Telephones - main lines in use: 90,000 (2003) The telephone or phone (Greek: tele = far away and phone = voice) is a telecommunications device which is used to transmit and receive sound (most commonly voice and speech) across distance. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with fixed phone. ...

Telephones - mobile cellular: 650,000 (2003) Mobile phones from various years A mobile phone or cell(ular) phone is an electronic telecommunications device. ...

Telephone system: large, well-equipped system by regional standards, but barely adequate and poorly maintained by modern standards; cellular communications started in 1996
domestic: consists of microwave radio relay, cable, radiotelephone communications, tropospheric scatter, and a domestic satellite system with 14 earth stations
international: satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Arabsat A cellular network is a radio network made up of a number of radio cells (or just cells) each served by a fixed transmitter, normally known as a cell site or base station. ... Microwave image of 3C353 galaxy at 8. ... A repeater is an electronic device that receives a weak or low-level signal and retransmits it at a higher level or higher power, so that the signal can cover longer distances without degradation. ... A radiotelephone is a communications device that allows two or more people to talk using radio. ... Tropospheric scatter (or troposcatter) is the scattering of distant TV and FM radio stations by the troposphere so that they travel farther than the line of sight. ... A satellite is any object that orbits another object (which is known as its primary). ... Intelsat, Ltd. ... Arabsat is a satellite built by Aerospatiale. ...

Radio broadcast stations: AM 12, FM 1, shortwave 1 (1998) This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... AM radio is radio broadcasting using Amplitude Modulation. ... Frequency modulation (FM) is a form of modulation which represents information as variations in the instantaneous frequency of a carrier wave. ... A Grundig shortwave receiver Shortwave radio operates between the frequencies of 3,000 kHz and 30 MHz (30,000 kHz) and came to be referred to as such in the early days of radio because the wavelengths associated with this frequency range were shorter than those commonly in use at...

Radios: 7.55 million (1997)

Television broadcast stations: 3 (1997)

Televisions: 2.38 million (1997)

Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 1 (1999) An Internet service provider (ISP, also called Internet access provider or IAP) is a business or organization that offers users access to the Internet and related services. ...

Internet users: 300,000 (2003)

Country code (Top level domain): SD

Communications as of 1991

Domestic telecommunications in Sudan were sparse, and the system suffered from poor maintenance. In 1991 the country had only 73,000 telephones, two-thirds of which were in the Khartoum area. Telex was also available in the capital. A domestic satellite system with fourteen ground stations, supplemented by coaxial cable and a microwave network, linked telephone exchanges and broadcast facilities within the country. Eleven cities had amplitude modulation (AM) radio stations, and Khartoum, Atbarah, and Wad Madani had television stations with broadcasts in Arabic seven hours nightly. The country had an estimated 6 million radio receivers and 250,000 television sets in 1991. Map of Sudan with Khartoum Khartoum ( الخرطوم al-Ḫarṭūm elephant trunk) is the capital of Sudan, as well as the capital of the state of Khartoum. ... Telex can refer to more than one thing: For the communications network, see Telegraphy. ... A satellite is any object that orbits another object (which is known as its primary). ... Radio-grade flexible coaxial cable. ... In the field of telecommunications, a telephone exchange (US: telephone switch) is a piece of equipment that connects phone calls. ... Atbarah (sometimes Atbara) (Arabic: عطبرة) is a town of 87,878 (1993) located in the nile state, Sudan| Nile in northeastern Sudan. ... Wad Madani is the capital of Al Jazirah state in east-central Sudan. ... Arabic can mean: From or related to Arabia From or related to the Arabs The Arabic language; see also Arabic grammar The Arabic alphabet, used for expressing the languages of Arabic, Persian, Malay ( Jawi), Kurdish, Panjabi, Pashto, Sindhi and Urdu, among others. ... In radio terminology, a receiver is an electronic circuit that receives a radio signal from an antenna and decodes the signal for use as sound, pictures, navigational-position information, etc. ...

International telecommunications were modern and provided high-quality links to the rest of the world. A satellite ground station near the capital working with the International Telecommunications Satellite Corporation's (Intelsat) Atlantic Ocean satellite permitted direct dialing of telephone calls between Sudan and Europe, North America, and parts of Africa. In addition, a second satellite ground station was linked to the Arab Satellite Communications Organization's (Arabsat) pan-Arab communications network. The Arabsat network was used for live television broadcasts, news exchanges, and educational programming among the members of the League of Arab States (Arab League). Intelsat, Ltd. ... A direct dial call is a telephone call placed by the person making the call. ... Arabsat is a satellite built by Aerospatiale. ... Flag of the League of Arab States The Arab League or League of Arab States (Arabic: جامعة الدول العربية), is an organization of Arab states (compare Arab world). ...

See also

• Sudan