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A communist revolution is a proletarian revolution inspired by the ideas of Marxism that aims to replace capitalism with communism, typically with socialism (state or worker ownership over the means of production) as an intermediate stage. The need for a proletarian revolution is a cornerstone of Marxism; Marxists believe that the workers of the world must unite and free themselves from capitalist oppression to create a world run by and for the working class. (Thus, in the Marxist view, proletarian revolutions need to happen in countries all over the world; see world revolution.) Communism is an ideology that seeks to establish a classless, stateless social organization based on common ownership of the means of production. ...
Image File history File links Hammer_and_sickle. ...
See also Marxian economics Marxist philosophy or Marxist theory designs work in philosophy which is strongly influenced by Karl Marxs materialist approach to theory or which is written by Marxists. ...
Class struggle is class conflict looked at from a Marxist, libertarian socialist, or anarchist perspective. ...
International Socialism redirects here. ...
Socialist economics is a broad, and sometimes controversial, term. ...
In modern usage, the term communist party is generally used to identify any political party which has adopted communist ideology. ...
Marxism takes its name from the praxis (the synthesis of philosophy and political action) of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. ...
Vladimir Lenin in 1920 Leninism refers to various related political and economic theories elaborated by Bolshevik revolutionary leader Vladimir Lenin, and by other theorists who claim to be carrying on Lenins work. ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
Trotskyism is the theory of Marxism as advocated by Leon Trotsky. ...
Manse Manse! Kim Jong Il! The Juche Idea (also Juche Sasang or Chuche; pronounced // in Korean, approximately joo-cheh) is the official state ideology of North Korea and the political system based on it. ...
Left Communism is a term describing a whole range of communist viewpoints which oppose the political ideas of the Bolsheviks from a position which is asserted to be more authentically Marxist and proletarian than the views held by the Communist International after its first two Congresses. ...
Council communism is a Radical Left movement originating in Germany and the Netherlands in the 1920s. ...
Religious communism is a term used by some Communists that claim that before communism became associated with atheism, the word communism was mainly used by religious groups. ...
Anarchist communism is a form of anarchism that advocates the abolition of the State and capitalism in favor of a horizontal network of voluntary associations through which everyone will be free to satisfy his or her needs. ...
See Communist League (disambiguation) for other groups of the same name. ...
The International Workingmens Association (IWA), sometimes called the First International, was an international socialist organization which aimed at uniting a variety of different left-wing political groups and trade union organizations that were based on the working class and class struggle. ...
The Comintern (Russian: ÐоммÑниÑÑиÑеÑкий ÐнÑеÑнаÑионал, Kommunisticheskiy Internatsional â Communist International, also known as the Third International) was an international Communist organization founded in March 1919, in the midst of the war communism period (1918-1921), by Vladimir Lenin and the Russian Communist Party (Bolshevik), which intended to fight by all available means, including...
For other uses, see Fourth International (disambiguation). ...
Karl Heinrich Marx (May 5, 1818, Trier, Germany â March 14, 1883, London) was a German philosopher, political economist, and revolutionary. ...
Friedrich Engels (November 28, 1820, Wuppertal â August 5, 1895, London), a 19th-century German political philosopher, developed communist theory alongside his better-known collaborator, Karl Marx, co-authoring The Communist Manifesto (1848). ...
Rosa Luxemburg Rosa Luxemburg (March 5, 1870 or 1871 â January 15, 1919, in Polish Róża Luksemburg) was a Jewish Polish-born Marxist political theorist, socialist philosopher, and revolutionary. ...
âLeninâ redirects here. ...
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(Russian: ÐÑв ÐÐ°Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ Ð¢ÑоÑкий, Lyov Davidovich Trotsky, also transliterated Leo, Lev, Trotskii, Trotski, Trotskij, Trockij and Trotzky) (November 7 [O.S. October 26] 1879 â August 21, 1940), born. ...
âMaoâ redirects here. ...
Anarchism is a form of social criticism, a political movement as well as a political philosophy. ...
This article lists ideologies opposed to capitalism and describes them briefly. ...
This does not cite any references or sources. ...
This article is about a form of government in which the state operates under the control of a Communist Party. ...
This article is on criticisms of communism, a branch of socialism. ...
Democratic centralism is the name given to the principles of internal organization used by Leninist political parties, and the term is sometimes used as a synonym for any Leninist policy inside a political party. ...
The dictatorship of the proletariat is a term employed by Karl Marx in his 1875 Critique of the Gotha Program that refers to a transition period between capitalist and communist society in which the state can be nothing but the revolutionary dictatorship of the proletariat. The term refers to a...
