Though each Final Fantasy story is independent, many themes and elements of gameplay recur throughout the series. Some spin-off titles have cameo appearances of characters from preceding stories, but in most cases, merely the names are reused, so that each game has its own unique collection of characters in totally unrelated worlds.

Gameplay elements

Battle systems and Limit Breaks

Vaan performs a Quickening in Final Fantasy XII

Main article: Final Fantasy battle systems

The Final Fantasy series has used four major battle systems: traditional turn-based fighting seen in most early RPGs; Active Time Battle (ATB), which uses gauges to determine when actions take place; Conditional Turn-Based (CTB), a modified version of traditional turn-based; and Real Time Battle (RTB) or Active Dimension Battle (ADB), which incorporates more action and real-time elements into the traditional RPG format. Image File history File links Vlcsnap-597738. ... Image File history File links Vlcsnap-597738. ... Final Fantasy XII ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square Enix for the Sony PlayStation 2 video game console, and the twelfth installment in the Final Fantasy video game series. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

Limit Break is a term commonly used to refer to powerful combat moves featured in various games of the Final Fantasy series. Limit Breaks generally occur when a character has taken a large amount of damage in combat, and offers the possibility of dealing large amounts of damage in return. The mechanic has appeared in various forms in Final Fantasy VI through Final Fantasy XII, although Final Fantasy VII and Final Fantasy VIII are the only games to refer to the mechanic as "Limit Break." The names given to the mechanic in other games include "Deathblow," "Special Arts," "Overdrive," "Weapon Skills," "Desperation Attacks," and "Quickenings." In Final Fantasy IX, the Limit Break mechanic, referred to as "Trance" in that game, played an important role in a number of plot points. This article is about the Final Fantasy franchise. ... Final Fantasy VI ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) in 1994 as a part of the Final Fantasy series. ... Final Fantasy XII ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square Enix for the Sony PlayStation 2 video game console, and the twelfth installment in the Final Fantasy video game series. ... Final Fantasy VII ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix), and the seventh installment in the Final Fantasy video game series. ... Final Fantasy VIII ) is a console and computer role-playing game developed and published by Square Co. ... Final Fantasy IX ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix), and the ninth installment in the Final Fantasy video game series. ...

Character classes and the job system

The job system in Final Fantasy V

Main article: Final Fantasy character classes

The most common playable character classes have been the Fighter or Warrior; White and Black Mages; Monk; and Thief. Less common are the Red and Blue Mages. In some titles, the player can choose what job class each character can assume, but even in games where the player is not given a choice, these classes often play an important background role in the story. Image File history File links Final_Fantasy_V_-_Job_System. ... Image File history File links Final_Fantasy_V_-_Job_System. ... “FF5” redirects here. ... In several installments of the Final Fantasy series of role-playing games by Square Enix, classes (jobs) are roles assigned to playable characters that determine the characters proficiencies. ... In several installments of the Final Fantasy series of role-playing games by Square Enix, classes (jobs) are roles assigned to playable characters that determine the characters proficiencies. ... The White Mage , or しろまどうし in earlier games without kanji support) is a character class (or job) in Square Enixs Final Fantasy series of computer role playing games. ... The Black Mage (黒魔道士; kuromadōshi, or くろまどうし in earlier games without kanji support) is a character class (or job) in Square Enixs Final Fantasy series of computer role-playing games. ... In several installments of the Final Fantasy series of role-playing games by Square Enix, classes (jobs) are roles assigned to playable characters that determine the characters proficiencies. ... In several installments of the Final Fantasy series of role-playing games by Square Enix, classes (jobs) are roles assigned to playable characters that determine the characters proficiencies. ... This article is about the character class. ... The Blue Mage is a character class (or job) featured in Square Enixs Final Fantasy series of computer role-playing games, in which the character utilises blue magic, a specialized school of magic which replicates the special attacks of various monsters through observation, or, in the majority of cases...

Magic

Main article: Final Fantasy magic

Magic in the Final Fantasy series is generally divided into classes, which are usually organized by color. The actual magic classes vary from game to game, but all games include White magic, which includes healing and support spells, and Black magic, which includes offensive spells. One who is proficient in White or Black magic is often known as a White Mage or Black Mage. Additional classes and mages appear throughout the series, such as a Red Mage, who can cast both white and black magic, or Green Magic, which can inflict positive or negative statuses on both foe and friend. There is also a Blue Mage class. Blue Mages can cast Blue Magic which consists of special abilities learned from enemy creatures. Edea using an Ice-based limit break, Ice Strike in Final Fantasy VIII Magic is one of the two principal forms of attack in Square Enixs (formerly Square Co. ...

Also common in many Final Fantasy games is how stronger versions of certain spells are named. This is mostly done with Black and White magic. Often, a spell's basic version is its normal title, such as the Black magic spell "Fire." The stronger versions of the spell add a suffix to denote its rank, usually first "-ara", then "-aga"; "Fire" becomes "Fira," which becomes "Firaga." The suffix "-aja" is sometimes used in Final Fantasy X and Final Fantasy XII, as well. In X the "-aja" appeared as Thundaja alone used by the optional boss Dark Ixion exclusively, and in XII as the most powerful spells used by the Espers when fighting them. However, early in the series, the strength of the spell was determined by a number, such as Fire 2 and Fire 3, with Fire 1 simply named "Fire". In Final Fantasy Tactics, level 4 spells also appeared, an equivalent to the -aja spells, i.e. Fire 4 = Firaja. In Final Fantasy XI spells tiers begin with the name (e.g. Fire) and higher tiers of the same spell are denoted with Roman numerals, such as Fire III or Cure V. Final Fantasy X ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix), and the tenth installment in the Final Fantasy video game series; it was released in 2001, and is the first numbered Final Fantasy game for the Sony PlayStation 2 video game console. ... Final Fantasy XII ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square Enix for the Sony PlayStation 2 video game console, and the twelfth installment in the Final Fantasy video game series. ... Final Fantasy Tactics ) is a tactical role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) for the Sony PlayStation video game console. ... Final Fantasy XI ), also known as Final Fantasy XI: Online, is a massively multiplayer online role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) as a part of the Final Fantasy video game series. ...

