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Community

Concepts

Sense of community Social capital This article or section needs a complete rewrite for the reasons listed on the talk page. ... Image File history File links Community. ... Sense of community (or psychological sense of community) is a concept in social psychology (or more narrowly, in community psychology), which focuses on the experience of community rather than its structure, formation, setting, or other features. ... Social capital is defined as the value that is created through the application of social networks during non-organizational time. ...

Perspectives

Community psychology Community studies Community studies is an academic discipine, drawing on sociology and anthropology, and particularly the social research methodology ethnography (participant observation). ...

Kinds and types

Community of interest Community of practice Community of place C.O.I., Community of Interest is a means by which network assets and or network users are segregated by some technological means for some established purpose. ... The concept of a community of practice (often abbreviated as CoP) refers to the process of social learning that occurs when people who have a common interest in some subject or problem collaborate over an extended period to share ideas, find solutions, and build innovations. ... A Community of place is a community of people bound together because of where they reside, work, visit or otherwise spend a continuous portion of their time. ...

Development

Community development Community organizing Community Development, informally called community building, is a broad term applied to the practices and academic disciplines of civic leaders, activists, involved citizens and professionals to improve various aspects of local communities. ... Community organizing is a process by which people are brought together to act in common self-interest. ...

Other

List of community topics Community Portal Main article: community This List of community topics is intended to be a comprehensive listing of topics, categories and other resources related to community in the broadest sense possible. ...

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Community Psychology makes use of the perspectives of Psychology to address issues of communities, the relationships within them, and people's attitudes about them. Closely related disciplines include Social Psychology as studied by psychologists and sociologists, Political Science, and Community development. Psychology is an academic and applied field involving the study of the human mind, brain and behaviour. ... Social psychology is the study of how individuals perceive, influence, and relate to others. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Social Psychology is a subfield of sociology which looks at the social behavior of humans in terms of associations and relationships that they have. ... Political science is an academic and research discipline that deals with the theory and practice of politics and the description and analysis of political systems and political behavior. ... Community Development, informally called community building, is a broad term applied to the practices and academic disciplines of civic leaders, activists, involved citizens and professionals to improve various aspects of local communities. ...

In the U.S., Community Psychology is division 27 of the American Psychological Association, represented by the Society for Community Research & Action (SCRA). Their official description is as follows: The American Psychological Association (APA) is a professional organization representing psychology in the US. It has around 150,000 members and an annual budget of around $70m. ...

The Division of Community Psychology encourages the development of theory, research, and practice relevant to the reciprocal relationships between individuals and the social system which constitute the community context. The Division supports 23 regional groups promoting communication among community psychologists in six U.S. regions, Canada, Western Europe, and the South Pacific. The Division hosts a three day biennial conference and has formed interest groups in the areas of international community psychology, rural psychology, aging, applied settings, and children and youth (prevention issues). Members receive the bimonthly American Journal of Community Psychology and The Community Psychologist, published five times per year.

Community Psychology found a proposed "conceptual center" in the idea of Psychological Sense of Community (or simply Sense of Community), introduced in 1974 by Seymour Sarason. In 1986 a major step was taken by theoretician David McMillan and operationalizer David Chavis with the publication of their Theory of Sense of Community and Sense of Community Index. Originally designed primarily in reference to neighborhoods, the Sense of Community Index (SCI) can be adapted to study other communities as well, including the workplace, schools, religious communities, communities of interest, etc. Sense of community (or psychological sense of community) is a concept in social psychology (or more narrowly, in community psychology), which focuses on the experience of community rather than its structure, formation, setting, or other features. ... 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Seymour Sarason is Professor of Psychology Emeritus at Yale University, where he taught from 1945 to 1989. ... 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Neighbourhood is also a term in topology. ... For the IBM collaboration software product, see IBM Workplace. ... Students in Rome, Italy. ... Religion, sometimes used interchangeably with faith, is commonly defined as belief concerning the supernatural, sacred, or divine, and the practices and institutions associated with such belief. ...

Part of Community Psychology is the Community Mental Health Journal. This is sponsored by the American Association of Community Psychiatrists, is the only periodical devoted specifically to community mental health. Distinguished consultants, representing all the pertinent disciplines and subspecialties, select the articles that are published on research, theory, and practice. Among the subjects covered are crisis intervention, planned change, suicide prevention, social system analysis, early case finding, family therapy, milieu therapy, human ecology, high-risk groups, and social welfare. Current editor: David L. Cutler, M.D. Published by Plenum, bimonthly.

References

• Chavis, D.M., & Wandersman, A. (1990). Sense of community in the urban environment: A catalyst for participation and community development. American Journal of Community Psychology, 18(1), 55-81.
• McMillan, D.W., & Chavis, D.M. (1986). Sense of community: A definition and theory. American Journal of Community Psychology, 14(1), 6-23.
• Sarason, S.B. (1974). The psychological sense of community: Prospects for a community psychology. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Cook, Matthew. Community Psychology Network. 1997-1999. http://www.communitypsychology.net/library/journals.shtml

See also

Community Portal

• Crowd psychology
• Mob mentality
• Group dynamics
• Groupthink

Image File history File links Portal. ... Ordinary people typically can gain direct power by acting collectively. ... A hive mind (sometimes spelled hivemind) is a form of collective consciousness strongly exhibiting traits of conformity and groupthink. ... The term group dynamics implies that individual behaviours may differ depending on individuals current or prospective connections to a sociological group. ... Groupthink is a term widely (and mistakenly) attrbuted to psychologist Irving Janis. ...

External links

• See Community Psychology: In Pursuit of Well-Being and Liberation edited by Nelson and Prilleltensky (in press, New York: Palgrave Macmillan) for further definitions and fields of work.
• Psychology Resources includes information about Community Psychology and related topics.