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Condottieri (singular condottiero) were mercenary leaders employed by Italian city-states from the late Middle Ages until the mid-sixteenth century. A mercenary is a soldier who fights, or engages in warfare primarily for private gain, usually with little regard for ideological, national or political considerations. ...
A city-state is a region controlled exclusively by a city. ...
Unidentified Condottiere, dated 1475, Antonello da Messina, Louvre Source http://www. ...
Unidentified Condottiere, dated 1475, Antonello da Messina, Louvre Source http://www. ...
Portrait, called the Condottiere, dated 1475 (Louvre) Antonello da Messina (c. ...
The main courtyard of the Louvre. ...
History
In the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries Italian city-states were becoming enriched by their trade with the Orient. These cities, such as Venice, Florence, and Genoa, had woefully small armies and were increasingly becoming targets of attack by foreign powers as well as envious neighbors. The noblemen ruling the cities soon resorted to hiring companies of mercenaries known as condotta ("contract") to defend their territories. Each condotta was led by a condottiere, term which soon became synonymous with "captain". (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ...
This 14th-century statue from south India depicts the gods Shiva (on the left) and Uma (on the right). ...
A city-state is a region controlled exclusively by a city. ...
The Levant Levant is an imprecise geographical term historically referring to a large area in the Middle East south of the Taurus Mountains, bounded by the Mediterranean Sea on the west, and by the northern Arabian Desert and Upper Mesopotamia to the east. ...
Location within Italy Venice (Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venexia) 45°26′N 12°19′E, the city of canals, is the capital of the region of Veneto and of the province of Venice in Italy. ...
Founded 59 BC as Florentia Region Tuscany Mayor Leonardo Domenici (Democratici di Sinistra) Area - City Proper 102 km² Population - City (2004) - Metropolitan - Density (city proper) 356,000 almost 500,000 3,453/km² Time zone CET, UTC+1 Latitude Longitude 43°47 N 11°15 E www. ...
Location within Italy Christopher Columbus monument in Piazza Aquaverde Genoa (Italian Genova, Genoese Zena, French Gênes, German Genua, Spanish Génova, Galician Xénova) is a city and a seaport in northern Italy, the capital of the Province of Genoa and of the region of Liguria. ...
The very first of these bands (called in Italy masnada, plural masnade) appeared between the end of the thirteenth and the beginning of fourteenth centuries and were not of Italian origin. Soldiers came mainly from Germany, Brabant (brabanzoni), Aragon and Catalonia: the last, for example, had come to Italy following King Peter of Aragon in the October 1282 and had remained there afterward searching for employers. Other mercenaries came in 1333 alongside John of Bohemia, and therefore served Perugia in his war against Arezzo with the name Compagnia della Colomba ("Dove Company"). Some of these masnade were merely a grouping of bandits and other desperate men. (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ...
This 14th-century statue from south India depicts the gods Shiva (on the left) and Uma (on the right). ...
Historically, Brabant has been the name of several administrative entities in the Low Countries with quite different geographical extent: as Carolingian shire (pagus Bracbatensis), located between the rivers Scheldt and Dijle (between 9th-11th century); as landgraviat: the part of the shire between the rivers Dender and Dijle (from 1085...
Capital Zaragoza Area – Total – % of Spain Ranked 4th 47 719 km² 9,4% Population – Total (2003) – % of Spain – Density Ranked 11th 1 217 514 2,9% 25,51/km² Demonym – English – Spanish Aragonese aragonés Statute of Autonomy August 16, 1982 ISO 3166-2 AR Parliamentary representation – Congress seats – Senate...
Capital Barcelona Official languages Catalan and Spanish In Val dAran, also Aranese. ...
Look up October in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
For broader historical context, see 1280s and 13th century. ...
Events End of the Kamakura period and beginning of the Kemmu restoration in Japan. ...
John the Blind of Luxemburg (August 10, 1296 - August 26, 1346) was King of Bohemia and Count of Luxemburg. ...
Perugia is the capital city in the region of Umbria in central Italy, near the Tiber river, and the capital of the province of Perugia. ...
Church of Santa Maria della Pieve Arezzo is an old city in central Italy, capital of the province of the same name, located in Tuscany. ...
