Confederation of Mountain Peoples of the Caucasus (Russian: Конфедерация горских народов Кавказа) is a militarized political organization composed of militants from the North Caucasian republics of the Russian Federation. This controversial organization, later renamed into the Confederation of the Peoples of the Caucasus (CPC), was formed on the eve of the Soviet Union’s collapse in 1990. The Confederation and its mercenaries are primarily known for their key role in the Abkhaz-Georgian conflict and the contribution to the secessionists’ victory in the 1992-1993 hostilities. The CPC has been accused of committing war crimes and ethnic cleansing of Georgians during the conflict in Abkhazia. These allegations are currently investigated by International Criminal Court in Hague. The CPC persist to this day, but plays no role in the current political situation. North Caucasus in Russia The North Caucasus (sometimes referred to as Ciscaucasia or Ciscaucasus) is the northern part of the Caucasus region between Europe and Asia. ... This article is about the year. ... The neutrality of this article is disputed. ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... Official languages Abkhaz², Russian¹ Georgian ¹ Used by the de-facto separatist government ² According to the Constitution of Georgia Political status De Facto: Independent De Jure (internationally recognized): Autonomous Republic within Georgia Capital Sukhumi Capitals coordinates President¹ Sergei Bagapsh Prime Minister¹ Alexander Ankvab ¹ De-facto separatist government Chairman of the... Official logo of the ICC. The International Criminal Court (ICC) was established in 2002 as a permanent tribunal to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes, as defined by several international agreements, most prominently the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. ... Arms of The Hague The Hague (with capital T; Dutch: Den Haag, or officially s-Gravenhage) is the administrative capital of the Netherlands, located in the west of the country, in the province South Holland of which it is also the capital. ...

Creation

On November 4, 1990 in Nalchik the Assembly of North Caucasian Peoples voted on establishment of "Mountain Peoples Confederacy." 16 nations of Caucasus joined the Confederation. The Assembly elected the president (M. Shanibov) and 16 vice-presidents. Legislation function took the Caucasian Parliament, with the elected Chairman I. Soslanbekov. Coat of arms of Nalchik Nalchik (Russian and Karachay-Balkar: На́льчик [Nal’čik], Kabardian: Налшык [Nalšyk]) is a city in the Caucasus region of southern Russia and capital of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic. ...

War in Abkhazia

In 1991 the Confederation interfered into Abkhaz-Georgian relations, asking the Russian Federation to "give political evaluation to the situation" which obviously was a call for punitive measures.

At the end of August of 1992 the Confederation held the 11th Session of Parliament in Grozny to discuss the Abkhazian issue. A clear purpose of the establishment of this organization became obvious after this Session. With full support both financially and militarily by the Russian Government, the Confederation created assault detachments of "volunteers" who were later deployed in Abkhazia during the war. The Confederacy expressed enmity and hostility to Georgia and her Government by declaring: "…to use all possible methods against Georgian invaders". Grozny (Russian: ) is the capital of the Chechen Republic in Russia. ...

Dead Confederates near Shroma.

The Central Headquarters of the Confederation led by Iysuph Soslanbekov had been in charged to implement practical measures against the "enemies of Abkhazian people". These included all ethnic peoples of Abkhazia who did not agree with separatist agenda or have sided with the Georgians. These measures became apparent during the storming operation of Gagra where thousands of civilians were massacred. Gagra, View from the Black Sea Gagra is a city in the Abkhazia region of western Georgia, sprawling for 5 km on the northeast coast of the Black Sea, at the foot of the Caucasus Mountains. ...

The president of the Confederation Musa Shanibov and the chairman of the parliament Iysuph Soslanbekov made an official statement: "As there is no other way to withdraw Georgian occupants' army from Abkhazia, we order: 1. All headquarters of the Confederation have to dispatch the mercenaries to the territory of Abkhazia to put military resistance. 2. Military formations of the Confederation have to conduct military operations against any forces to suspend their movement to Abkhazia. 3. Announce Tbilisi as a zone of disaster. 4. All Georgian nationals on the territory of Confederation are to be taken hostage. 5. All type of cargoes directed to Georgia shall be detained. 6. Report about readiness is to be sent to the headquarter by August 22, 1992".

On October 3, Abkhazian and Confederate formations launched a full scale attack on villages of Kamani and Shroma (near Gumista River). The Georgian side repelled the attack.

Sukhumi Massacre

On Setpember 27, 1993 the Abkhaz side violated the UN agreement on cease-fire (Georgian side has agreed to pull out all heavy artillery and tanks from Sukhumi in return for cease-fire) by storming defenceless Sukhumi. The Confederates moved in Sukhumi and started to sweep through streets of the city. As the city was engulfed by heavy fighting, civilians took refuge in abandoned houses and apartment buildings. After discovery by the Confederates, most of the civilians of Georgian ethnicity were massacred. By late afternoon the remainder of Georgian troops surrendered to the Abkhaz side. Majority of Georgian POWs were executed on the same day by Abkhaz formations and Confederates. Few civilians and military personnel managed to survived the massacre. The massacre continued for two weeks after the fall of Sukhumi. This article is about the United Nations, for other uses of UN see UN (disambiguation) Official languages English, French, Spanish, Russian, Chinese, Arabic Secretary-General Kofi Annan (since 1997) Established October 24, 1945 Member states 191 Headquarters New York City, NY, USA Official site http://www. ...

Later history

Following the Abkhazian war, the Confederation went into a period of decline due largely to the feuds among its pro- and anti-Kremlin factions. It experienced a brief revival in December 1994, when Shanibov rallied thousands across the North Caucasus to block roads to the Russian forces heading to Grozny. However, the change of power in Shanibov’s home republic, Kabardino-Balkaria, in favor of strongly pro-Moscow leader, prevented him from exerting any political influence in the region, forcing him to retire from politics in 1996. Since then, the organization has had no role in the Caucasus affairs^[1]. It never disbanded, but has been completely inactive since Shanibov’s successor, Yusup Soslambekov, was assassinated in Moscow on July 27, 2000^[2]. 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated like the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal. // Events January Bill Clinton January 1 : North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) goes into effect. ... Grozny (Russian: ) is the capital of the Chechen Republic in Russia. ... The Kabardino-Balkar Republic or Kabardino-Balkaria (Russian: ; Kabardian: Къэбэрдей-Балъкъэр Республикэ; Balkar: Къабарты-Малкъар Республика) is a federal subject of the Russian Federation (a republic), located in the northern Caucasus. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ...

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