USSR Union of Composers or Union of Composers of the USSR (Russian: Союз Советских композиторов СССР), also Union of Composers or Composers’ Union was a ‘creative’ professional organisation of composers in the Soviet Union. It still exists as the Union of Composers of Russian Federation.

The Union of Composers of the USSR 1932-1957 (as well as other creative unions of artists, architects, writers, and so on) was organised according to the Communist Party Resolution ‘On the Reconstruction of Literary and Artistic Organisations’, issued on April 23, 1932. It was followed by the liquidation of two antagonistic composers’ organs: the Western and modernist orientated ACM - Association for Contemporary Music and democratic RAPM, the Russian Association of Proletarian Musicians proclaimed that mass song should be the basis of Soviet music. 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will take you to a full 1932 calendar). ... 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... In modern usage, a communist party is a political party which promotes communism, the sociopolitical philosophy based on Marxism. ... April 23 is the 113th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (114th in leap years). ... 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will take you to a full 1932 calendar). ... RAPM (the Russian Association of Proletarian Musicians) was a musicians organisation of the early Soviet period. ...

The Unions of Composers were created in 1932 in Moscow, Leningrad and the capitals of the republics and autonomies.

The Stalin era, was a period characterized by bureaucratic control and the reign of Socialist Realism in all the fields of arts including music. The ruling ideological doctrine of ‘Socialist Realism’ was promulgated in 1934. It was explained as a ‘truthful and historically concrete depiction of reality in its revolutionary development’. In musical term this meant a composing of patriotic, elevating scores, preferably with a topical or folkloric content, supportive for the communist ideology and the regime, simple and accessible to the masses. All experimentation or any fluctuation from these frames were branded as ‘formalism’ and banished together with the ‘decadent music of the rotten West’. Iosif (usually anglicized as Joseph) Vissarionovich Stalin (Russian: Иосиф Виссарионович Сталин), original name Ioseb Jughashvili (Georgian: იოსებ ჯუღაშვილი; see Other names section) (December 21, 1879[1] – March 5, 1953) was a Bolshevik revolutionary and leader of the Soviet Union. ... Roses for Stalin, Boris Vladimirski, 1949 Socialist realism is a teleologically-oriented style of realistic art which has as its purpose the furtherance of the goals of socialism and communism. ... 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...

The Union of Soviet Composers established control over the music profession and negotiated the relationship between composers and the Communist Party leadership. There was a complex and mutable interaction of creative intelligentsia and political elite in a period hitherto characterized as one of totalitarian control. In modern usage, a communist party is a political party which promotes communism, the sociopolitical philosophy based on Marxism. ...

Most accounts of Soviet musical life focus on famous individuals. In 1936 Dmitri Shostakovich was victimized for his opera Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk. A series of critical articles in the organ of the Communist Party newspaper Pravda, and especially ‘Muddle Instead of Music’ were initiated personally by Stalin, and then supported by the colleagues-composers from the Composers' Union. 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Dmitri Shostakovich Dmitri Dmitrievich Shostakovich (Russian: , Dmitrij Dmitrievič Å ostakovič) (September 25 [O.S. September 12] 1906–August 9, 1975) was a Russian composer of the Soviet period. ... This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... This article describes the Soviet/Russian newspaper. ... Iosif (usually anglicized as Joseph) Vissarionovich Stalin (Russian: Иосиф Виссарионович Сталин), original name Ioseb Jughashvili (Georgian: იოსებ ჯუღაშვილი; see Other names section) (December 21, 1879[1] – March 5, 1953) was a Bolshevik revolutionary and leader of the Soviet Union. ...

In 1939 the government instituted an Organisational Comitee (Orgcomitet) of the Union of Composers. 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ...

