NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Constantine II of Greece

Constantine of Greece, formerly Constantine II, King of the Hellenes (born June 2, 1940) was King of Greece from 1964 until the abolition of the monarchy in 1974. His title in Greek was Konstantinos II, Vasileus ton Ellinon or Κωνσταντίνος Β', Βασιλεύς των Ελλήνων. He has lived in exile since 1967. File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... March 6 is the 65th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (66th in Leap years). ... 1964 (MCMLXIV) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1964 calendar). ... June 1 is the 152nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (153rd in leap years), with 213 days remaining. ... 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ... June 2 is the 153rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (154th in leap years), with 212 days remaining. ... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ... Psychiko (Greek:Î¨Ï…Ï‡Î¹ÎºÏŒ; older form Psychikon) is a suburb of Athens, Greece. ... Paul, King of the Hellenes (December 14, 1901 - March 6, 1964), was King of Greece from 1947 to 1964. ... Queen Anne-Marie (born Princess Anne-Marie of Denmark Amalienborg Palace, Copenhagen, Denmark, 30 August 1946) is the wife of King Constantine II of Greece, who was deposed by a military coup in 1967. ... Princess Alexia of Greece and Denmark, born 10 July 1965, is the elder daughter and eldest child of King Constantine II of the Hellenes and his wife Queen Anna-Marie (nÃ©e Princess Anne-Marie Dagmar Ingrid of Denmark who is the youngest daughter of King Frederick IX of Denmark... Prince Pavlos, Crown Prince of Greece, Prince of Denmark is the eldest son of Constantine II, King of the Hellenes from 1964 to 1973. ... Prince Nikolaos of Greece and Denmark (born 1 October 1969) is the second son and third child of King Constantine, the former king of Greece and Queen Anne-Marie, who was born a Princess of Denmark as the youngest daughter of the late King Frederik IX of Denmark and Queen... Princess Theodora of Greece and Denmark (b. ... This article discusses Prince Philippos of Greece & Denmark, a name and title which has also belonged to Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. ... The House of Oldenburg is a North German noble family and one of Europes most influential Royal Houses. ... Paul, King of the Hellenes (December 14, 1901 - March 6, 1964), was King of Greece from 1947 to 1964. ... Frederika of Hanover (Friederike Luise Thyra Viktoria Margarete Sophie Olga Cecile Isabelle Christa, Princess of Hanover, Duchess of Brunswick and Lunenburg) 1917-1981 was Queen Consort of King Paul I of the Hellenes (1947-1964) as Queen Frideriki of the Hellenes Frederika was born on April 18, 1917 in Blankenburg... This article or section should include material from Greeks According to Thucydides, Hellenes were the people of Hellas. ... June 2 is the 153rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (154th in leap years), with 212 days remaining. ... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ... This is a list of the Kings of Greece, formally known by the title of King of The Hellenes. ...

Constantine was born at Psychiko, near Athens, the nephew of King George II and eldest son of the King's brother and heir, Prince Paul. His mother was a German princess, Frederika of Hanover. He was one year old when the Germans invaded Greece and he spent the next four years in exile in Egypt and Cape Town with his family. Returning to Greece in 1945, he was educated at a preparatory school and then attended military academies. When King George died in 1947 his father became King and he became heir to the throne. Psychiko (Greek:Î¨Ï…Ï‡Î¹ÎºÏŒ; older form Psychikon) is a suburb of Athens, Greece. ... Evzones Athens (Greek: Î‘Î¸Î®Î½Î±, AthÃna IPA: ) is the capital and largest city of Greece. ... George II (Greek: Î“ÎµÏŽÏÎ³Î¹Î¿Ï‚ [GeÅrgios]; 20 July 1890 â€” 1 April 1947), King of the Hellenes (Greece) ruled from 1922-1924 and 1935-1947. ... Paul, King of the Hellenes (December 14, 1901 - March 6, 1964), was King of Greece from 1947 to 1964. ... Frederika of Hanover (Friederike Luise Thyra Viktoria Margarete Sophie Olga Cecile Isabelle Christa, Princess of Hanover, Duchess of Brunswick and Lunenburg) 1917-1981 was Queen Consort of King Paul I of the Hellenes (1947-1964) as Queen Frideriki of the Hellenes Frederika was born on April 18, 1917 in Blankenburg... City motto: Spes Bona (Latin: Good Hope) Location of the City of Cape Town in Western Cape Province Province Western Cape Mayor Helen Zille Area - % water 2,499 kmÂ² N/A Population - Total (2004) - Density Not ranked 2,893,251 1,158/kmÂ² Established 1652 Time zone SAST (UTC+2... 1945 (MCMVL) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1945 calendar). ...