Later these bands were joined by the first true organized Ventura Companies, those of Duke Werner of Urslingen and count Konrad von Landau. The Italian noble Lodrisio Visconti countered by creating the "Company of St. George". Werner's company differed from the previous ones by a code of laws which imposed a rigid discipline and an equal division of income. This company was increased until it turned into the fearsome "Great Company", which had up to 3,000 barbute, each barbuta including a knight and a sergeant.
The bands of condottieri became notorious for their caprice. They would often change sides to a higher paying rival before or even during battle. They soon realized that they held a monopoly on military power in Italy and began dictating terms to their ostensible employers. Many, such as Braccio da Montone and Muzio Sforza, became powerful political figures in the fourteenth century. The condottieri also became reluctant to place themselves or their men in harm's way and began fighting each other in grandiose but often pointless and nearly bloodless "battles". They still retained grand armored knights and mediaeval weapons and tactics long after the rest of Europe had converted to more modern armies composed of pikemen and musketeers. Condottieri were mercenary leaders employed by Italian city-states from the late Middle Ages until the mid-fifteenth century. ...
Muzio Attendolo Sforza Muzio Sforza (1369-1424) an Italian Condottieri of the 14th century. ...
A pike is a pole weapon once used extensively by infantry principally as a counter-measure against cavalry assaults. ...
A musket is a muzzle-loaded, smooth-bore long gun. ...
Cola di Rienzo had Werner executed in Rome in 1347, and Landau took over the Great Company. Landau, betrayed by his Hungarian soldiers, was defeated in 1362 by Albert Sterz and John Hawkwood's "White Company", which used more advanced combat tactics and formations. The barbuta was replaced by the lancia comprising three men: a capo-lancia and groom, both mounting a battle horse, plus a boy using a lesser quality horse. Five lance formed a posta, five poste a bandiera ("flag"). Now as many the condottieri comprised as many Italian companies as foreign, creating soon a host of national companies: they included the Astorre Manfredi's Compagnia della Stella ("Star's company"), a new Company of St. George under Ambrogio Visconti, Niccolò da Montefeltro's Compagnia del Cappelletto ("Little Hat Company"), and Giovanni da Buscareto and Bartolomeo Gonzaga's Compagnia della Rosa, the last using a name of its own. Cola di Rienzi (c. ...
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Centuries: 13th century - 14th century - 15th century Decades: 1310s 1320s 1330s 1340s 1350s - 1360s - 1370s 1380s 1390s 1400s 1410s Years: 1357 1358 1359 1360 1361 - 1362 - 1363 1364 1365 1366 1367 See also: 1362 state leaders Events Under Edward III, English replaces French as Englands national language, for the...
Sir John Hawkwood (1320-1394) was an English mercenary or condottiere known to Jean Froissart as Haccoude and to Macchiavelli as Giovanni Acuto. ...
From the 15th century onward the companies' leaders were mainly Italian: they were nobles who for some reason had not been able to succeed in their lands and had therefore chosen the fighting life. In that century, the most famous condottiero was Giovanni dalle Bande Nere from Forlì, son of Caterina Sforza. He also known as "the last condottiero" (but that means "the last famous condottiero"). His son was Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany. (14th century - 15th century - 16th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 15th century was that century which lasted from 1401 to 1500. ...
Forlì, 44°13′N 12°02′E, is a comune and city in Emilia-Romagna, Italy, famed as the birthplace of the great painter Melozzo da Forlì and of Fascist leader Benito Mussolini (at Predappio). ...
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
Cosimo I de Medici in Armour by Agnolo Bronzino Cosimo I de Medici (June 12, 1519, Florence [1] – April 21, 1574, Castello) was the first Grand Duke of Tuscany, ruling from 1537 to 1574, during the waning days of the Renaissance. ...
Sometimes even princes fought for some periods as condottieri in order to increase their revenues: the most notable cases are Sigismondo Malatesta, lord of Rimini, and Federico da Montefeltro, duke of Urbino. Incomes were high indeed, though it should be noted that inflation was high in Italy during the period: Portrait of Sigismondo Malatesta by Piero della Francesca Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta (1417 – 1468) (the wolf of Rimini) was lord of Rimini, Fano, and Cesena from 1432. ...
Riminis skyline. ...
Fedrico da Montefeltro painted by Piero della Francesca Federico da Montefeltro (1422–1482) was one of the most successful condottieri of the Italian Renaissance, a fighter for hire who created one of the great libraries, perhaps the largest of Italy after the Vatican, with his own team of scribes in...
