In international law, a condominium (plural either condominia, as in Latin, or condominiums) is a political territory (state or border area) in or over which two or more sovereign powers formally agree to share equally dominium (in the sense of sovereignty) and exercise their rights jointly, without dividing it up into 'national' zones. This article is about the form of housing. ... Providing a constitution for public international law, the United Nations was conceived during World War II International law is the term commonly used for referring to the system of implicit and explicit agreements that bind together nation-states in adherence to recognized values and standards, differing from other legal systems...

Although a condominium has always been recognized as a theoretical possibility, condominiums have been rare in practice. A major problem, and the reason why so few have existed in practice, is the difficulty of ensuring co-operation between the sovereign powers; once the understanding fails, the status is likely to become untenable.

The word is recorded in English since c.1714, from Modern Latin, apparently coined in Germany c.1700 from Latin com- "together" + dominium "right of ownership" (compare domain). This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Current condominia

* The Moselle River is a condominium between Luxembourg and Germany, who share bridges and at least the tip of one island (near Schengen). The condominium was established by treaty in 1816.[Italic text][[Image:Example.jpgARIANNA<!-- ASK THE RIGHTS -->]] This article is about the river in France, Luxembourg & Germany. ... Schengen is a wine-growing village in south-eastern Luxembourg near the point where the borders of Germany, France and Luxembourg come together. ...

• Pheasant Island (also known as Conference Island, Konpantzia in Basque, Île de la Conférence in French or Isla de los Faisanes in Spanish) in the River Bidassoa between France and Spain. It was established by the Treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659.
• A small area on the Arabian Peninsula is jointly ruled by the Emirati member state of Ajman and the country of Oman.[1]
• The main part of Lake Constance (without islands) is considered by Austria to be a condominium between Germany, Austria and Switzerland. This view is not shared by Germany and Switzerland.

The term is sometimes even applied to a similar arrangement between members of a Monarch's countries in (personal or formal) union, as was the case for the district of Fiume (Rijeka), shared between Hungary and Croatia within the Hapsburg Empire since 1868. Pheasant Island is a fluvial island located in the Bidasoa river that formerly belonged to Hondarribia. ... The Bidasoa (French: Bidassoa) is a river in the Basque country of northern Spain. ... The Treaty of the Pyrenees was a treaty signed in 1659 to end the war between France and Spain that had begun in 1635 during the Thirty Years War. ... Arabia redirects here. ... Motto:  Anthem: Ishy Bilady Capital (and largest city) Ajman Official languages Arabic Government constitutional monarchy  -  Emir Sheikh Humaid bin Rashid Al Nuaimi  -  Crown prince Sheikh Ammar bin Humaid Al Nuaimi Establishment 1780  Area  -  Total 259 km²  177 sq mi  Population  -  2007 estimate 235,000  Currency UAE dirham (AED) Time zone... For other uses, see Lake Constance, New Zealand. ... Rijeka (Fiume in Italian and Hungarian; Rijeka and Fiume both mean river) is the principal seaport of Croatia, located on the Kvarner Bay, an inlet of the Adriatic Sea. ...

Co-principality

Under French law, Andorra was once considered to be a French–Spanish condominium, although it is more commonly classed as a co-principality, since it is itself a sovereign state, not a possession of one or more foreign powers, even though the quality of Head of State is shared ex officio by two foreigners. Co-regency refers to the situation where a monarchial position (such as King, Queen, Emperor or Empress), normally held by only a single person, is held by two. ...