As a young man Constantine was handsome, athletic and popular with most of the Greek public ^{[citation needed]}. In 1960, at the age of 20 he competed in the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, winning a gold medal in sailing (Gold Dragon Class). In 1964 he married a Danish princess, his cousin Anne-Marie of Denmark, sister of the current Danish Queen, Margrethe II. His sister, Sofia, is married to King Juan Carlos of Spain. He has another younger sister, Irene. The 1960 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XVII Olympiad, were held in 1960 in Rome, Italy. ... Nickname: The Eternal City Motto: SPQR: Senatus PopulusQue Romanus Location of the city of Rome (yellow) within the Province of Rome (red) and region of Lazio (grey) Coordinates: Region Lazio Province Province of Rome Founded 21 April 753 BC Mayor Walter Veltroni Area - City 1,285 kmÂ² (496. ... Sailing at sunset Wooden sailing boat Sailing is the skillful art of controlling the motion of a sailing ship or sailboat, across a body of water. ... Her Majesty Anne-Marie Dagmar Ingrid, Queen of the Hellenes was born on 30 August 1946 at Amalienborg Palace in Copenhagen. ... Queen Margrethe II (Margrethe Alexandrine ÃžÃ³rhildur Ingrid) (born 16 April 1940) is the Queen regnant and head of state of Denmark. ... Queen Sofia of Spain Queen SofÃa (Sophia Margarita Victoria Frederika), born Princess Sofia of Greece and Denmark is the Queen Consort of King Juan Carlos I of Spain. ... King Juan Carlos I His Majesty King Juan Carlos I (Juan Carlos Alfonso Víctor María de Borbón y Borbón), styled HM The King (born January 5, 1938), is the reigning King of Spain. ... Princess Irene of Greece and Denmark (born May 11, 1942) is the youngest child of King Paul of Greece and his wife Frederika of Hanover. ...

As King 1964-67

In 1964, shortly before Constantine's marriage, King Paul died and Constantine became King Constantine II. Constantine was seen as young and inexperienced as well as being under the influence of his mother, a strong conservative and believer in the prerogatives of the monarchy. The Greek Royal Family is a direct family member of the Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-GlÃ¼cksburg. ... Queen Anne-Marie (born Princess Anne-Marie of Denmark Amalienborg Palace, Copenhagen, Denmark, 30 August 1946) is the wife of King Constantine II of Greece, who was deposed by a military coup in 1967. ... Prince Pavlos, Crown Prince of Greece, Prince of Denmark is the eldest son of Constantine II, King of the Hellenes from 1964 to 1973. ... The Crown Princess Pavlos of Greece, Princess of Denmark (born Marie-Chantal Claire Miller, September 17, 1968) is a socialite, designer of childrens clothes, and the wife of HRH Crown Prince Pavlos of Greece, Prince of Denmark. ... Princess Maria Olympia of Greece and Denmark (born July 25, 1996) is the daughter of TRH The Crown Prince and Crown Princess of Greece. ... Prince Konstantinos Alexios of Greece and Denmark (b. ... Prince Achileas Andreas of Greece and Denmark (b. ... Prince Odysseas Kimon of Greece and Denmark (b. ... Princess Alexia of Greece and Denmark, born 10 July 1965, is the elder daughter and eldest child of King Constantine II of the Hellenes and his wife Queen Anna-Marie (nÃ©e Princess Anne-Marie Dagmar Ingrid of Denmark who is the youngest daughter of King Frederick IX of Denmark... Prince Nikolaos of Greece and Denmark (born 1 October 1969) is the second son and third child of King Constantine, the former king of Greece and Queen Anne-Marie, who was born a Princess of Denmark as the youngest daughter of the late King Frederik IX of Denmark and Queen... Princess Theodora of Greece and Denmark (b. ... This article discusses Prince Philippos of Greece & Denmark, a name and title which has also belonged to Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. ... Queen Sofia of Spain Queen SofÃa (Sophia Margarita Victoria Frederika), born Princess Sofia of Greece and Denmark is the Queen Consort of King Juan Carlos I of Spain. ... Princess Irene of Greece and Denmark (born May 11, 1942) is the youngest child of King Paul of Greece and his wife Frederika of Hanover. ...