Status effects

Characters in Final Fantasy games are usually subject to a number of standard "status ailments" which cause often deleterious (but sometimes favorable) effects, including silence, stop, berserk, poison, petrification and confusion. While these are present in many console RPGs, Final Fantasy has a standard list of items which may be used to cure specific ailments, as well as magical spells. Some of the most common beneficial status effects are protect (defense increase), shell (magic defense increase), and haste (attack speed increase). In most cases, a status ailment can be cured by either an item or a spell. Status Effects are modifications to a characters condition that appear in numerous video games. ...

Currency

Gil (Japanese ギル giru) is the name of the fictional currency used in every game in the Final Fantasy series, although English translations have occasionally replaced it with "GP" (short for "gold piece(s)") or simply "G". "Gil" is both the singular and plural term for the currency. Final Fantasy IV is the only game to explain the origin of the word; in that game, the word Gil is named after Gilbert, a common name for members of the royal family of Damcyan, and was originally used as the currency of Damcyan.^[1] For other uses, see Fiction (disambiguation). ... This article is about the Final Fantasy franchise. ... Final Fantasy IV ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) in 1991 as a part of the Final Fantasy video game series. ... An editor has expressed a concern that the subject of the article does not satisfy the notability guideline for Fiction. ...

Gil can be used to buy weapons, armor, items, and accessories at the many stores and vendors throughout the worlds of the Final Fantasy games. Gil is earned primarily (sometimes exclusively) through fighting and winning battles or the sale of unwanted items, but many games provide other ways of earning the currency; in Final Fantasy VIII, for example, the player receives periodic wages according to his or her rank in the "SeeD" organization; in Final Fantasy XI only a few monsters drop gil and only in very small amounts, so most gil comes from the selling of items that are dropped from monsters or crafted to NPCs or (more commonly) other players; and in Final Fantasy XII, most enemies do not drop gil (though a few humanoid enemies do) but rather often drop loot, a type of item used almost exclusively for selling in shops to gain gil. Sometimes, the player can earn gil through minigames (such as those found in Final Fantasy VII's casinos), or through completing various tasks or missions, or as treasure found in dungeons. Still other means of earning gil exist, but the majority of these methods usually yield negligible amounts. Some games in the series, starting with Final Fantasy V, have characters or abilities that lets the player toss gil at an enemy in order to inflict damage; this ability is known as "Coin Toss", "Gil Toss" or "Zeninage". Image File history File links Gil_FF6. ... Final Fantasy VIII ) is a console and computer role-playing game developed and published by Square Co. ... Final Fantasy XI ), also known as Final Fantasy XI: Online, is a massively multiplayer online role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) as a part of the Final Fantasy video game series. ... Final Fantasy XII ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square Enix for the Sony PlayStation 2 video game console, and the twelfth installment in the Final Fantasy video game series. ... In Fantastic Dizzy, the player has to complete a sliding puzzle to get an extra life. ... Final Fantasy VII ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix), and the seventh installment in the Final Fantasy video game series. ... “FF5” redirects here. ...

Items

The Final Fantasy XII "Potion" drink.

"Items" are collected objects that may affect the status or health of a character or enemy. Many objects are one-use and include a limit to how many are stocked in the party's inventory. In every installment, the basic HP-recovering item is some form of potion. The items' names varied in earlier games, such as being called "Heal Potions" in the first game, "Cure Potions" in the English translation of Final Fantasy IV (called Final Fantasy II), and "Tonics" in the English translation of Final Fantasy VI (called Final Fantasy III). Other variants, which heal more HP, include the mid-level "Hi-Potion", the high-level "X-Potion", and the multi-target "Mega Potion". Since Final Fantasy IV, the lead MP-recovering item has been the "Ether". The name is derived from Aether, a classical term used in medieval times to describe a possible substance between air, earth, fire, and water. The English language localization of Final Fantasy VI renamed the Ether to "Tincture," and also featured a second-level MP-restoration item, "Hi-Ether", which was renamed simply "Ether" in the English localization. The Turbo Ether (also known as "Dry Ether") has appeared in recent games and restores either a significant or complete portion of a character's MP. Image File history File links FFXIIPotionPremium. ... Image File history File links FFXIIPotionPremium. ... Final Fantasy IV ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) in 1991 as a part of the Final Fantasy video game series. ... Hinduism (Tattva) and Buddhism (Mahābhūta) Vayu / Pavan — Air / Wind Agni/Tejas — Fire Akasha — Aether Prithvi / Bhumi — Earth Ap / Jala — Water Chinese (Wu Xing) Japanese (Godai) Earth (地) | Water (水) | Fire (火) | Air / Wind (風) | Void / Sky / Heaven (空) Bön Māori According to ancient and medieval science, Aether (Greek αἰθήρ, aithēr[1... Final Fantasy VI ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) in 1994 as a part of the Final Fantasy series. ...

The "Elixir", which appears in most Final Fantasy games, is an HP and MP recovery item. Some games include the Megalixir (or Mega Elixir), which fully restores the party's HP and MP. Other items recover both HP and MP at specific locations. "Tents" are often used on field maps or at Save Points as replacements for an Inn as they restore some of the party's HP and MP. Variants such as Cabin, Cottage, and Sleeping Bag restore more or less HP and MP; sometimes to only one character. In Final Fantasy IX, Tents can be used during battle, although there is chance of being inflicted with abnormal status effects when used. Look up elixir in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Status effect-curing items are also recurring. For example, "antidote" heals poison and venom, "echo screen"/"echo herbs"/"echo drops" removes silence, and "eye drops" cure blindness. The "Phoenix Down" (also translated as "Phoenix Tail") is used in most Final Fantasy games to revive an unconscious party member with a small portion of their HP. In some of the earlier games, the word was translated as "FenixDown" because of size issues with fitting English letters in the space previously occupied by Japanese characters. A Phoenix Down often instantly kills or inflicts maximum damage on undead and other creatures harmed by curative spells. The item is supposed to be the feather of a Phoenix, a common symbol of life and rebirth; "down" refers to the down feathers of a bird, the undercoat of feathers beneath the visible layer on top. Other representations of the Phoenix Down include the bottled tears of a Phoenix, bolted quivers and bead necklaces. Variants of this item include the Phoenix Pinion and Mega Phoenix, which revive all party members. Undead is a collective name for mythological beings that are deceased yet behave as if alive. ... For other mythic firebirds, see Fire bird (mythology). ... The down of birds is a layer of fine feathers found under the tougher exterior feathers. ... Illustration of a Gear train with a pinion shown. ...

