The Complutensian Polyglot Bible is the name given to the first printed polyglot of the entire Bible, planned and financed by Cardinal Cisneros (1436-1517). It includes the first printed editions of the Greek New Testament, the complete Septuagint, and the Targum Onkelos. Of the 600 printed, only 123 are known to have survived to date. Polyglot can mean: The property of speaking multiple languages A person that can speak many languages A book that contains the same text in more than one language, usually a bible such as the first polyglot bible the Complutensian Polyglot Bible A language that is a combination of other languages... The Bible (From Greek (τα) βιβλια, (ta) biblia, (the) books, plural of βιβλιον, biblion, book, originally a diminutive of βιβλος, biblos, which in turn is derived from βυβλος—byblos, meaning papyrus, from the ancient Phoenician city of Byblos which exported this writing material), is a word applied to sacred scriptures. ... Cisneros visits the construction of the Hospital of the Charity. ... Events April - Paris is recaptured by the French End of the Hussite Wars in Bohemia. ... Events January 22 - Battle of Ridanieh. ... The New Testament, sometimes called the Greek Scriptures, is the name given to the part of the Christian Bible that was written after the birth of Jesus. ... The Septuagint (LXX) is the name commonly given to the Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament) produced in the third century BC. The Septuagint bible includes additional books beyond those used in todays Jewish Tanakh. ... Categories: Judaism-related stubs | Jewish texts ...

History

With the rise of the printing press in the 1450s, the potentials for more efficient production of the Bible were quickly realized. At great personal expense, Cardinal Cisneros acquired many manuscripts and invited the top religious scholars of the day to work on the ambitious task of compiling a massive and complete polyglot "to revive the languishing study of the Sacred Scriptures." The scholars met in the city of Alcalá de Henares (in Latin, Complutum), at the Cardinal's own University of Alcalá. Work on the project began in 1502 under the direction of Diego Lopez de Zuñiga, and continued there for fifteen years. The printing press is a mechanical device for printing many copies of a text on rectangular sheets of paper. ... Alcalá de Henares is a Spanish city. ... Events January 1 - Portuguese explorers sailed into Guanabra Bay, Brazil and mistook it for the mouth of a river which they named Rio de Janeiro May 9 - Christopher Columbus leaves Spain for his fourth and final trip to the New World. May 21 - Portuguese discover island of St Helena. ...

The New Testament was completed and printed in 1514, but its publication was delayed while work on the Old Testament continued, so they could be published together as a complete work. In the meantime, word of the Complutensian project reached Desiderius Erasmus in Rotterdam, who rushed to produce his own printed edition of the Greek New Testament. Although this hasty edition was based on limited, arguably inaccurate texts and full of typographical errors, Erasmus obtained an exclusive four-year publishing privilege from Emperor Maximilian and Pope Leo X in 1516. Erasmus' text became known as the Textus Receptus, and later editions were the basis for the King James Version of the New Testament. It was reprinted in 1572 with the second edition known as the Biblia Regia or Filipina. The New Testament, sometimes called the Greek Scriptures, is the name given to the part of the Christian Bible that was written after the birth of Jesus. ... Events March - Louis XII of France makes peace with Emperor Maximilian. ... This article deals with the Erasmus, the theologian. ... Emperor Maximilian I Maximilian I of Habsburg (March 22, 1459 - January 12, 1519) was Holy Roman Emperor Life and reign in the Habsburg hereditary lands Maximilian was born in Vienna as the son of the Emperor Frederick III and Eleanore of Portugal. ... Leo X, né Giovanni di Lorenzo de Medici (December 11, 1475 – December 1, 1521), pope between 1513 and his death, is known primarily for his failure to stem the Protestant Reformation, which began during his reign when Martin Luther first attacked the Roman Catholic Church. ... Events March - With the death of Ferdinand II of Aragon, his grandson Charles of Ghent becomes King of Spain as Carlos I. July - Selim I of the Ottoman Empire declares war on the Mameluks and invades Syria. ... Textus Receptus (Latin: Received Text) is the name given to the first Greek text of the New Testament to be printed with movable type. ... This page is about the version of the Bible; for the Harvey Danger album, see King James Version (album). ...

The Complutensian Old Testament was completed in 1517. Because of Erasmus' exclusive privilege, publication of the Polyglot was delayed until Pope Leo X could sanction it in 1520. It is believed to have not been distributed widely before 1522. Cardinal Jiménez died in July of 1517, five months after the Polyglot's completion, and never saw its publication. Events January 22 - Battle of Ridanieh. ... Events January 18 - King Christian II of Denmark and Norway defeats the Swedes at Lake Asunde. ... Events January 9 - Adrian Dedens becomes Pope Adrian VI. February 26 - Execution by hanging of Cuauhtémoc, Aztec ruler of Tenochtitlan under orders of conquistador Hernán Cortés. ... Events January 22 - Battle of Ridanieh. ...

Contents

The Complutensian Polyglot Bible was published as a six-volume set. The first four volumes contain the Old Testament. Each page consists of three parallel columns of text: Hebrew on the outside, the Latin Vulgate in the middle, and the Greek Septuagint on the inside. On each page of the Pentateuch, the Aramaic text (the Targum Onkelos) and its own Latin translation are added at the bottom. The fifth volume, the New Testament, consists of parallel columns of Greek and the Latin Vulgate. The sixth volume contains various Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek dictionaries and study aids. The Old Testament or the Hebrew Scriptures constitutes the first major part of the Christian Bible, usually divided into the categories law, history, poetry (or wisdom books) and prophecy. ... The Vulgate Bible is an early 5th century translation of the Bible into Latin made by St. ... Torah, (תורה) is a Hebrew word meaning teaching, instruction, or especially Law. ...

Jerome's version of the Old Testament was placed between the Greek and Hebrew versions, thus the synagogue and the Eastern church, as the preface explains it, are set like the thieves on this side and on that, with Jesus (that is, the Roman Church) in the midst. For other uses see: Jerome (disambiguation) Jerome (about 340 - September 30, 420), (full name Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus) is best known as the translator of the Bible from Greek and Hebrew into Latin. ... The Old Testament or the Hebrew Scriptures constitutes the first major part of the Christian Bible, usually divided into the categories law, history, poetry (or wisdom books) and prophecy. ... The Modern Hebrew language is a Semitic language of the Afro-Asiatic language family. ...