Panorama of Urbino with the cathedral and the palazzo ducale Urbino is a city in the Marche in Italy, southwest of Pesaro, a World Heritage Site with a great cultural history during the Renaissance as the seat of Federico da Montefeltro. ...
- 1,900 florins a month in 1432: Micheletto Attendolo from Florence
- 6,600 florins a month in 1448: Guglielmo of Monferrato from Francesco Sforza of Milan (the pay of the troops was only half this sum)
- 33,000 scudi a year for 250 men in 1505: Francesco Gonzaga from Florence
- 100,000 scudi a year for 200 men in the same year: Francesco Maria della Rovere also from Florence
The leaders of these new condottieri companies were not chosen by their men, but viceversa. The condotta become a consolidated form of contract. When the contract period (ferma) ceased, the company must wait another period called aspetto ("wait") in which the State kept the possibility of renewing it. If the contract ended in a definitive way, the condottiero could not declare war upon the other contracting party before two years had passed. Florin may be any of these modern coins: Netherlands Antilles florin. ...
Events June 1 - Battle of San Romano - Florence defeats Siena foundation of Université de Caen In the end of the Hook and Cod wars, Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut and Holland is forced by Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, to abdicate all her estates in his favour; end of Hainaut...
Founded 59 BC as Florentia Region Tuscany Mayor Leonardo Domenici (Democratici di Sinistra) Area - City Proper 102 km² Population - City (2004) - Metropolitan - Density (city proper) 356,000 almost 500,000 3,453/km² Time zone CET, UTC+1 Latitude Longitude 43°47 N 11°15 E www. ...
Events January 5/ 6 - Christopher of Bavaria, Norway and Sweden dies with no designated heir leaving all three kingdoms with vacant thrones. ...
Portrait of Francesco Sforza, ca 1460, by Bonifazio Bembo: Sforza insisted on being shown in his worn dirty old campaigning hat. ...
Milan (Italian: Milano; Milanese dialect: Milán) is the main city in northern Italy, and is located in the plains of Lombardy, the most populated and developed region in Italy. ...
The scudo was a coin used in Italy in past times, whose name derives from the French golden écu, created during the reign of Louis IX. From the 18th century, the name was used in Italy for large silver coins sporting the sovereigns insignas. ...
1505 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Founded 59 BC as Florentia Region Tuscany Mayor Leonardo Domenici (Democratici di Sinistra) Area - City Proper 102 km² Population - City (2004) - Metropolitan - Density (city proper) 356,000 almost 500,000 3,453/km² Time zone CET, UTC+1 Latitude Longitude 43°47 N 11°15 E www. ...
Founded 59 BC as Florentia Region Tuscany Mayor Leonardo Domenici (Democratici di Sinistra) Area - City Proper 102 km² Population - City (2004) - Metropolitan - Density (city proper) 356,000 almost 500,000 3,453/km² Time zone CET, UTC+1 Latitude Longitude 43°47 N 11°15 E www. ...
The condotta was also applied for sea mercenaries. This was called contratto d'assento, and assentisti were the captains and venturers hired in this way. These were mainly used by Genoa and the Papal States from the 14th century. Venice instead considered it a humiliating way to hire sailors and never used it, even in the most dangerous periods of her history. Location within Italy Christopher Columbus monument in Piazza Aquaverde Genoa (Italian Genova, Genoese Zena, French Gênes, German Genua, Spanish Génova, Galician Xénova) is a city and a seaport in northern Italy, the capital of the Province of Genoa and of the region of Liguria. ...
The Papal States (Gli Stati della Chiesa or Stati Pontificii, States of the Church) was one of the major historical states of Italy before the boot-shaped peninsula was unified under the Piedmontese crown of Savoy (later a republic). ...
This 14th-century statue from south India depicts the gods Shiva (on the left) and Uma (on the right). ...
Location within Italy Venice (Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venexia) 45°26′N 12°19′E, the city of canals, is the capital of the region of Veneto and of the province of Venice in Italy. ...
The condottieri were masters of the battles fought in Italy for the whole 15th century. However, as time passed, the financial interests and the increasing political role the captains were playing led to some serious drawbacks: often the condottieri behaved treacherously and tended to solve the clashes by bribing or asking for bribes themselves instead of combat. The condotta being such a lucrative activity, the contenders had little interest to risk their army in a bloody clash: if a pitched battle was unavoidable, they tended to avoid heavy losses and leave the field preserving as much as possible of the army. (14th century - 15th century - 16th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 15th century was that century which lasted from 1401 to 1500. ...