There are other basic items seen throughout the Final Fantasy series, including "Gyshal Greens", which can be used to summon Fat Chocobo, an item storage service, at specific locations in Final Fantasy IV, catch and feed chocobos in Final Fantasy VII, summon a pet chocobo in Final Fantasy VIII, or ride a chocobo in Final Fantasy IX and Final Fantasy XII. The "Rename Card" renames characters that have already been named. This first appeared in Final Fantasy VI, though the character Namingway had a similar function in Final Fantasy IV. In Final Fantasy VIII, a Rename Card renames Guardian Forces, and Pet's Nametag renames Rinoa's pet dog name. In Final Fantasy IX, the Namingway Card had the same effect, and in Final Fantasy X, it was used to rename Aeons. All Final Fantasy games also have "key items", which must be acquired to further the game's story or complete a sidequest. Examples of key items include the "Nitro" from the original Final Fantasy, the "Huge Materia" from Final Fantasy VII, and the "Supersoft" from Final Fantasy IX. Final Fantasy VI ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) in 1994 as a part of the Final Fantasy series. ... Final Fantasy IV ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) in 1991 as a part of the Final Fantasy video game series. ... Final Fantasy VIII ) is a console and computer role-playing game developed and published by Square Co. ... Final Fantasy IX ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix), and the ninth installment in the Final Fantasy video game series. ... Final Fantasy X ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix), and the tenth installment in the Final Fantasy video game series; it was released in 2001, and is the first numbered Final Fantasy game for the Sony PlayStation 2 video game console. ...

Weapons

Numerous weapons have seen recurring use throughout the series; others have been influenced by a variety of mythological and fantasy concepts. Interspersed between unique weapons are a graded scale of other, more common weapons, usually sold in shops. They are typically labeled according to the following progression, from weakest to strongest: Bronze, Iron, Steel, Mythril/Silver, Gold, Platinum, Diamond, Crystal, Adamantite (found in Final Fantasy I)/Adamantine. Armor typically follows the same alloy progression. Moreover, armors of "Genji" series are seen in Final Fantasy II, Final Fantasy IV, Final Fantasy V, Final Fantasy VI, Final Fantasy VII, Final Fantasy IX, Final Fantasy X, Final Fantasy Tactics, and most recently in Final Fantasy XII. "Wooden" weapons and "Leather" armor are also often seen throughout the series. Final Fantasy II on the SNES, see Final Fantasy IV Foundation for a Free Information Infrastructure Final Fantasy II ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) in 1988 for the Nintendo Family Computer (Famicom, known internationally as the Nintendo Entertainment System) as a... Final Fantasy IV ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) in 1991 as a part of the Final Fantasy video game series. ... “FF5” redirects here. ... Final Fantasy VI ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) in 1994 as a part of the Final Fantasy series. ... Final Fantasy VII ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix), and the seventh installment in the Final Fantasy video game series. ... Final Fantasy IX ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix), and the ninth installment in the Final Fantasy video game series. ... Final Fantasy X ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix), and the tenth installment in the Final Fantasy video game series; it was released in 2001, and is the first numbered Final Fantasy game for the Sony PlayStation 2 video game console. ... Final Fantasy Tactics ) is a tactical role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) for the Sony PlayStation video game console. ... Final Fantasy XII ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square Enix for the Sony PlayStation 2 video game console, and the twelfth installment in the Final Fantasy video game series. ...

The Final Fantasy installments feature several types of projectile weapons, including bows, balls, guns, boomerangs, and launchers. Gunblades have a gun-like handle which contains a firing mechanism but are not considered projectile as the firing mechanism only makes the blade vibrate causing extra damage, and does not fire any actual shells. In some installments, such as Final Fantasy IV, ammunition (bullets and arrows) is limited; others, like Final Fantasy XII, have unlimited ammunition, only requiring the player to actually have it. Other installments, like Final Fantasy VII, omit ammunition completely. Some of the common recurring projectile weapons include Yoichi's Bow,^[2] the Full Moon boomerang,^[3] various shuriken, and projectile launchers with names similar to boomerangs, like the Rising Sun in Final Fantasy VIII. A Pistol Sword is a sword with a pistol or revolver attached, usually alongside the blade. ... Shuriken (手裏剣; lit: hand hidden blade) is a traditional Japanese concealed weapon that was generally used for throwing, and sometimes stabbing or slashing an opponents arteries. ...

Swords are commonly seen throughout the series, and come in various forms. Elemental swords, which include a certain element, such as fire or wind, during the attack, are seen almost every installment in the series. Some elemental swords launch an additional magical attack during battle, such as the Lightbringer in Final Fantasy VI. Elemental swords have had many names, fire-elemental swords usually named 'Flame Saber' or 'Flametongue', ice-elemental swords named 'Blizzard' or 'Ice Brand', thunder-elemental swords are 'Thunderblade' or 'Coral Sword' and on one occasion in Final Fantasy I, a 'Vorpal Sword'. A water-elemental sword hasn't been used often, but in Final Fantasy X-2, Paine uses a water-elemental sword attack named 'Liquid Steel'. 'Ancient Sword' and 'Excalibur'(Holy-elemental) are also recurring swords in the series. A fake version of the powerful Excalibur sword, called Excalipur or Excalipoor, appeared in Final Fantasy V, Final Fantasy VI (Game Boy Advance version), Final Fantasy VIII, and Final Fantasy Tactics and deals very low damage during battle. The Masamune also appears as a sword in several games, and is one of the most powerful weapons in the early installments. Another sword is the Ragnarok, which shares a name with the Norse word, Ragnarök, meaning "End of the Gods".^[4] The Blood Sword is common throughout the series, with a frequent trait of the weapon being its ability to drain HP from enemy targets. For other uses, see Excalibur (disambiguation). ... Final Fantasy Tactics ) is a tactical role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) for the Sony PlayStation video game console. ... Masamune Portrait This article is about the swordsmith. ... For other uses, see Ragnarök (disambiguation). ...