The pressure to the composers Dmitri Shostakovich, Sergei Prokofiev, Nikolai Myaskovsky, Vissarion Shebalin and others reached its peak in the "Party Resolution" of 1948, and the infamous auto-da-fé of the First Congress of the Composers’ Union. The First Congress took place on April 19-25, 1948. At the congress the Organisational Comitee of the Composers’ Union was replaced by party functionaries and Tikhon Khrennikov was chosen by Andrei Zhdanov and Stalin to the post of general secretary of the Union of Composers of the USSR that he held until the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Dmitri Shostakovich Dmitri Dmitrievich Shostakovich (Russian: , Dmitrij Dmitrievič Å ostakovič) (September 25 [O.S. September 12] 1906–August 9, 1975) was a Russian composer of the Soviet period. ... Sergei Sergeyevich Prokofiev (Russian: , Sergej Sergejevič Prokofev, 15/April 271, 1891–March 5, 1953) was a Ukrainian-born Russian composer who mastered numerous musical genres and came to be admired as one of the greatest composers of the 20th century. ... Nikolai Myaskovsky (ru: Николай Мясковский) (April 20, 1881 – August 8, 1950) was a Russian composer. ... Vissarion Shebalin (1902–1963) was born on June 11, 1902 in Omsk. ... 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ... April 19 is the 109th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (110th in leap years). ... 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ... The composer Tikhon Nikolayevich Khrennikov (born June 10 (May 28, Old Style), 1913 in Yelets, Orlov District) wrote three symphonies, three piano concertos, two violin concertos, two cello concertos, operas, operettas, ballets, chamber music, incidental music and film music, but was better known in his lifetime for his political activities. ... Andrei Zhdanov Andrei Aleksandrovich Zhdanov (Андре́й Алекса́ндрович Жда́нов) (February 26 [O.S. February 14] 1896–August 31, 1948) was a Soviet politician. ... Iosif (usually anglicized as Joseph) Vissarionovich Stalin (Russian: Иосиф Виссарионович Сталин), original name Ioseb Jughashvili (Georgian: იოსებ ჯუღაშვილი; see Other names section) (December 21, 1879[1] – March 5, 1953) was a Bolshevik revolutionary and leader of the Soviet Union. ... 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The Union's meetings and congresses were organised on a regularly basis. The Second Congress took place on March 28 - April 5, 1957; the tird on March 26 - April 3, 1962, etc. These events were usually accompanied with a series of the official concerts and music festivals. These were followed by a parody to the democratic elections with only one candidate to the chair. The speeches of Khrennikov and other secretaries included a report on a situation with a creative life in the Union as well as critics of some defect and deficiencies. Thus at the Sixth Congress in 1979 the music of the so-called 'Khrennikov's Seven' was criticised as "pointlessness... and noisy mud instead of real musical innovation", that harked back to the First Congress of 1948. March 28 is the 87th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (88th in leap years). ... April 5 is the 95th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (96th in leap years). ... 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 26 is the 85th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (86th in leap years). ... April 3 is the 93rd day of the year (94th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 272 days remaining. ... 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar). ... The composer Tikhon Nikolayevich Khrennikov (born June 10 (May 28, Old Style), 1913 in Yelets, Orlov District) wrote three symphonies, three piano concertos, two violin concertos, two cello concertos, operas, operettas, ballets, chamber music, incidental music and film music, but was better known in his lifetime for his political activities. ... This page refers to the year 1979. ... 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ...

The "Union of Composers of the USSR" was renamed into the "Union of Soviet Composers" in 1957. It was also re-structured with the regional sub-divisions into: 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

• The Union of composers of RSFSR (Russian Federation);
• The Union of composers of Armenian SSR, Azerbaijan SSR, Byelorussian SSR, etc. (all Soviet republics);
• The Union of composers of Bashkir ASSR, Buryat ASSR, Dagestan ASSR, etc. (all Soviet autonomies);
• The Union of composers of Moscow, Leningrad, Chelyabinsk, etc. (all major cities).