The end of condottieri age began in 1494 with the first great foreign invasion in more than a century: Charles VIII's national French army proved quite a match for the divided Italian states and smaller condottieri armies. Charles also introduced the massive use of artillery, which the condottieri could not withstand. Some of the most renowned condottieri chose therefore to fight for foreign powers: Gian Giacomo Trivulzio, for example, abandoned Milan for France, while Andrea Doria became admiral of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles. 1494 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Charles VIII the Affable (French: Charles VIII lAffable) (June 30, 1470 – April 7, 1498) was King of France from 1483 to his death. ...
French soldiers of the IFOR in Mostar, 1995. ...
Gian Giacomo Trivulzio (1441-1518) was a Milanese aristocrat who held several military commands during the Italian Wars. ...
Milan (Italian: Milano; Milanese dialect: Milán) is the main city in northern Italy, and is located in the plains of Lombardy, the most populated and developed region in Italy. ...
For the ship of the same name, see SS Andrea Doria. ...
The Holy Roman Emperor was, with some variation, the ruler of the Holy Roman Empire, the predecessor of modern Germany, during its existence from the 10th century until its collapse in 1806. ...
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain. ...
The lavishly adorned but ineffective condottieri were increasingly powerless against the armies of the nations of Western Europe that flooded into Italy in the 16th century, during the Italian Wars. The condottieri were no more a match for the Swiss pikemen, German Landsknechts, English musketeers, French cavalry or Spanish tercios. A common understanding of Western Europe in modern times Western Europe was largely defined by the Cold War, with the Iron Curtain separating it from Eastern Europe (Warsaw Pact countries). ...
(15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ...
Combatants {{{combatant1}}} {{{combatant2}}} Commanders {{{commander1}}} {{{commander2}}} Strength {{{strength1}}} {{{strength2}}} Casualties {{{casualties1}}} {{{casualties2}}} {{{notes}}} The Italian Wars involved all the major states of western Europe from 1494 to 1559: France, Spain, the Holy Roman Empire, England, Scotland, the Republic of Venice, the Papal States, and most of the city-states of...
Landsknechts (German, Land land, country + Knecht servant: i. ...
Tercio was a term used by the Spanish army to describe a mixed infantry formation of about 3,000 pikemen and musketeers, sometimes referred to by other nations as a Spanish Square. ...
The condotta had disappeared by 1550. The term condottiero remained to indicate great Italian generals mainly fighting for foreign states. Figures like Marcantonio II Colonna and Raimondo Montecuccoli were prominent well into the sixteenth and the seventeenth centuries. Events February 7 - Julius III becomes Pope. ...
Raimondo, Count of Montecuccoli or Montecucculi (born February 21, 1608 or 1609 at the castle of Montecucculo in Modena; died October 16, 1680 at Linz) was prince of the holy Roman Empire and Neapolitan duke of Melfi, Austrian general. ...
(15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ...
(16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ...
Famous condottieri - Main article: List of condottieri
Condottieri (singular condottiero) were mercenary leaders employed by Italian city-states from the late Middle Ages until the mid-sixteenth century. ...
Sigismondo Malatesta, lord of Rimini, by Piero della Francesca (Louvre) Source: http://www. ...
Sigismondo Malatesta, lord of Rimini, by Piero della Francesca (Louvre) Source: http://www. ...
The Baptism of Christ, 1442 (National Gallery, London) Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Piero della Francesca Piero della Francesca was an Italian artist of the Early Renaissance. ...
Malatesta da Verucchio (1212 - 1312) was the founder of the powerful Malatesta family and a famous condottiere. ...
An ancient portrait of Castruccio Castracani. ...
Lucca is a city in Tuscany, northern central Italy, situated on the river Serchio in a fertile plain near (but not on) the Ligurian Sea. ...
Sir John Hawkwood (1320-1394) was an English mercenary or condottiere known to Jean Froissart as Haccoude and to Macchiavelli as Giovanni Acuto. ...
Giovanni Ordelaffi (Forlì, 1355-1399) was a member of the noble family of Ordelaffi, the Lords of Forlì, in Italy, in the XIV century and in the XV century. ...
Forlì, 44°13′N 12°02′E, is a comune and city in Emilia-Romagna, Italy, famed as the birthplace of the great painter Melozzo da Forlì and of Fascist leader Benito Mussolini (at Predappio). ...