The most powerful weapon used by the main character is often known as The Ultima Weapon. (Note: In Final Fantasy VI, it was translated as "Atma Weapon," though this was corrected in the revised translation in Final Fantasy VI Advance.) It appears in the Final Fantasy I portion of Final Fantasy I & II: Dawn of Souls as a weapon that causes damage depending on how much HP the user has. In Final Fantasy VI, the title of "Ultima (also known as Atma) Weapon" is given to an optional boss and a sword, the power of the sword is based on the hit points (HP) of the wielder; the more HP the character has, the stronger the power of the weapon. The weapon's size changes according to the amount of HP the wielder has {both minimum and maximum}. The Ultima Weapon sword also appeared in Final Fantasy VII as Cloud Strife's ultimate weapon. In addition to the types of weapons above, Final Fantasy includes whips, dice, staffs/rods, lances, axes, knives, daggers and other common weapons. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Cloud Strife ) is the protagonist of Squares (now known as Square Enix) role-playing game Final Fantasy VII and several of its sequels and spin-offs. ...

Armor and accessories

Many pieces of armor and accessories from the series appear in multiple titles. One of the most common sets of equipment is Genji, which consists of a shield, helmet, body armor, and sometimes gloves. Some armor featured in the series is named after metals or stones, such as bronze, iron, silver, mythril, gold, emerald, diamond, and crystal; others are based on colors or spells. Armor and accessories used in the series consist of bracers, shields, rings, bangles, shoes, helmets, body armor, robes, and dresses. However, not all games in the series have an armor system; for example, Final Fantasy X-2 uses the equipping of dress spheres instead of armor. Final Fantasy VIII uses stats increases from equipping Guardian Forces, a form of summoning in the game, than the use of armor. This article is about the metal alloy. ... For other uses, see Iron (disambiguation). ... This article is about the chemical element. ... Mithril is a fictional material from J. R. R. Tolkiens universe, Middle-earth. ... GOLD refers to one of the following: GOLD (IEEE) is an IEEE program designed to garner more student members at the university level (Graduates of the Last Decade). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... This article is about the mineral. ... For other uses, see Crystal (disambiguation). ... It has been suggested that Characters of Final Fantasy X-2 be merged into this article or section. ... Final Fantasy VIII ) is a console and computer role-playing game developed and published by Square Co. ... In the Square Enixs (formerly Square Co. ...

Several individual pieces of armor and accessories recur throughout the series. Two of the most common are the Aegis shield and the Protect Ring, which provide various effects for the character, depending on the game. The Golden Hairpin almost always benefits the spellcasters in the party. For example, in Final Fantasy VI and Final Fantasy V, they were accessories that reduced spell costs by half; in Final Fantasy Tactics, they were head armor that gave a significant boost to the maximum MP value and nullified the silence status effect. The Ribbon is an item in most Final Fantasy games that allows the equipped user to become immune to all status ailments. Most times, it appears as a helmet; in some games, such as Final Fantasy VI, it is an accessory or a special item. Final Fantasy VI ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) in 1994 as a part of the Final Fantasy series. ... “FF5” redirects here. ... Final Fantasy Tactics ) is a tactical role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) for the Sony PlayStation video game console. ...

Design elements

Character design

Further information: Recurring character names of Final Fantasy

A character named "Cid" has been present in every Final Fantasy game since Final Fantasy II.^[5] While he was not mentioned in the original Final Fantasy game, he is mentioned in the remake of that game. Although he is rarely the same individual, he is usually presented as an owner, creator, and/or pilot of airships and sometimes plays a political role in the story. In a similar vein, characters named Biggs and Wedge (homages to the Star Wars characters Biggs Darklighter and Wedge Antilles) have appeared in most games since Final Fantasy VI. In Final Fantasy XII, they appear as Gibbs and Deweg (anagrams of Biggs and Wedge) during a sidequest. Other names appear in several games. The protagonists of the Nomura-designed Final Fantasy games usually have a name alluding to or directly related to meteorological phenomena or celestial bodies - in basic terms, names linked to the sky and weather. Examples include Cloud Strife, Aeris/Aerith (from a Japanese transliteration of "Earth"), Squall Leonhart (meaning a sudden, sharp increase in wind), Tidus (meaning "Sun"), Yuna (meaning "Moon"), and Lightning. The following are character names in the Final Fantasy series of computer role-playing games that have appeared in more than two titles. ... Cid ) is a character who appears in all Final Fantasy series of computer and video games. ... Biggs and Wedge are characters in a running joke in various Square Enix (originally Square Co. ... This article is about the series. ... This is a list of minor characters in the fictional Star Wars universe who are part of the Rebel Alliance. ... Wedge Antilles, played by Denis Lawson, is a fictional character in the original Star Wars trilogy and in the Star Wars Expanded Universe. ... Final Fantasy VI ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) in 1994 as a part of the Final Fantasy series. ... The following are character names in the Final Fantasy series of computer role-playing games that have appeared in more than two titles. ... Cloud Strife ) is the protagonist of Squares (now known as Square Enix) role-playing game Final Fantasy VII and several of its sequels and spin-offs. ... Aeris Gainsborough (originally Aerith Gainsbourg in Tetsuya Nomuras art), is a major character from the video game Final Fantasy VII, and one of the main playable characters. ... Squall Leonhart ) is the main protagonist of Squaresofts (now Square Enix) role-playing game Final Fantasy VIII. He was designed by Tetsuya Nomura with heavy influences coming from game director Yoshinori Kitase. ... Tidus ) is the protagonist in the Square-Enix role-playing video game Final Fantasy X. As the leading character, the player controls Tidus through the world based in the game, manipulating his actions through the unfolding storyline in traditional Final Fantasy style. ... Yuna ) is a playable main character in both Final Fantasy X and Final Fantasy X-2 of the Final Fantasy role-playing video game series from Square Enix. ... Final Fantasy XIII ) is an upcoming console role-playing game developed and published by Square Enix exclusively for the Sony PlayStation 3 as a part of the Final Fantasy video game series. ...

