It has been suggested that Gasoline type C be merged into this article or section. (Discuss)

Ethanol (ethyl alcohol) and methanol (methyl alcohol) are two types of alcohol fuels. The use of pure alcohols in internal combustion engines is only possible if the engine is designed or modified for that purpose. However, in their anhydrous or pure forms, they can be mixed with gasoline (petrol) in various ratios for use in unmodified automobile engines. Typically, only ethanol is used widely in this manner, particularly since methanol is toxic. Image File history File links Please see the file description page for further information. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol or grain alcohol, is a flammable, colorless, slightly toxic chemical compound with a distinctive perfume-like odor, and is the alcohol found in alcoholic beverages. ... Functional group of an alcohol molecule. ... Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol, wood alcohol or wood spirits, is a chemical compound with chemical formula CH3OH. It is the simplest alcohol, and is a light, volatile, colourless, flammable, poisonous liquid with a distinctive odor that is somewhat milder and sweeter than ethanol (ethyl alcohol). ... Gasoline on the left, alcohol on the right at a filling station in Brazil Rising energy prices and environmental problems have led to increased interest in alcohol as a fuel. ... An internal combustion engine is an engine that is powered by the expansion of hot combustion products of fuel directly acting within an engine. ... Gasoline, also called petrol, is a petroleum-derived liquid mixture consisting mostly of hydrocarbons and enhanced with benzene or iso-octane to increase octane ratings, used as fuel in internal combustion engines. ... Toxic redirects here, but this is also the name of a song by Britney Spears; see Toxic (song) Look up toxic and toxicity in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

E5, E7, E10

E10 Logo required on Delaware fuel dispensers

E10, also frequently called gasohol, is a fuel mixture of 10% ethanol and 90% gasoline that can be used in the internal combustion engines of most modern automobiles. According the Philippine Department of Energy E10 is not harmful to cars' fuel systems.^[1] On October 27, 2006, though, the Federal Aviation Administration published their Special Airworthiness Information Bulletin - Automobile gasoline containing alcohol (Ethanol or Methanol) is not allowed to be used in aircraft. Image File history File linksMetadata E10. ... Image File history File linksMetadata E10. ... Official language(s) None Capital Dover Largest city Wilmington Area  Ranked 49th  - Total 2,491 sq mi (6,452 km²)  - Width 30 miles (48 km)  - Length 100 miles (161 km)  - % water 21. ... Fuel is any material that is capable of releasing energy when its chemical or physical structure is changed or converted. ... The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the burning of a fuel occurs in a confined space called a combustion chamber. ... For the magazine called automobile, see Automobile Magazine. ...

It has been introduced nationwide in Denmark and Thailand, and will replace high octane pure gasoline in Thailand in 2007. It is also commonly available in the Midwestern United States and is the only type of gasoline allowed to be sold in the state of Minnesota, along with E85. As of spring of 2006, due to the phasing out of MTBE as a gasoline additive, E10 has become very common throughout the United States.^{[citation needed]} The Midwest is a common name for a region of the United States of America. ... Capital Saint Paul Largest city Minneapolis Area  Ranked 12th  - Total 87,014 sq mi (225,365 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 400 miles (645 km)  - % water 8. ... Logo used in the United States for E85 fuel E85 is an alcohol fuel mixture of 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline, by volume. ... MTBE is highly flammable and is widely used as an oxygenate. ...

Similar blends include E5 and E7. These concentrations are generally safe for recent engines that run on pure gasoline. Some regions and municipalities mandate that the locally-sold fuels contain limited amounts of ethanol. One way to measure alternative fuels in the US is the "gasoline-equivalent gallons" (GEG). In 2002, the U.S. used as fuel an amount of ethanol equal to 137 petajoules (PJ), the energy of 1.13 billion US gallons (4,280,000 m³) of gasoline. This was less than 1% of the total fuel used that year.^[2] A gasoline-equivalent gallon is a concept used to compare the energy content of gasoline and alternative fuels, which often have different caloric values than gasoline. ... A joule is the work done or energy required to exert a force of one newton for a distance of one metre, so the same quantity may be referred to as a newton metre or newton-metre with the symbol N·m. ...

The Tesco chain of supermarkets in the UK have started selling an E5 brand of gasoline marketed as 99 RON super-unleaded. Price-wise it is cheaper than the other two forms of high-octane unleaded on the market, Shell's Optimax (98 RON) and BP's Ultimate (97 RON). For other uses, see Tesco (disambiguation). ... Optimax is the UK and Australian brand name given to Shells super-premium petrol (gasoline). ...

Many petrol stations throughout Australia are now also selling E10, typically at a few cents cheaper per litre than regular unleaded. It is more commonly found throughout the state of Queensland due to its large sugar cane farming regions. The use of E10 is also subsidised by the Queensland government.

E15

E15 contains 15% ethanol and 85% gasoline. This is generally the greatest ratio of ethanol to gas that is recommended by auto manufacturers that sell vehicles in the United States, though it is possible that many vehicles can handle higher mixtures without trouble. Flexible-fuel vehicles are designed to take higher concentrations, up to 96% v/v ethanol (and no gasoline). A flexible-fuel vehicle or dual-fuel vehicle is an automobile or truck (lorry) that can typically alternate between two sources of fuel. ...