In Western thought, the history of communism, an idea of a society based on common ownership of property, can be traced back to ancient times. ...
âLeftismâ redirects here. ...
Luxemburgism (also written Luxembourgism) is a specific revolutionary theory within communism, based on the writings of Rosa Luxemburg. ...
The new class is a term to describe the privileged ruling class of bureaucrats and Communist party functionaries which typically arises in a Stalinist communist state. ...
The New Left is a term used in different countries to describe left-wing movements that occurred in the 1960s and 1970s. ...
Post-Communism is a name sometimes given to the period of political and economic transition in former communist states located in parts of Europe and Asia, usually transforming into a free market capitalist and globalized economy. ...
Eurocommunism was a new trend in the 1970s and 1980s within various Western European communist parties to develop a theory and practice of social transformation that was more relevant in a Western European democracy and less aligned to the partyline of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. ...
Titoism is a term describing political ideology named after Yugoslav leader, Josip Broz Tito, primarily used to describe the schism between the Soviet Union and Socialist Yugoslavia after the Second World War (see Cominform) when the Communist Party of Yugoslavia refused to take further dictates from Moscow. ...
Primitive communism, according to Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, is the original society of humanity. ...
Socialism refers to a broad array of doctrines or political movements that envisage a socio-economic system in which property and the distribution of wealth are subject to control by the community. ...
Joseph Stalin Stalinism is the political and economic system named after Joseph Stalin, who implemented it in the Soviet Union. ...
A communist revolution is a social revolution inspired by the ideas of Marxism that aims to replace capitalism with communism, normally with socialism (public ownership over the means of production) as an intermediate stage. ...
Marxism takes its name from the praxis (the synthesis of philosophy and political action) of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. ...
It has been suggested that Definitions of capitalism be merged into this article or section. ...
Communism is an ideology that seeks to establish a classless, stateless social organization based on common ownership of the means of production. ...
Socialism refers to a broad array of doctrines or political movements that envisage a socio-economic system in which property and the distribution of wealth are subject to control by the community. ...
A state is a political association with effective dominion over a geographic area. ...
Means of production (abbreviated MoP; German: Produktionsmittel), also called means of labour are the materials, tools and other instruments used by workers to make products. ...
Marxism takes its name from the praxis (the synthesis of philosophy and political action) of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. ...
The term working class is used to denote a social class. ...
World revolution is a Marxist concept of a violent overthrow of capitalism that would take place in all countries, although not necessarily simultaneously. ...
Leninism argues that a communist revolution must be led by a vanguard of 'professional revolutionaries' - that is, men and women who are fully dedicated to the communist cause and who can then form the nucleus of the revolutionary movement. Some Marxists disagree with the idea of a vanguard as put forth by Lenin, especially left communists but also including some who continue to consider themselves Marxist-Leninists despite such a disagreement. These critics insist that the entire working class - or at least a large part of it - must be deeply involved and equally committed to the socialist or communist cause in order for a proletarian revolution to be successful. To this end, they seek to build massive communist parties with very large memberships. Vladimir Lenin in 1920 Leninism refers to various related political and economic theories elaborated by Bolshevik revolutionary leader Vladimir Lenin, and by other theorists who claim to be carrying on Lenins work. ...
A vanguard party is a political party or grassroot organization at the forefront of a mass action, movement, or revolution. ...
Professional revolutionaries (also cadre) is in origin a Leninist term used to describe a body of devoted communists who spend the great majority (or all) of their time organizing their party toward proletarian revolution. ...
Left Communism is a term describing a whole range of communist viewpoints which oppose the political ideas of the Bolsheviks from a position which is asserted to be more authentically Marxist and proletarian than the views held by the Communist International after its first two Congresses. ...
Vladimir Lenin in 1920 Leninism is a political and economic theory which builds upon Marxism; it is a branch of Marxism (and it has been the dominant branch of Marxism in the world since the 1920s). ...
The term working class is used to denote a social class. ...
See the articles on communism and communist states for further discussion regarding the goals and results of some of these revolutions. Communism is an ideology that seeks to establish a classless, stateless social organization based on common ownership of the means of production. ...
This article is about a form of government in which the state operates under the control of a Communist Party. ...
Communist revolutions throughout history The following is a list of communist revolutions throughout history. The most significant ones are marked in bold. Among the lesser known revolutions, a number of borderline cases have been included which may or may not have been communist revolutions. The nature of unsuccessful revolutions is particularly contentious since one can only speculate as to the kinds of policies that would have been implemented by the revolutionaries had they achieved victory. Title page to Historians History Of The World. ...
- The creation of the Paris Commune in 1871, considered by Karl Marx to be the first attempt by the working class to establish a communist society.