Rinoa's limit, Angel Wing.

In some Final Fantasy titles, some characters appear with real or symbolic wings. Kefka from Final Fantasy VI gained real wings after he ascended to Godhood in the form of Kefka Palazzo. Final Fantasy VII's villain Sephiroth ascended to the form of Safer Sephiroth, in which he had one wing on his right shoulder, as well as 3 pairs of wings where his abdomen should be. The one-sided wing is the source of his nickname as the "One Winged Angel". Sephiroth has appeared in Final Fantasy VII Advent Children and Kingdom Hearts with one wing on his right side. Cloud Strife, his antithesis, also appears in Kingdom Hearts with one wing, although it is non-feathered and comes from his left side. Final Fantasy VIII used the depiction of two white wings on the back of Rinoa Heartilly's vest. Rinoa also grows literal wings temporarily during her "Angel Wing" limit break during battle. She also transforms a petal that she catches in the wind into a single white feather in the opening sequence of the game. In contrast, the game's antagonist, Ultimecia, sports a pair of feathered black wings, and Seifer Almasy, her "knight," is shown blasting into black feathers at the stroke of Squall Leonhart's final gunblade strike in the opening FMV. Final Fantasy IX brought back physical wings in the form of ornaments that Eiko Carol wears on her back. Her wings were a gift, and they enlarge in her trance form. Yuna from Final Fantasy X wears a wedding dress that has white wings incorporated into its design. In Final Fantasy XI, Selh'Teus gains multicolored wings during the battle with Promathia at the conclusion of the Chains of Promathia storyline. In Final Fantasy XII, Penelo has leather wing-like projections incorporated into her armor. Image File history File links Rinoas limit break Angel Wing Final Fantasy VIII, Rinoa Heartilly, Limit Break File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Rinoas limit break Angel Wing Final Fantasy VIII, Rinoa Heartilly, Limit Break File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Rinoa Heartilly is the main female character in Final Fantasy VIII. Rinoa is the seventeen year old daughter of General Caraway, a high-ranking officer in the Galbadian army, and Julia Heartilly, a famous singer and former love interest of Laguna Loire. ... Artwork by Yoshitaka Amano Kefka Palazzo is a fictional character of the Square Co. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Final Fantasy VII Advent Children[1] ) is a 2005 computer-animated film directed by Tetsuya Nomura, co-directed by Takeshi Nozue, written by Kazushige Nojima and based on the highly successful 1997 console role-playing game Final Fantasy VII. The film is set two years after Final Fantasy VII and... This article contains information on the first Kingdom Hearts video game. ... An editor has expressed a concern that the subject of the article does not satisfy the notability guideline for Fiction. ... Final Fantasy X ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix), and the tenth installment in the Final Fantasy video game series; it was released in 2001, and is the first numbered Final Fantasy game for the Sony PlayStation 2 video game console. ...

Music

Main article: Final Fantasy music

Several musical tracks have been in just about every Final Fantasy game to date. In most games in the series, the same simple melody is used at the opening screen, and a very noticeable musical cue is the victory music which is played after the player wins a battle. This cue is so well known it has become a ring-tone for cellular phones; in fact it makes a 'cameo' of sorts in the full-length movie Final Fantasy VII Advent Children as Loz's ring-tone. These songs were written in majority by composer Nobuo Uematsu. Final Fantasy music refers to the soundtrack of the Final Fantasy series of console-based, usually plot-intensive Japanese role-playing games. ...

Plot elements

Many entries in the Final Fantasy series involve broadly similar plot points, such as rebellion against a major economic, political, or religious power; a struggle against an evil which threatens to overtake or destroy the world; and nature versus technology. Many of the main protagonists in the series have as such found themselves thrust unwillingly to the forefront of wide-reaching global affairs which they believed previously did not concern them. The protagonist is the central figure of a story, and is often referred to as a storys main character. ...

The love between major characters,^[6] and in some cases rivalry between characters, as well as the desertion or death of major (and sometimes playable) characters, often drives the plot as well. Other recurring situations that drive the plot include amnesia (Desch in Final Fantasy III, Galuf in Final Fantasy V, or Terra in Final Fantasy VI), mind control (Kain in Final Fantasy IV, or Queen Karnak in Final Fantasy V), and altruistic suicide (Cid in Final Fantasy IV, King Zeza in Final Fantasy V). For other uses, see Love (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Death (disambiguation), Dead (disambiguation), or Death (band). ... For other uses, see Amnesia (disambiguation). ... Marcus Aurelius and members of the Imperial family offer sacrifice in gratitude for success against Germanic tribes: contemporary bas-relief, Capitoline Museum, Rome For other uses, see Sacrifice (disambiguation). ...

The Gaia hypothesis permeates several titles of the Final Fantasy series: Final Fantasy VII, Final Fantasy X and Final Fantasy X-2, Final Fantasy Adventure, and both of the animated movies Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within and Final Fantasy VII Advent Children.^[7][8] For other uses, see Gaia. ... Final Fantasy VII ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix), and the seventh installment in the Final Fantasy video game series. ... Final Fantasy X ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix), and the tenth installment in the Final Fantasy video game series; it was released in 2001, and is the first numbered Final Fantasy game for the Sony PlayStation 2 video game console. ... It has been suggested that Characters of Final Fantasy X-2 be merged into this article or section. ... Final Fantasy Adventure (Seiken Densetsu: Final Fantasy Gaiden (聖剣伝説 ～ファイナルファンタジー外伝～) in Japan, and Mystic Quest in Europe), released in 1991, was the first game in the Seiken Densetsu series. ... Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within is a science fiction movie by Hironobu Sakaguchi, the creator of the Final Fantasy series of video games. ...