Events January 7 - Portuguese king Afonso IV sends three men to kill Ines de Castro, beloved of his son prince Pedro - Pedro revolts and incites a civil war April - Philip of Anjou marries Mary of Naples, daughter of Charles of Valois, duke of Calabria, and Mary of Valois Scots defeat...
Events September 30 - Accession of Henry IV of England October 13 - Coronation of Henry IV of England November 1 - Accession of John VI, Duke of Brittany Births William Canynge, English merchant (approximate date; died 1474) Zara Yaqob, Emperor of Ethiopia (died 1468) Deaths January 4 - Nicolau Aymerich, Catalan theologian and...
Condottieri were mercenary leaders employed by Italian city-states from the late Middle Ages until the mid-fifteenth century. ...
Muzio Attendolo Sforza Muzio Sforza (1369-1424) an Italian Condottieri of the 14th century. ...
Sforza was a ruling family of Renaissance Italy, based in Milan. ...
Giovanni Maria Vitelleschi (born at Corneto Tarquinia - died at Rome, April 1 or 2, 1440), the fighting bishop of Recanati (from 1431), afterwards made a cardinal, was the condottiere-bishop who was commander of the papal armies of Pope Eugenius IV when the Colonna faction at Rome, infuriated by the...
Erasmo of Narni (1370 - 1443), better known as Gattamelata, was was among the most famous of the condottieri or mercenaries in the Italian Renaissance. ...
Portrait Niccolò Piccinino (1386 - 1444), Italian condottiere, born at Perugia, was the son of a butcher. ...
Francesco Bussone da Carmagnola (1390 - May 5, 1432), Italian soldier of fortune, was born at Carmagnola near Turin, and began his military career when twelve years old under Facino Cane, a condottiere then in the service of Gian Galeazzo Visconti, duke of Milan. ...
Scaramuccia da Forlì (?, Forlì, Italy - 1450) was an Italian condottiero active in the first half of the 15th century. ...
Events March - French troops under Guy de Richemont besiege the English commander in France, Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset, in Caen April 15 - Battle of Formigny. ...
Portrait of Francesco Sforza, ca 1460, by Bonifazio Bembo: Sforza insisted on being shown in his worn dirty old campaigning hat. ...
Portrait of Sigismondo Malatesta by Piero della Francesca Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta (1417 – 1468) (the wolf of Rimini) was lord of Rimini, Fano, and Cesena from 1432. ...
Bartolomeo Colleoni (1400-1475), Italian condottiere (soldier of fortune), was born at Bergamo. ...
Fedrico da Montefeltro painted by Piero della Francesca Federico da Montefeltro (1422–1482) was one of the most successful condottieri of the Italian Renaissance, a fighter for hire who created one of the great libraries, perhaps the largest of Italy after the Vatican, with his own team of scribes in...
Cesare Borgia // Cesare Borgia (September 18, 1475 – March 12, 1507), Duke of Valentinois, and Romagna, Prince of Andria and Venafri, Count of Dyois, Lord of Piombino, Camerino and Urbino, Gonfalonier and Captain-General of Holy Church the son of Rodrigo Borgia, the future Pope Alexander VI and Vannozza dei Cattani. ...
Bartolomeo dAlviano (1455-1515) was an eminent Venetian general and captain who distinguished himself in the defence of the republic against the Emperor Maximilian. ...
Gian Giacomo Trivulzio (1441-1518) was a Milanese aristocrat who held several military commands during the Italian Wars. ...
Main battles of condottieri - Battle of Forlì (1282) - a French army, for the Pope, against Guido da Montefeltro, for Forlì
- Battle of Montecatini (1314)
- Battle of Parabiago (1340 - Lodrisio Visconti's "Company of St. George", for Verona, against Luchino Visconti and Ettore da Panigo for Milan.
- Cesena Bloodbath (1377) - Papal and Breton mercenaries under John Hawkwood slaughters more than 2,000 citizens of Cesena.
- Battle of Castagnaro (1387) - Giovanni Ordelaffi, for Verona, against John Hawkwood, for Padova
- Battle of Alessandria (1391) - Jacopo dal Verme, for Milan, against John Hawkwood, for Florence
- Battle of Casalecchio (1402) - Alberico da Barbiano, for Milan, against Muzio Attendolo and others for the Bolognese-Florentine league.