- The 1917 communist revolution in Russia, known as the October Revolution and a part of the Russian Revolution. It resulted in the victory of the Bolsheviks and the creation of Soviet Russia, the predecessor of the Soviet Union.
- The German Revolution of 1918-1919, led by Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, which ended in defeat for the communists.
- The creation of the short-lived Bavarian Soviet Republic in 1919, which was defeated within a month by the German army and Freikorps.
- The Hungarian revolution of 1919, led by Béla Kun, which was also eventually defeated.
- The Chinese Revolution, final stage of the Chinese Civil War (1926-1949), that resulted in the victory of the Communist Party of China on mainland China in 1949.
- 1941-1945 People's Liberation War in Yugoslavia is waged by the Yugoslav Partisans under the command of Josip Broz Tito with Allied support against the invading forces of Nazi Germany and the pro-Nazi Croatian Ustase. The victorious partisans establish the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
- The August Revolution 1945 creating the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
- The Proclamation of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in 1948, when the Soviet-backed Workers Party of Korea, led by Kim Il-sung, announced the formation of the state of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
- The Cuban Revolution of 1959, in which Fidel Castro and the July 26 Movement overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista.
- Colombian armed conflict (1960s–present) between successive military and civilian governments in Colombia and the two largest Marxist groups, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and the National Liberation Army (ELN).
- The Indonesian revolution and Communist Party of Indonesia support for President Sukarno, which ended when Indonesian General Suharto removed President Sukarno from power and defeated the Communist Party of Indonesia, in 1965-1966.
- The First Indochina War in Vietnam that resulted in the defeat of the French at the Battle of Dien Bien Phu, 1954, and brought the Communist Party of Vietnam under Ho Chi Minh to power in North Vietnam — a victory followed closely by the protracted guerrilla warfare-dominated Vietnam War (1957-1975), which in turn led to the Fall of Saigon and the driving-out of occupying U.S. military forces there, and the unification of North and South Vietnam by communist guerrilla forces into the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The Second Indochina War, as the Vietnam War is also called, drastically changed neighboring Laos and Cambodia.
- The victory of the communist Pathet Lao/Lao People's Revolutionary Party in Laos by 1975, elinmating a coalition government with anti-communists led to the establishment of the communist-administered Lao People's Democratic Republic.
- The victory of the communist Khmer Rouge in Cambodia in 1975, establishing the Maoist regime known as "Democratic Kampuchea," with Pol Pot as dictator. In 1979 it was overthrown by former allies: communist neighbor Vietnam and another communist party faction, reconstituted as the Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party.
- The Malayan Emergency when the Malayan Communist Party and communist guerillas fought against, and were defeated by, British and Malayan forces, 1948-1960.
- The Marxist-led Guinea-Bissauan Revolution in Guinea-Bissau, Africa, against Portugal, 1959-1974.
- The victory of the communist Mozambican Liberation Front in Mozambique, 1964-1975.
- Maoist-styled "Protracted People's War" in the Philippines, launched by the New People's Army in 1969 and continuing at present
- The victory of the communist Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola in Angola, 1975-2002, under Agostinho Neto and José Eduardo dos Santos.
- The overthrow of Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia by Mengistu Haile Mariam who then set up one-party Marxist-Leninist rule in Ethiopia by the communist Workers' Party of Ethiopia, 1977-1991, until they were defeated and expelled by the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front during a subsequent civil war.
- The 1978 Saur Revolution that brought the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan to power in Afghanistan. They were overthrown by the mujahedin in 1992.
- The overthrow of Eric Gairy that brought the New Jewel Movement to power in Grenada from 1979 until 1983, when they were deposed by a U.S.-led invasion.
- The overthrow of Anastasio Somoza Debayle that brought the Sandinista National Liberation Front to power in Nicaragua from 1979 - 1990. They lost the February 25, 1990 elections and peacefully surrendered power.
- The 1981-1992 rebellion by the Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front or FMLN in El Salvador against successive military and civilian governments, ending with a peace treaty.
- From 1996-2006, the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) fought a fairly successful revolutionary war against the autocratic King of Nepal. In 2006 peace was declared, and an agreement was reached that the Maoist would join an interim government.
- In India, various Maoist-oriented factions (generally called Naxalites) have waged armed struggles since Naxalbari rebellio of 1967. Today, the most prominent Naxalite group is the Communist Party of India (Maoist).
- Though it was achieved through a peaceful and democratic election, the ascent to power of the Popular Unity coalition headed by the Marxist Salvador Allende in the 1970 Chilean presidential election was viewed by some as a communist revolution. President Allende was overthrown and killed in the Chilean coup of 1973.
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