Recurring elements

Airships

Final Fantasy VI airship, the first to be an actual dirigible.

Airships have appeared in every Final Fantasy game, and a character named Cid is almost always directly related to them. (Final Fantasy IV shown).

Airships have appeared in every game in the series and in most spin-offs. Only Final Fantasy VI and Final Fantasy VII feature an actual airship or dirigible, lifted by lighter than air gas. The term when used in Final Fantasy refers instead to conventional looking wooden or metal ships that fly. Some titles have specific battles that involve airships which are used to advance the plot, while a few games have random encounters with an optional monster. In many games, most notably Final Fantasy IV , Final Fantasy VI and Final Fantasy IX, the presence of airships is a key component to the story itself. In most of the titles, airships generally have the appearance of flying sailing ships with a series of propellers instead of sails. However, in some of the later games they look more technological, appearing to be zeppelins or even ornate space ships. In the games in which the player has full control over the airship and can fly throughout the overworld, the game map wraps on both its X and Y axis. Image File history File links This is Blackjack, from an outside view. ... Image File history File links This is Blackjack, from an outside view. ... Final Fantasy VI ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) in 1994 as a part of the Final Fantasy series. ... Image File history File links Final Fantasy IV (JAP) beginning Airship. ... Image File history File links Final Fantasy IV (JAP) beginning Airship. ... The games in the Final Fantasy series often features different types of transportation, but the most significant is the airship. ... Final Fantasy IV ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) in 1991 as a part of the Final Fantasy video game series. ... Final Fantasy VI ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) in 1994 as a part of the Final Fantasy series. ... Final Fantasy VII ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix), and the seventh installment in the Final Fantasy video game series. ... The expression lighter than air refers to objects, usually aircraft, that are buoyant in air because they have an average density that is less than that of air (usually because they contain gases that have a density that is lower than that of air). ... Final Fantasy IV ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) in 1991 as a part of the Final Fantasy video game series. ... Final Fantasy IX ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix), and the ninth installment in the Final Fantasy video game series. ... In computer and video games, the overworld generally refers to an out-door or world map section of the game, as opposed to a dungeon or level. In a typical RPGs, the player can usually save their game whenever they like, and will usually have a different appearance (to reflect...

Final Fantasy X's airship does not allow free-roaming around a world map unlike previous games in the series. Instead, the player selects an available destination from a list and the ship takes them there directly and instantaneously. This method of airship piloting is repeated in Final Fantasy X-2. In Final Fantasy II, Final Fantasy XI, and Final Fantasy XII airships cannot be controlled, but are rather ridden as a commercial flight, requiring a fee to be paid for each flight, with the exception of XII's Strahl airship, which is free and has a system similar to Final Fantasy X. In Final Fantasy VIII, the 'Airship' theme arrived in 2 forms. Balamb Garden and Galbadia Garden were capable of limited flight over land, akin to a hovercraft, since they were engineered originally to be mobile shelters; it is unknown whether Trabia Garden, decimated by a missile onslaught mid-game, had the same ability. Final Fantasy VIII also made available the Ragnarok, a spaceplane created by Esthar. In Final Fantasy II, Cid's airship can only be paid for to use, until his death later on in the game in which the heroes receive it from him to use it at their disposal. Final Fantasy II on the SNES, see Final Fantasy IV Foundation for a Free Information Infrastructure Final Fantasy II ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) in 1988 for the Nintendo Family Computer (Famicom, known internationally as the Nintendo Entertainment System) as a... Final Fantasy XI ), also known as Final Fantasy XI: Online, is a massively multiplayer online role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) as a part of the Final Fantasy video game series. ... Final Fantasy XII ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square Enix for the Sony PlayStation 2 video game console, and the twelfth installment in the Final Fantasy video game series. ... A spaceplane is a rocket plane designed to pass the edge of space. ...

Crystals

Elemental crystals have appeared in over half of the titles of the series. Almost all Final Fantasy installments have a theme of an increase in monster activity, often caused by an imbalance of nature forces, caused by Mist or Crystals. Also, most of the games' plots seem to involve large-scale destruction at some point in the game, often near the end. . Bön . Hinduism (Tattva) and Buddhism (Mahābhūta) Prithvi / Bhumi — Earth Ap / Jala — Water Vayu / Pavan — Air / Wind Agni / Tejas — Fire Akasha — Aether . ...

The Wind Crystal in a crystal amplifier before it shatters (Final Fantasy V)

The four elemental crystals appear in Final Fantasy, Final Fantasy III, Final Fantasy V and Final Fantasy: Mystic Quest. Four elemental crystals also appear in Final Fantasy IV along with four more "dark" crystals that are not stated to be any particular element,^[9] though only two of them are seen in the game.^[10] In addition to the eight crystals of the Earth, there are eight on the moon that balance with them. However, the moon crystals are not explored in detail. Furthermore there is a "Crystal of Flight", and Golbez wields an 18th crystal against Zeromus, but the nature of this crystal is never explained. It is most likely, however, a "Crystal of Light", as only Cecil can use it properly by channelling his own energy into it,^[11] and Golbez, by contrast, cannot.^[12] In Final Fantasy IX, a single, giant crystal lies in Memoria, which as Garland describes as 'The root of all memories' inclining that it is the first crystal to have appeared and probably where the elemental crystals come from. Image File history File links Final_Fantasy_V_death_crystal_screenshot. ... Image File history File links Final_Fantasy_V_death_crystal_screenshot. ... Square Co. ... Cecil Harvey ) is the protagonist of the Square Co. ...