- Battle of Sant'Egidio (1416) - Braccio da Montone, for himself, against Carlo I Malatesta, for Perugia
- Battle of Maclodio (1427) - Count of Carmagnola, for Venice, against Carlo I Malatesta, for Milan
- Battle of San Romano (1432) - Niccolò da Tolentino, for Florence, against Francesco Piccinino, for Siena
- Battle of Anghiari (1440) - Niccolò Piccinino, for Milan, against Florence, Papal States and Venice, under Micheletto Attendolo
- Battle of Fornovo (1495) - Italian League against Charles VIII of France
- Battle of Agnadello (1509) - Bartolomeo d'Alviano, for Venice, against France and Italian League
- Battle of Pavia (1525) - Spain against France
For broader historical context, see 1280s and 13th century. ...
Forlì, 44°13′N 12°02′E, is a comune and city in Emilia-Romagna, Italy, famed as the birthplace of the great painter Melozzo da Forlì and of Fascist leader Benito Mussolini (at Predappio). ...
The Battle of Montecatini was fought on August 29, 1315 between the city of Pisa, and the forces of both Naples and Florence. ...
Events June 24 - Battle of Bannockburn. ...
Events Europe has about 74 million inhabitants. ...
Map of Italy showing Verona in the north Verona (population est. ...
Luchino Visconti, Duke of Modrone (November 2, 1906 - March 17, 1976) was an Italian theatre and cinema director and writer. ...
Milan (Italian: Milano; Milanese dialect: Milán) is the main city in northern Italy, and is located in the plains of Lombardy, the most populated and developed region in Italy. ...
Events January 17 – Gregory XI enters Rome. ...
The Papal States (Gli Stati della Chiesa or Stati Pontificii, States of the Church) was one of the major historical states of Italy before the boot-shaped peninsula was unified under the Piedmontese crown of Savoy (later a republic). ...
Capital Rennes Area 27,209 km² Regional President Jean-Yves Le Drian (PS) (since 2004) Population - 2004 estimate - 1999 census - Density (Ranked 7th) 3,011,000 2,906,197 111/km² (2004) Arrondissements 15 Cantons 201 Communes 1,268 Départements Côtes-dArmor Ille-et-Vilaine Morbihan Finist...
Sir John Hawkwood (1320-1394) was an English mercenary or condottiere known to Jean Froissart as Haccoude and to Macchiavelli as Giovanni Acuto. ...
Cesena (ancient Caesena) is a city in the Italy, south of Ravenna and west of Rimini, on the Savio River, population (july 2004) 93,110, co-chief of the Province of Forli-Cesena. ...
Events June 2 - John Holland, a maternal half-brother of Richard II of England, is created Earl of Huntingdon. ...
Giovanni Ordelaffi (Forlì, 1355-1399) was a member of the noble family of Ordelaffi, the Lords of Forlì, in Italy, in the XIV century and in the XV century. ...
Sir John Hawkwood (1320-1394) was an English mercenary or condottiere known to Jean Froissart as Haccoude and to Macchiavelli as Giovanni Acuto. ...
Tronco Maestro Riviera: a pedestrian walk along a section of the inland waterway or naviglio interno of Padua The city of Padua (Lat. ...
Events August 5 - Anti-Jewish riots erupt in Toledo, Spain and Barcelona. ...
Milan (Italian: Milano; Milanese dialect: Milán) is the main city in northern Italy, and is located in the plains of Lombardy, the most populated and developed region in Italy. ...
Sir John Hawkwood (1320-1394) was an English mercenary or condottiere known to Jean Froissart as Haccoude and to Macchiavelli as Giovanni Acuto. ...
Founded 59 BC as Florentia Region Tuscany Mayor Leonardo Domenici (Democratici di Sinistra) Area - City Proper 102 km² Population - City (2004) - Metropolitan - Density (city proper) 356,000 almost 500,000 3,453/km² Time zone CET, UTC+1 Latitude Longitude 43°47 N 11°15 E www. ...
The Battle of Casalecchio took place on June 26, 1402 near the town of Casalecchio di Reno, near Bologna. ...
Events September 14 - Battle of Homildon Hill. ...
Milan (Italian: Milano; Milanese dialect: Milán) is the main city in northern Italy, and is located in the plains of Lombardy, the most populated and developed region in Italy. ...