Greece at this time was strongly polarised between the monarchist rightists, represented by the former long-serving Prime Minister, Constantine Karamanlis, and the republican centre, heirs to the legacy of the liberal leader Eleftherios Venizelos, led at this time by George Papandreou, who became Prime Minister in February 1964 (Papandreou was already an interim prime minister after the legislative elections of 1963). Even some right-wing politicians, however, had a low opinion of Constantine. Karamanlis described him as "Paul's naughty little boy" and regarded him responsible for his resignation in 1963. Note on Greek names: There is no firm convention for the rendering of Greek personal names into English. ... Konstantinos Karamanlis Konstantinos Karamanlis (ÎšÏ‰Î½ÏƒÏ„Î±Î½Ï„Î¯Î½Î¿Ï‚ ÎšÎ±ÏÎ±Î¼Î±Î½Î»Î®Ï‚ in Greek; March 8, 1907 â€“ April 23, 1998) was a towering figure of Greek politics. ... Eleftherios Venizelos (1864-1936), Greek statesman and diplomat. ... George Papandandreou George Papandreou (in Greek Georgios Papandreou or Γεώργιος Παπανδρέου) (18 February 1888 - 1 November 1968) was a Greek politician. ... The Greek legislative election of the 3 November 1963 resulted in a narrow victory for the Center Union of Georgios Papandreou after three consecutive victories of Constantine Karamanlis and his National Radical Union party and after 11 years, during which the conservative parties (Greek Rally and its successor, the National... 1963 (MCMLXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (the link is to a full 1963 calendar). ...

Relations between the King and Prime Minister Papandreou began with goodwill on both sides, although Papandreou had always been a republican. But they soon became hostile after an insolent letter the King sent to the prime minister and, most importantly, after the alleged "Aspida scandal" that shook the Army. The name of Papandreou's son, Andreas, was involved in the case and the defence minister, Petros Garoufalias was obliged by the prime minister to resign when he tried to form a committee of inquiry into the alleged scandal. Papandreou decided to assign the Defense portfolio to himself and, when Constantine II refused to accept the appointment, a new political turmoil erupted. Apostasia (In Greek: Î‘Ï€Î¿ÏƒÏ„Î±ÏƒÎ¯Î±) or Iouliana (Greek: Î™Î¿Ï…Î»Î¹Î±Î½Î¬, the events of July) or the Royal Coup (In Greek: Î¤Î¿ Î’Î±ÏƒÎ¹Î»Î¹ÎºÏŒ Î ÏÎ±Î¾Î¹ÎºÏŒÏ€Î·Î¼Î±) is a term used to describe a political move in Greece, in 1 October 1965, involving King Constantine II and a group of politicians, a prominent member of which was the later Prime Minister... Andreas Georgiou Papandreou, Î‘Î½Î´ÏÎÎ±Ï‚ Î“. Î Î±Ï€Î±Î½Î´ÏÎÎ¿Ï… (5 February 1919 - 23 June 1996) was a Greek economist and politician. ...