Former Condominia

• Anglo-Egyptian Sudan was legally a British–Egyptian condominium until 1956, although Egypt itself was effectively under British control from 1882 - 1952.
• Bosnia-Herzegovina was a condominium of Austria and Hungary between 1908 and 1918, while both countries were parts of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
• Canton and Enderbury Islands were a British–American condominium from 1939 until 1979 when they became part of Kiribati
• Couto Mixto was shared until 1864 between Spain and Portugal
• Cyprus was shared for almost 300 years (688-965) between the Byzantine emperor and the Caliph
• Countship of Friesland (West Frisia), since 1165 under Imperial administration, was from 1165 to 1493 a joint condominium of the Count of Holland and the Prince-bishop of Utrecht, then again till 25 October 1555 under Imperial administration
• Erfurt, from 12th century until Thirty Years' War shared between Archbishopric of Mainz and Counts of Gleichen, the latter replaced by the city councel in 1289 (Concordata Gebhardi), Landgrave of Thuringia in 1327 and the House of Wettin in 1483 (Treaty of Weimar)
• Maastricht, until 1794 shared between the Prince-Bishopric of Liège and the Duchy of Brabant, the latter replaced by the Dutch Republic in 1632.
• Nauru a tripartite condominium mandate territory administered by Australia, New Zealand and United Kingdom from 1923 to 1942 and again in 1947 as a trust territory until independence in 1968
• New Hebrides formed a French–British condominium in 1906 until independence in 1980 as a republic, now called Vanuatu
• Neutral Moresnet was shared from 1816 until 1919 between The Netherlands (later Belgium) and Prussia (later Germany)
• Northern Dobruja by the Central powers (German-Austrian-Bulgarian) during World War I.[2]
• Oregon Country was an Anglo-American condominium from 1818 until 1846
• Sakhalin Island in the Far East, off Siberia's Pacific coast. In 1855, the Russian and Japanese empires signed the Treaty of Shimoda, allowing both countries' nationals to inhabit the island: Russians in the north, and Japanese in the south, without a clear boundary in between. After the Russo-Japanese War ended in 1905 Japan annexed the territory south of 60 North Latitude. In 1945, according to Yalta Conference agreements, the Soviet Union took over the control of the whole island.
• Samoan Islands from 1889 to 1899 were a rare tripartite condominium under joint protectorate of Germany, Britain and the USA.
• Togoland from 26 August 1914, under British and French occupation, the German protectorate (a colony since 1905) of Togoland was an Anglo-French condominium, until its partition on 27 December 1916 into French and British zones, which were transformed on 20 July 1922 into two separate League of Nations mandates: British Togoland (which joined Gold Coast, present Ghana, in 1956) and French Togoland, the present republic of Togo.
• Zaporozhian Sich, a brief Russo-Polish condominium established in 1667 by the Treaty of Andrusovo.