Events May 30 - The Catholic Church burns Jerome of Prague as a heretic. ...
Condottieri were mercenary leaders employed by Italian city-states from the late Middle Ages until the mid-fifteenth century. ...
Perugia is the capital city in the region of Umbria in central Italy, near the Tiber river, and the capital of the province of Perugia. ...
Events Lincoln College, a constituent college of the University of Oxford, is founded. ...
Francesco Bussone da Carmagnola (1390 - May 5, 1432), Italian soldier of fortune, was born at Carmagnola near Turin, and began his military career when twelve years old under Facino Cane, a condottiere then in the service of Gian Galeazzo Visconti, duke of Milan. ...
Location within Italy Venice (Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venexia) 45°26′N 12°19′E, the city of canals, is the capital of the region of Veneto and of the province of Venice in Italy. ...
Milan (Italian: Milano; Milanese dialect: Milán) is the main city in northern Italy, and is located in the plains of Lombardy, the most populated and developed region in Italy. ...
The battle of San Romano was fought in 1432 between the troops of Florence and Siena. ...
Events June 1 - Battle of San Romano - Florence defeats Siena foundation of Université de Caen In the end of the Hook and Cod wars, Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut and Holland is forced by Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, to abdicate all her estates in his favour; end of Hainaut...
Founded 59 BC as Florentia Region Tuscany Mayor Leonardo Domenici (Democratici di Sinistra) Area - City Proper 102 km² Population - City (2004) - Metropolitan - Density (city proper) 356,000 almost 500,000 3,453/km² Time zone CET, UTC+1 Latitude Longitude 43°47 N 11°15 E www. ...
This page is about Siena, Italy. ...
For alternative meanings, see number 1440. ...
Portrait Niccolò Piccinino (1386 - 1444), Italian condottiere, born at Perugia, was the son of a butcher. ...
Milan (Italian: Milano; Milanese dialect: Milán) is the main city in northern Italy, and is located in the plains of Lombardy, the most populated and developed region in Italy. ...
Founded 59 BC as Florentia Region Tuscany Mayor Leonardo Domenici (Democratici di Sinistra) Area - City Proper 102 km² Population - City (2004) - Metropolitan - Density (city proper) 356,000 almost 500,000 3,453/km² Time zone CET, UTC+1 Latitude Longitude 43°47 N 11°15 E www. ...
The Papal States (Gli Stati della Chiesa or Stati Pontificii, States of the Church) was one of the major historical states of Italy before the boot-shaped peninsula was unified under the Piedmontese crown of Savoy (later a republic). ...
Location within Italy Venice (Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venexia) 45°26′N 12°19′E, the city of canals, is the capital of the region of Veneto and of the province of Venice in Italy. ...
The Battle of Fornovo took place in July 1495 during the Italian Wars. ...
1495 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Charles VIII the Affable (French: Charles VIII lAffable) (June 30, 1470 – April 7, 1498) was King of France from 1483 to his death. ...
The Battle of Agnadello was the one of the more significant battles of the War of the League of Cambrai, and one of the major battles of the Italian Wars. ...
1509 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Bartolomeo dAlviano (1455-1515) was an eminent Venetian general and captain who distinguished himself in the defence of the republic against the Emperor Maximilian. ...
Location within Italy Venice (Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venexia) 45°26′N 12°19′E, the city of canals, is the capital of the region of Veneto and of the province of Venice in Italy. ...
Combatants France Spain, Holy Roman Empire Commanders François I, Louis de la Trémoille Fernando de Avalos Strength 17,000 infantry 6,500 cavalry 53 guns 19,000 infantry 4,000 cavalry 17 guns Casualties 12,000 dead or wounded 500 dead or wounded In 1525 during the Battle...
Events January 21 - The Swiss Anabaptist Movement was born when Conrad Grebel, Felix Manz, George Blaurock, and about a dozen others baptized each other in the home of Manzs mother on Neustadt-Gasse, Zürich, breaking a thousand-year tradition of church-state union. ...
Sources - Ercole Ricotti, Storia delle compagnie di ventura in Italia, 4 vols., Torino 1844-1845
- Michael Mallett, Mercenaries and their Masters: Warfare in Renaissance Italy, Rowman and Littlefield, 1974
- Claudio Rendina, I Capitani di Ventura, Newton Compton, 1992
External links - Condottieri di ventura - a complete database about Condottieri operating in Italy between 1300 - 1550
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