In Final Fantasy: Unlimited there are two types of crystals that are prevalent. The first type is only a crystal in appearance, and greatly resembles the classical shape of the crystals. This is a large crystal that, when deposited produces a large monster. Its function in the series is completely unlike the crystals in any other continuity. The second type of crystals is the Omega Crystals. Omega is an enormous, destructive creature that was long ago split into many pieces and scattered across Wonderland. The pieces of Omega are seemingly sentient, and when defeated revert to an Omega Crystal which is a small, star-shaped reddish crystal. When Omega recovers an Omega Crystal, it absorbs the crystal, and the part of Omega's body corresponding to the crystal is regenerated. Like Omega itself, the Omega Crystals have the ability to break down the dimensional barrier and travel between worlds. The subway "Elizabeth" was built by Cid with an Omega Crystal to give it the ability to travel between different worlds.

In spin-off game Final Fantasy Tactics Advance, four elemental sigils and their respective guardians appear in tribute to the crystals and fiends in the original Final Fantasy.

Chocobo

Main article: Chocobo

A Chocobo (チョコボ, Chokobo^?) is a large, normally flightless galliforme/ratite bird capable of being ridden and is a staple of the Final Fantasy series. The onomatopoeia for a chocobo's call is "Kweh" (クエ, Kue^?). "Kue" is sometimes replaced with "Wark" in English translations. Most chocobos dwell in forests. While timid in the wild, and vicious if threatened, they tame rather easily and make good transports. Chocobos have occasionally been sighted as lightly armored war mounts in which case they can assist their riders with beak and claw. Most often they can be caught in the wild and ridden without fear of random encounters, escaping after the player dismounts. Overall, the species is a very versatile and useful bird, which comes in handy as horses are untamed or non-existent in Final Fantasy games. While ordinary Chocobos are yellow, certain rare breeds are of different colors and have special abilities, such as crossing mountains or flight. An even rarer, more extreme variant is the Fat Chocobo (or Chubby Chocobo), which resembles a morbidly obese yellow chocobo. A Chocobo ) is a fictional large, normally flightless galliforme/ratite bird capable of being ridden and is a staple of the Final Fantasy series. ... Families Megapodidae Numididae Odontophoridae Phasianidae Meleagrididae Tetraonidae Cracidae Mesitornithidae The Galliformes is an order of birds containing the turkeys, grouse, quails and pheasants. ... Families Struthionidae (ostriches) Rheidae (rheas) Casuariidae (emus etc. ... For other uses, see Bird (disambiguation). ... For the supervillain, see Onomatopoeia (comics). ... A random encounter is a feature commonly used in hack and slash role-playing games and computer and video games whereby encounters with non-player character (NPC) enemies or other dangers occur sporadically and at random. ... Binomial name Equus caballus Linnaeus, 1758 The horse (Equus caballus, sometimes seen as a subspecies of the Wild Horse, Equus ferus caballus) is a large odd-toed ungulate mammal, one of ten modern species of the genus Equus. ... This article is about the Final Fantasy franchise. ...

The Chocobo signature theme is an immediately recognizable upbeat ditty that is present in one form or another in all Final Fantasy games since Final Fantasy II. Chocobos have a spin-off series dedicated to them. Chocobos are also a common sight in other Squaresoft and Square Enix games, notably in the Mana series. Final Fantasy II on the SNES, see Final Fantasy IV Foundation for a Free Information Infrastructure Final Fantasy II ) is a console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) in 1988 for the Nintendo Family Computer (Famicom, known internationally as the Nintendo Entertainment System) as a... A spin-off (or spinoff) is a new organization or entity formed by a split from a larger one such as a new company formed from a university research group. ... Square Co. ... SQUARE ENIX (Japanese: スクウェア・エニックス) is a Japanese producer of popular video games and manga. ... Artwork of the Mana Tree, from Children of Mana The Mana series, known in Japan as Seiken Densetsu lit. ...

Moogle

Classic Moogle appearance as in Final Fantasy XI

Moogles, known in the Japanese version of the game as Mōguri (モーグリ, Mōguri^?), are small creatures that appear throughout several Square Enix game series, including the Final Fantasy series, the Seiken Densetsu series, the Chocobo game series, and the Kingdom Hearts series. The Japanese name is a portmanteau of the Japanese words mogura (mole) and kōmori (bat). ImageMetadata File history File links Moogle_FFXI.jpg Final Fantasy bestiary File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Moogle_FFXI.jpg Final Fantasy bestiary File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... A creature is a created being, as opposed to a creator. ... SQUARE ENIX (Japanese: スクウェア・エニックス) is a Japanese producer of popular video games and manga. ... This article is about the Final Fantasy franchise. ... Seiken Densetsu lit. ... A Chocobo ) is a fictional large, normally flightless galliforme/ratite bird capable of being ridden and is a staple of the Final Fantasy series. ... This article contains information on the first Kingdom Hearts video game. ... A portmanteau (IPA: ) is a word or morpheme that fuses two or more words or word parts to give a combined or loaded meaning. ...

Moogles have small eyes and red, pink, or purple bat-like wings. A single black antenna sticks up from their heads, with a small colorful ball (usually red or yellow) at the end called a "pompom". Their ears are usually shaped like a cat's and their fur is white or light pink. However, in Crystal Chronicles they have a different body shape, lacking a distinct head and torso, while in Tactics Advance and Final Fantasy XII they have longer, rabbit-like ears and beige to gray fur. When they first appeared, in Final Fantasy III, Moogles generally ended their sentences with the word "nya", the Japanese equivalent of a cat's "meow". In the later games, they use the word "kupo" instead; some games briefly mention a Moogle language formed out of various permutations of "kupo". In the Final Fantasy III Nintendo DS remake, the word "nya" was replaced with "kupo". Insects display a wide variety of antennal shapes. ... Final Fantasy III is an enhanced remake of the 1990 Japan-only console role-playing game of the same name originally for the Nintendo Entertainment System video game console. ...

