonly known as lime, quicklime or burnt lime, is a widely used chemical compound. ... Calcium sulphate is a common laboratory and industrial chemical. ... Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), also known as caustic soda or lye in North America, is a caustic metallic base used in industry (mostly as a strong chemical base) in the manufacture of paper, textiles, and detergents. ... Uses of KOH can include: KOH is the chemical symbol for Potassium hydroxide A KOH test is a procedure in which KOH is used to dissolve skin and reveal fungal cells under the microscope KOH is used as an anisotropic etchant for silicon in MEMS fabrication. ... Glucose (Glc), a monosaccharide (or simple sugar), is an important carbohydrate in biology. ... R-phrases , S-phrases , , Flash point Non-flammable. ... Magnesium sulfate (or sulphate) is a chemical compound containing magnesium and sulfate, with the formula MgSO4. ... Manganese(IV) oxide (MnO2) is a chemical compound also known as manganese dioxide or manganese oxide. ... R-phrases , , S-phrases , , , , Flash point 79 - 87 °C Autoignition temperature 525 °C Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 Â°C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references Naphthalene (not to be confused with naphtha) (also known as naphthalin, naphthaline, moth ball, tar... R-phrases   S-phrases   Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, εr, etc. ... Flash point Non-flammable. ... R-phrases 36 S-phrases none Flash point Non-flammable Related Compounds Other anions NaF, NaBr, NaI Other cations LiCl, KCl, RbCl, CsCl, MgCl2, CaCl2 Related salts Sodium acetate Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, εr, etc. ... Flash point Non-flammable. ... Potassium sodium tartrate is a double salt first prepared (in about 1675) by an apothecary, Pierre Seignette, of La Rochelle, France. ... Borax, (Na2B4O7·10H2O, sodium borate or sodium tetraborate) is an important boron compound. ... Flash point N/A Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 Â°C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references Sucrose (common name: table sugar, also called saccharose) is a disaccharide (glucose + fructose) with the molecular formula C12H22O11. ... Zinc chloride (ZnCl2) is a colorless or white compound of zinc and chlorine that is extremely hygroscopic. ... The Golden Book of Chemistry Experiments was a childrens chemistry book written in the 1960s. ...



 
 

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