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Encyclopedia > Complete theory

In mathematical logic, a theory is complete, if it contains either S or as a theorem for every sentence S in its language.[1] Mathematical logic is a subfield of mathematics that is concerned with formal systems in relation to the way that they encode intuitive concepts of mathematical objects such as sets and numbers, proofs, and computation. ... In mathematical logic, a theory is usually defined as a set of first-order sentences (closed first-order formulas). ... In mathematical logic, a sentence is a formula with no free variables; therefore, a sentence is either true or false in a given structure. ...


Theories that are rich enough to allow general mathematical reasoning to be formulated cannot be complete, as demonstrated by Gödel's incompleteness theorem. In mathematical logic, Gödels incompleteness theorems are two celebrated theorems proven by Kurt Gödel in 1931. ...


This sense of complete is distinct from the notion of a complete logic, which asserts that for every theory that can be formulated in the logic, all semantically valid statements are provable theorems (for an appropriate sense of "semantically valid"). Gödel's completeness theorem is about this latter kind of completeness. Gödels completeness theorem is an important theorem in mathematical logic which was first proved by Kurt Gödel in 1929. ...


References

  1. ^ Mendelson, Elliott (1997). Introduction to Mathematical Logic, Fourth edition, Chapman & Hall, p. 86. ISBN 978-0-412-80830-2. 

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