Moogles run an in-game message delivery service in Final Fantasy IX and Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles. In the Final Fantasy III remake, the Moogles' message delivery service allows to send real e-mails to other players' games using the Nintendo DS Wi-Fi function. In Final Fantasy XI, a Moogle is assigned to each player to take care of their house and change their jobs, and "Festive" Moogles run the holiday events in the game. In Final Fantasy XII, the Moogles are known to be skillful in mechanics and engineering; they were the first pioneers of airship construction. Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection logo Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection is an online service run by Nintendo to facilitate free Internet play in compatible Nintendo DS and Wii games. ... // This article is about the character classes in Final Fantasy XI. For other Final Fantasy character classes, see Final Fantasy character classes. ... USS Akron (ZRS-4) in flight, November 2, 1931 An airship or dirigible is a buoyant lighter-than-air aircraft that can be steered and propelled through the air. ...

Several Moogle characters of the Final Fantasy series are named Mog, including a playable character in Final Fantasy VI, a character from an arcade game in Final Fantasy VII, a form of the Eidolon Madeen in Final Fantasy IX, and the single player's companion in Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles. In the spin-offs Chocobo no Fushigina Dungeon, Chocobo's Dungeon 2, and Chocobo Racing, a Moogle named Mog is friend with the main character Chocobo. Moogles appear as summoned creatures in Final Fantasy VII where a Moogle appears riding a Chocobo, in Final Fantasy VIII with a young Moogle called MiniMog, and in Final Fantasy Tactics. Eiko in Final Fantasy IX had a Moogle guardian named Mog, she later became the Summon Madeen or Guardian Mog in the English version. Other notable Moogles include Stiltzkin from Final Fantasy IX and Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles, and Montblanc from Final Fantasy Tactics Advance and Final Fantasy XII. Mog ) is a fictional character of the Square Co. ... Edea using an Ice-based limit break, Ice Strike in Final Fantasy VIII Magic is one of the two principal forms of attack in Square Enixs (formerly Square Co. ... Chocobo no Fushigina Dungeon , lit. ... Chocobos Mysterious Dungeon and Chocobos Dungeon II are a pair of video games made for the Sony PlayStation, vaguely linked to the Final Fantasy series of adventures. ... Chocobo Racing , lit. ... Edea using an Ice-based limit break, Ice Strike in Final Fantasy VIII Magic is one of the two principal forms of attack in Square Enixs (formerly Square Co. ... A Chocobo ) is a fictional large, normally flightless galliforme/ratite bird capable of being ridden and is a staple of the Final Fantasy series. ...

Moogles first appear in the Final Fantasy series in Final Fantasy III and are present in all subsequent numbered installments except Final Fantasy IV, in addition to Final Fantasy Tactics, Final Fantasy Tactics Advance, Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles, and Final Fantasy: Unlimited. They were used as Save Points in Final Fantasy IX. Moogles appear only as stuffed dolls in Final Fantasy X, Final Fantasy X-2, Final Fantasy VII Advent Children and Dirge of Cerberus. Moogles make an appearance in the Seiken Densetsu series as a race and/or as a status condition in Final Fantasy Adventure, Secret of Mana, and Seiken Densetsu 3, and are mentioned in Sword of Mana. They make an appearance in the Chocobo series in Chocobo no Fushigina Dungeon, Chocobo's Dungeon 2, Chocobo Racing, and Chocobo Land: A Game of Dice. They also appear in all three games of the Kingdom Hearts series, which includes Moogles named after many famous characters from the series. Finally, a Moogle appears in Egg Monster Heroes, while one is an unlockable character in Mario Hoops 3-on-3. Moogles have appeared as characters in numerous webcomics, such as Ren from Mac Hall. In Exploitation Now there is a character named Ralph who is known as "a walking copyright infringement waiting to happen" and appears very similar to a moogle. Final Fantasy Adventure (Seiken Densetsu: Final Fantasy Gaiden (聖剣伝説 ～ファイナルファンタジー外伝～) in Japan, and Mystic Quest in Europe), released in 1991, was the first game in the Seiken Densetsu series. ... Secret of Mana, known in Japan as Seiken Densetsu 2 , lit. ... Seiken Densetsu 3 , lit. ... Sword of Mana. ... The logo of Kingdom Hearts, the first game in the series Kingdom Hearts ) is a series of action role-playing games developed and published by Square Enix (formerly Square). ... Egg Monster Hero (半熟英雄) is a role playing video game on the Nintendo DS developed by Square Enix; it is a spinoff of their Hanjuku Hero series. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Webcomics, also known as online comics and internet comics, are comics that are available to read on the Internet. ... Mac Hall (debut: 2000-11-07) is a webcomic which was created through a bet between the creator Ian McConville and a friend who claimed he couldnt make a comic like Penny Arcade.[1] After the fifteenth comic, McConville was joined by Matt Boyd who began to write the... Exploitation Now was a webcomic drawn by Michael Poe (generally referred to simply as Poe) on Keenspot from July 2000 to August 2002. ...

Monsters

Main article: Monsters of Final Fantasy

Certain fictional monsters reappear frequently throughout the series, including Goblins, Oni/Ogres/Gigas/Giants, Bombs, Behemoths, Tonberries, Malboros and Cactuars. Summoned monsters - such as Bahamut - as well as the elemental monsters - Shiva (ice) and Ifrit/Efreeti (fire) - have appeared in almost every title in the series. The lightning elemental has been represented by a variety of creatures, principally Ramuh but also Quezacotl and Ixion. In Final Fantasy Tactics Advance, the elemental monsters are not enemies but rather represent spells cast by Summoners (either the player's own, or those of rivals) In the Final Fantasy series of console role playing games by Square Enix (formerly Square), monsters are common antagonists to the playable characters, with usually no relevance to the storyline. ... A statue of an Oni wielding a tetsubo. ... A Tonberry is a mysterious creature from the Final Fantasy series. ... A malboro is a monster in the final fantasy game universe. ... Categories: | | ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Bahamuts menu icon in Final Fantasy X. Bahamut is originally a giant aquatic creature in Arabic mythology[1]. Adapted into a summon in the final fantasy series he usually takes form as a huge dragon. ... For other uses, see Shiva (disambiguation). ... {{Cleanup|date=March 20ungrateful! And whoever is grateful, truly, his gratitude is for (the good of) his ownself; and whoever is ungrateful, (he is ungrateful only for the loss of his ownself). ...

References