Anglo-Egyptian Sudan was the name of Sudan between 1899 and 1956, when it was a condominium of the United Kingdom and Egypt. ... Bosnia and Herzegovina (also variously written Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bosnia and Hercegovina, Bosnia-Hercegovina) is a mountainous country in the western Balkans. ... Official languages Latin, German, Hungarian Established church Roman Catholic Capital & Largest City Vienna pop. ... The Canton and Enderbury Islands are the coral atolls of Canton (now Kanton) and Enderbury in the northeastern part of the Phoenix Islands, about 1,850 miles (3,000 km) south of Hawaii in the central Pacific Ocean. ... Motto: (traditional) In God We Trust (official, 1956–present) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City Official language(s) None at the federal level; English de facto Government Federal Republic  - President George W. Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence - Declared - Recognized... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... Byzantine redirects here. ... For main article see: Caliphate The Caliph (pronounced khaleef in Arabic) is the head of state in a Caliphate, and the title for the leader of the Islamic Ummah, an Islamic community ruled by the Sharia. ... Capital Leeuwarden Queens Commissioner drs. ... West Frisia (Dutch: Westfrisia) is a histrorical area now the northern Netherlands, including areas/ provinces suchs as South Holland, North Holland, Friesland and Noordoostpolder. ... The Counts of Holland ruled over the county of Holland in the Low Countries between the 10th and the 16th century. ... Prince-Bishop was the title given bishops who held secular powers, beside their inherent clerical power. ... The Diocese of Utrecht was established in 695 when Saint Willibrord was consecrated bishop of the Frisians at Rome by Pope Sergius I, and with the consent of the Frankish ruler, Pippin of Herstal, settled at the market-town of Utrecht. ... is the 298th day of the year (299th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events Russia breaks 60 year old truce with Sweden by attacking Finland February 2 - Diet of Augsburg begins February 4 - John Rogers becomes first Protestant martyr in England February 9 - Bishop of Gloucester John Hooper is burned at the stake May 23 - Paul IV becomes Pope. ... The cathedral Mariendom at night. ... Combatants Sweden  Bohemia Denmark-Norway[1] Dutch Republic France Scotland England Saxony  Holy Roman Empire Catholic League Austria Bavaria Spain Commanders Frederick V Buckingham Leven Gustav II Adolf â€  Johan Baner Cardinal Richelieu Louis II de Bourbon Vicomte de Turenne Christian IV of Denmark Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar Johann Georg I... Between 780–82 and 1802 the Archbishop of Mainz was an influential ecclesiastic and secular prince in the Holy Roman Empire. ... Coordinates: , Country Province Area (2006)  - Municipality 60. ... Coat of arms The Bishopric of Liège in 1477 Capital Liège Language(s) French, Dutch, German, Walloon Religion Roman Catholicism Government Principality Prince-Bishop  - 340s–384 Saint Servatius (first bishop)  - 972–1008 Notger (first prince-bishop)  - 1792–94 François-Antoine-Marie de Méan (last) Historical era... Brabant is a former duchy in the Low Countries, and a former province of Belgium. ... Map of Dutch Republic by Joannes Janssonius United Netherlands redirects here. ... Mandate can mean: An obligation handed down by an inter-governmental body; see mandate (international law) The power granted by an electorate; see mandate (politics) A League of Nations mandate To some Christians, an order from God; see mandate (theology) The decision of an appeals court; see mandate (law) The... United Nations Trust Territories were the successors of the League of Nations mandates and came into being when the League of Nations ceased to exist in 1946. ... The New Hebrides are an island group in the South Pacific that now form the nation of Vanuatu. ... Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ... Unofficial flag of Moresnet (1883) Moresnet or Neutral Moresnet was, from 1816 to 1919, a tiny European mini-state of about 3. ... Year 1816 (MDCCCXVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Motto: Je Maintiendrai (Dutch: Ik zal handhaven, English: I Shall Uphold) Anthem: Wilhelmus van Nassouwe Capital Amsterdam1 Largest city Amsterdam Official language(s) Dutch2 Government Parliamentary democracy Constitutional monarchy  - Queen Beatrix  - Prime minister Jan Peter Balkenende Independence Eighty Years War   - Declared July 26, 1581   - Recognised January 30, 1648 (by Spain... For other uses, see Prussia (disambiguation). ... Map of Romania with Northern Dobruja highlighted Northern Dobruja (Dobrogea in Romanian; Северна Добруджа, Severna Dobrudzha in Bulgarian) is the part of Dobruja that is part of Romania. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ... Landscape in Oregon Country, by Charles Marion Russell Map of Oregon Country Oregon Country was a region of western North America that originally consisted of the land north of 42°N latitude, south of 54°40N latitude, and west of the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean. ... Sakhalin (Russian: , IPA: ; Japanese: 樺太 ) or サハリン )); Chinese: 庫頁; also Saghalien, is a large elongated island in the North Pacific, lying between 45°50 and 54°24 N. It is part of Russia and is its largest island, administered as part of Sakhalin Oblast. ... The Treaty of Shimoda was signed between the Russian Admiral Efimii Vasilevich Putiatin and Toshiakira Kawaji of Japan in the city of Shimoda, Japan, on February 7th, 1855. ... -1... The Big Three at the Yalta Conference, Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Joseph Stalin. ... Samoa Islands may refer to: Samoa, a country in the South Pacific American Samoa, a U.S. territory, also in the South Pacific This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... This article is about states protected and/or dominated by a foreign power. ... Togoland was a German protectorate in West Africa. ... is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1914 (MCMXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... December 27 is the 361st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (362nd in leap years). ... Year 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Friday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... is the 201st day of the year (202nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1922 (MCMXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Mandates in the Middle east and Africa. ... British Togoland was a League of Nations Mandate in Africa, formed by the splitting of German Togoland into French Togoland and British Togoland. ... French Togoland was a France Mandate territory in West Africa, which later became the Togolese Republic. ... Zaporizhian Sich or Zaporozhian Sech (Ukrainian: ,Zaporozka Sich) original Slavonic name Zaporizhska Sich was the center of the Cossacks of Zaporizhzhia. ... Treaty of Andrusovo, 1667 (Polish Rozejm w Andruszowie, Russian Андрусовское перемирие, Ukrainian Андрусівське перемиря), a truce for 13,5 years between Russia and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which were at war since 1654 over the territories of modern day Ukraine and Belarus. ...

Other

• In 2001, the British government proposed sharing sovereignty of Gibraltar with Spain, but this was decisively rejected by the people of Gibraltar in a referendum in 2002.

This article is about the year. ... Sovereignty is the exclusive right to have control over an area of governance, people, or oneself. ... Elections Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A referendum (plural referendums or referenda), ballot question, or plebiscite (from Latin plebiscita, originally a decree of the Concilium Plebis) is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ...

See also

• Dependent area
• Protectorate
• Suzerainty
• Principality
  • Andorra
  • Åland
  • Liechtenstein
  • Monaco
• Free city

Dependent areas are territories that for some reason do not enjoy full independence or sovereignty as states. ... This article is about states protected and/or dominated by a foreign power. ... Suzerainty (pronounced or ) is a situation in which a region or people is a tributary to a more powerful entity which allows the tributary some limited domestic autonomy to control its foreign affairs. ... A principality is a monarchical feudatory or sovereign state, ruled or reigned over by a Monarch with the title of prince or princess (a synonym is princedom) or (in the widest sense) a Monarch with another title within the generic use of the term prince. ... “Aland” redirects here. ... A city-state is a region controlled exclusively by a city. ...

Sources and references

(incomplete)

• WorldStatesmen- see each present country
• Catholic encyclopaedia passim