Constantine II (in Bulgarian, Konstantin II), ruled as emperor (tsar) of Bulgaria in Vidin 1397-1422. He was born in the early 1370s, and died in exile at the Serbian court on September 17, 1422. (Constantine II claimed the title Emperor of Bulgaria and was accepted as such by foreign governments, but he is often omitted from listings of rulers of Bulgaria.) Look up Tsar in Wiktionary, the free dictionary For the US community of Czar, see Czar, West Virginia. ... Vidin (Bulgarian: Видин; Romanian: Vidin, Diiu) is a town on the southern bank of the Danube in northwestern Bulgaria. ... Events February 10 - John Beaufort becomes Earl of Somerset. ... Events August 31 - Henry VI becomes King of England. ... Centuries: 13th century - 14th century - 15th century Decades: 1320s 1330s 1340s 1350s 1360s - 1370s - 1380s 1390s 1400s 1410s 1420s Years: 1370 1371 1372 1373 1374 1375 1376 1377 1378 1379 Events and Trends Mamai was a powerful military commander of Golden Horde, who resided in the western part of this... September 17 is the 260th day of the year (261st in leap years). ... Events August 31 - Henry VI becomes King of England. ...

Life

Constantine II was the son of Ivan Sratsimir (Ivan Sracimir) of Bulgaria by Anna, daughter of prince Nicolae Alexandru of Wallachia. He was crowned co-emperor by his father in or before 1395, when he was sent on a mission to the old Bulgarian capital Tărnovo. Tsar Ivan Stratsimir of Bulgaria was the son of Tsar Ivan Alexander and his first wife Princess Theodora of Wallachia. ... Map of Romania with Wallachia in yellow. ... Events End of reign of Hungary by Capet-Anjou family. ... Veliko Tarnovo (Велико Търново; also transliterated as Veliko Turnovo) is a city in central northern Bulgaria and the administrative centre of Veliko Tarnovo Province. ...

We know almost nothing about Constantine II's circumstances after his father's arrest and imprisonment by Sultan Bayezit I in 1397. The territory of Vidin, or at least some portions of it, appear to have remained under Constantine II's rule almost until his death in 1422. Beyazid I Bayezid I (in Turkish Bayezıt, nicknamed Yıldırım, the Thunderbolt; ca 1354–1403) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1389 to 1402. ... Events February 10 - John Beaufort becomes Earl of Somerset. ... Events August 31 - Henry VI becomes King of England. ...

Together with his cousin Fruzhin (Fružin), a son of Ivan Shishman (Ivan Šišman), Constantine II took advantage of the Ottoman Interregnum to raise an anti-Ottoman revolt in northwestern Bulgaria. Constantine II was also allied to the Serbian prince Stefan Lazarević and the Wallachian prince Mircea I. The anti-Ottoman rebellion lasted for half a decade (1408-1413) and spread to much of Bulgaria until the rebels were defeated by the Ottoman Sultan Musa. Tsar Ivan Shishman of Bulgarian was the son of Tsar Ivan Alexander and his second wife Theodora. ... The Ottoman Interregnum (also known as the Ottoman Triumvirate; Fetret Devri in Turkish) was a period in the beginning of the 15th century when chaos reigned in the Ottoman Empire following the defeat of Sultan Bayezid I in 1402 by the Tatar warlord Tamerlane. ... Despot Stefan Lazarevićs Coat of Arms 1415 AD Despot Stefan Lazarević (in Cyrillic: Стефан Лазаревић) (1374-1427) was the son and heir to Lazar (Cyrillic: Лазар), the Serbian prince who died at the Battle of Kosovo against the Turks in 1389, and princess Milica (Cyrillic: Милица) from the subordinate branch of the Nemanji... Events December 13 - The Order of the Dragon is officially formated under King Sigismund of Hungary. ... // Events March 20 - Henry V becomes King of England Project of Annals of Joseon Dynasty began. ...

The Bulgarians attempted to make up for their losses by siding with Musa's brother and rival Sultan Mehmet I, but the latter's victory did little to improve their situation. After Mehmet I's victory in 1413, Constantine II spent much of his life in Hungary and Serbia. His last possessions in Bulgaria were annexed in 1422, and shortly afterwards Constantine II died at the Serbian court on September 17, 1422. Sultan Mehmet I Mehmed I Çelebi (nicknamed Kirisci, the Executioner) (1389 – May 26, 1421) was a sultan of the Ottoman Empire. ... // Events March 20 - Henry V becomes King of England Project of Annals of Joseon Dynasty began. ... Serbia and Montenegro  â€“ Serbia    â€“ Kosovo        (UN administration)    â€“ Vojvodina  â€“ Montenegro Official language Serbian1 Capital Belgrade Independence Declared from the Ottoman Empire Gained autonomy 1817 Independence July 13, 1878 Area – Total – % water 88,361 km² n/a Population – Total (2002) (not including data for Kosovo and Metohia Province) – Density 7. ... Events August 31 - Henry VI becomes King of England. ... September 17 is the 260th day of the year (261st in leap years). ... Events August 31 - Henry VI becomes King of England. ...

Constantine II was the last emperor of Bulgaria, and his dispossession and death in 1422 marks the end of the Second Bulgarian Empire. The Ottoman conquest had begun in earnest half a century earlier, in 1369, and Ottoman domination would last until 1877. The history of Bulgaria began in the 7th century AD with the arrival of the Bulgars in the Balkans. ... Events King Charles V of France renounces the treaty of Brétigny and war is declared between France and England. ... 1877 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

External links

• Detailed list of Bulgarian rulers

References

• John V.A. Fine, Jr., The Late Medieval Balkans, Ann Arbor, 1987.
• Ivan Tjutjundžiev and Plamen Pavlov, Bălgarskata dăržava i osmanskata ekspanzija 1369–1422, Veliko Tărnovo, 1992.