The Union was really a powerful organization having control over the performing organisations, concert halls, music publishers, Radio and TV, Ministries of Culture, Rights Agency VAAP, theatres, orchestras, ensembles, conservatories and other music institutions, and music shops. State motto: Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь! (Workers of the world, unite!) Official language None (Russian in practice) Capital Moscow Chairman of the Supreme Council Boris Yeltsin Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 1st in former Soviet Union 17,075,200 km² 0,5% Population  - Total (1989)  - Density Ranked 1st in the former... Belarus (Belarusian: Белару́сь, Russian: Белару́сь (formerly: Белору́ссия)) is a landlocked nation of Eastern Europe with the capital Minsk. ... The Bashkirs, a Turkic people, live in Russia, mostly in the republic of Bashkortostan. ... The Buryats, numbering approximately 436,000, are the largest ethnic minority group in Siberia and are mainly concentrated in their homeland, the Buryat Republic. ... The Republic of Dagestan (Russian: ), older spelling Daghestan, is a federal subject of the Russian Federation (a republic). ... Government Russia District Subdivision Russia Central Federal District Federal City Mayor Yuri Luzhkov Geographical characteristics Area  - City 1,081 km² Population  - City (2005)    - Density 10,415,400   8537. ... Leningrad (Russian: Ленинград) may mean: St. ... Chelyabinsk Theatre. ... See TV (disambiguation) for other uses and Television (band) for the rock band European networks National In much of Europe television broadcasting has historically been state dominated, rather than commercially organised, although commercial stations have grown in number recently. ...

The structures of the Union has included:

• Centre of music information and propaganda of Soviet music;
• All-Union House of Composers (Vsesoyuzny Dom Kompozitorov);
• Music Foundation (Muzfond);
• Production department of Muzfond (Proizvodstvenny kombinat Muzfonda);
• Creative Houses (camps and cottages for the composers in Ruza, Ivanovo, Repino, etc);
• Publishers "Sovetsky Kompozitor" (renamed "Kompozitor" after 1991)
• Editorisal offices for journals “Sovetskaya Musyka” and “Muzykal’naya Zhizn’”;
• Libraries.

In 1987 the Union of Composers included 2506 members (with 1134 members for the Russian Federation, 586 for Moscow, and 158 for Leningrad). The Union had a complex hierarchic system of Secretaries, Commissions, and Administration Boards, Sections and Sub-sections with Tikhon Khrennikov on top. 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Government Russia District Subdivision Russia Central Federal District Federal City Mayor Yuri Luzhkov Geographical characteristics Area  - City 1,081 km² Population  - City (2005)    - Density 10,415,400   8537. ... The composer Tikhon Nikolayevich Khrennikov (born June 10 (May 28, Old Style), 1913 in Yelets, Orlov District) wrote three symphonies, three piano concertos, two violin concertos, two cello concertos, operas, operettas, ballets, chamber music, incidental music and film music, but was better known in his lifetime for his political activities. ...

Inside if the Union of Composers, a new "ACM - Association for Contemporary Music", the revival of the previous, was established in Moscow in 1990 with its chairman a composer Edison Denisov (1929-1996). Government Russia District Subdivision Russia Central Federal District Federal City Mayor Yuri Luzhkov Geographical characteristics Area  - City 1,081 km² Population  - City (2005)    - Density 10,415,400   8537. ... This article is about the year. ... A composer is a person who writes music. ... Edison Denisov (April 6, 1929 - November 24, 1996) was a Russian composer from Tomsk, Siberia. ... 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ...

After the collapse of the USSR the "Union of Soviet Composers" was renamed into the "Union of Composers of Russia" with its leader Vladislav Kazenin (b. 1937). // The rise of Gorbachev Although reform in the Soviet Union stalled between 1969–1982, a generational shift gave new momentum for reform. ... 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Bibliography

Tomoff, Kiril: Creative Union. The Professional Organization of Soviet Composers, 1939–1953 Cloth, 2006 ISBN 0-8014-4411-X

See also

• Creative unions in the USSR
• Zhdanov Doctrine
• Khrennikov's Seven

Zhdanov Doctrine (also called zhdanovism or zhdanovschina, Russian: доктрина Жданова, ждановизм, ждановщина) was a Soviet doctrine developed by the Central Committee secretary Andrei Zhdanov in 1946. ...

External links

Creative Union book annonce