E20

E20 contains 20% ethanol and 80% gasoline. This fuel is not yet widely used in the United States, but will be mandated by the U.S. state of Minnesota by 2013. Since February 2006, this is the standard ethanol-gasoline mixture sold in Brazil, where concerns with the alcohol supply resulted in a drop in the ethanol percentage, previously at 25%. Flexible-fuel cars are set up to run with gasoline in such concentration range and few will work properly with lower concentrations of ethanol.^[3][4] Capital Saint Paul Largest city Minneapolis Area  Ranked 12th  - Total 87,014 sq mi (225,365 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 400 miles (645 km)  - % water 8. ...

E85

E85 is a mixture of 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline, and is generally the highest ethanol fuel mixture found in the United States. It is common in Sweden, and there are more than 1000 public E85 fuel pumps in the U.S. as of 2006, mostly concentrated in the Midwest, with over half of those in Minnesota. Logo used in the United States for E85 fuel E85 is an alcohol fuel mixture of 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline, by volume. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... The Midwest is a common name for a region of the United States of America. ... Capital Saint Paul Largest city Minneapolis Area  Ranked 12th  - Total 87,014 sq mi (225,365 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 400 miles (645 km)  - % water 8. ...

E96 Bus in Sweden (courtesy http://www.greenfleet.info) download brochure

This mixture has an octane rating of about 105. This is down significantly from pure ethanol but still much higher than normal gasoline. The addition of a small amount of gasoline helps a conventional engine start when using this fuel under cold conditions. E85 does not always contain exactly 85% ethanol. In winter, especially in colder climates, additional gasoline is added (to facilitate cold start). E85 has traditionally been similar in cost to gasoline, but with the large oil price rises of 2005 it has become common to see E85 sold for as much as $0.70 less per gallon than gasoline, making it highly attractive to the small but growing number of motorists with cars capable of burning it. Image File history File links 450px-E85bus. ... Image File history File links 450px-E85bus. ... A gas station pump offering five different octane ratings. ...

E85 produces approx. 27% lower fuel economy (miles per gallon) than gasoline. If the price is not at least 27% lower than gasoline, the consumer actually ends up spending more per mile traveled. See Fuel economy. Information on pump, California. ...

E95

E95 contains just 5% gasoline and is used in some diesel engines where high compression is used to ignite the fuel, as opposed to the operation of gasoline engines where spark plugs are used. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Gasoline engine (also referred to as petrol engine or Otto engine) invented at the end of the 19th century by German engineer Nikolaus Otto is a type of internal combustion engine which is often used for automobiles, aircraft, small mobile vehicles such as lawnmowers or motorcycles, and outboard motors for... This article or section should include material from Spark gap A spark plug is an electrical device that fits into the cylinder head of some internal combustion engines and ignites compressed aerosol gasoline by means of an electric spark. ...

E100

E100 is ethanol with up to 1% water, which is most widely used in Brazil and Argentina. Operation in ambient temperatures below 15 °C (59 °F) causes problems with pure, or so-called neat, ethanol for starting engines. The most common cold weather solution is to add an additional small gasoline reservoir to increase the gasoline content momentarily to permit starting the engine. Once started, the engine is then switched back to neat ethanol. Ethanol used as a fuel in Brazil is the azeotrope (the is the highest concentration of ethanol that can be achieved via distillation) and contains 4% of water. However, since the E nomenclature is not adopted in the country, one can tag hydrated ethanol as E100 so as to say that it doesn't have gasoline. Gasoline itself is sold as E20 up to E25, in accordance with current legislation (since February 2006, the concentration ranges from 19% to 21%), but since the value is not typically disclosed by gas stations, adulterations to lower gas costs^[5] could raise the ethanol concentration up to 40% in extreme cases^{[6] [7]}. This article needs more context around or a better explanation of technical details to make it more accessible to general readers and technical readers outside the specialty, without removing technical details. ... Laboratory distillation set-up using, without a fractionating column 1: Heat source 2: Still pot 3: Still head 4: Thermometer/Boiling point temperature 5: Condenser 6: Cooling water in 7: Cooling water out 8: Distillate/receiving flask 9: Vacuum/gas inlet 10: Still receiver 11: Heat control 12: Stirrer speed... Media:Example. ... Modern gas station A filling station, gas station or petrol station is a facility that sells fuel for road motor vehicles – usually petrol (US: gas/gasoline), diesel fuel and LPG. The term gas station is mostly particular to the United States of America and Canada, where petrol is known...

See also

• Ethanol fuel
• Ethanol fuel in Brazil

Information on pump, California. ... Gasoline on the left, alcohol on the right at a filling station in Brazil In Brazil, ethanol fuel is produced from sugar cane which is a more efficient source of fermentable carbohydrates than corn as well as much easier to grow and process. ...

References

1. ^ http://www.doe.gov.ph/Alternative/FAQ.htm
2. ^ http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/alternate/page/datatables/table10.html]
3. ^ "(Portuguese) Flagrado na contramão (Renault Clio 2006)", Best Cars Web Site, February 4, 2006.
4. ^ "(Portuguese) Fiat lança Siena 1.4 com motor tetrafuel", Jornal da Mídia, June 19, 2006.
5. ^ {{ cite news Some cars made by the car manufacturer, Ford, have a "FlexFuel" logo on the back, to show that the car should run on cars with an amount of ethanol in the gasoline it uses. |url=http://oglobo.globo.com/petroleo/materias/2006/06/27/284450274.asp |publisher=Globo online |title=(Portuguese) Pesquisa mostra aumento de adulteração de gasolina no Rio |date=June 27, 2006 }}
6. ^ "(Portuguese) Blitz flagra combustível ‘batizado’", Diário do Grande ABC, June 29, 2006.
7. ^ "(Portuguese) Cinco em cada dez postos de SP podem adulterar gasolina", estadao.com.br, June 2, 2006.