Constantine proposed the appointment of any other person of the Prime Minister's preference as defense minister because, as the King argued, there was a conflict of interest, since the prime minister's son was allegedly involved in the scandal. Papandreou rejected the King's proposition, although he had initially shown some willingness to accept it, and submitted his resignation, stating that it was well within his constitutional powers as an elected Prime Minister commanding a parliamentary majority to appoint his ministers at his pleasure and without the constitutional powers of the king to refuse him this right. Within a few moments after his resignation, Constantine appointed a new government led by Georgios Athanasiadis-Novas, who failed to ensure the Parliament's confidence. This appointment, also known as The Royal coup (Greek: Το Βασιλικό Πραξικόπημα), evoked many critics against Constantine, as being unconstitutional. Georgios Athanasiadis-Novas(Greek: Î“ÎµÏŽÏÎ³Î¹Î¿Ï‚ Î‘Î¸Î±Î½Î±ÏƒÎ¹Î¬Î´Î·Ï‚-ÎÏŒÎ²Î±Ï‚) (1893-1986) Prime Minister of Greece in 1965. ...

According to those criticising him, Constantine, by appointing a new government comprising of aisle-crossers and not proclaiming new elections, caused a constitutional crisis and political instability that lasted for more than two years and led to the period of the dictatorship of 1967-1974. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Constantine first appointed the Speaker of Parliament, Georgios Athanasiadis-Novas, as Prime Minister. He was succeeded by Ilias Tsirimokos, who also failed to form a stable government, and was dismissed. He next appointed some of Papandreou's dissidents, led by Stephanos Stephanopoulos, to form a government of "King's men," which lasted until December 1966, amid mounting strikes and protests, supported by the right-wing National Radical Union. When Stephanopoulos resigned in frustration, Constantine appointed a caretaker government under Ioannis Paraskevopoulos, which called elections for May 1967. This government did not even last till the scheduled elections. It was replaced on April 3, 1967, by another caretaker government under Panagiotis Kanellopoulos. Georgios Athanasiadis-Novas(Greek: Î“ÎµÏŽÏÎ³Î¹Î¿Ï‚ Î‘Î¸Î±Î½Î±ÏƒÎ¹Î¬Î´Î·Ï‚-ÎÏŒÎ²Î±Ï‚) (1893-1986) Prime Minister of Greece in 1965. ... Stephanos Stephanopoulos (1898 - 1982) was a Greek political figure. ... The National Radical Union (or Ethnike Rizospastike Enosis, ERE) was a Greek political party formed in 1955 by Konstantinos Karamanlis out of the Greek Rally party. ... Panagiotis Kanellopoulos Panagiotis Kanellopoulos (1902-1986) was a distinguished Greek politician and Prime Minister. ...

The period of the Greek Dictatorship 1967-74

Elections were scheduled for 28 May 1967. The fear of a "Communist threat", along with the traditional right-wing nationalist ideology in the military led a group of junior Army officers led by Colonel George Papadopoulos to stage a coup d'état on April 21. The coup leaders stormed Constantine at his residence in Tatoi, which was surrounded by tanks to prevent resistance. The King argued with the colonels and initially dismissed them. Later in the day he went to the Ministry of National Defence, where all coup leaders were gathered, and had a discussion with Kanellopoulos and with leading generals. He agreed to collaborate and swear the new regime in only when the junta agreed to include a number of civilian politicians, with a royalist nominee, Constantine Kollias, as Prime Minister. Some view Constantine's brief co-operation with the coup as a tactical move to allow him to organize a counter-coup; other view it as a fatal error, as he tacitly condoned an unconstitutional regime. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Image File history File links RoyGrec. ... A style of office, or honorific, is a form of address which by tradition or law precedes a reference to a person who holds a title or post, or to the political office itself. ... HM can signify: Air Seychelles: IATA code Heard Island and McDonald Islands: ISO 3166 digram and FIPS PUB 10-4 territory code HM (patient), pseudonym of a man with no long-term memory (also written H.M.) HM Magazine, a Christian Hard rock magazine His Majesty/Her Majesty, a form... This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ... Georgios Papadopoulos in the standard poster issued by the dictatorship government. ... Tatoi, located 15 kilometers north of the center of Athens, was the summer palace and private property of the former Greek Royal Family, and the site of George II of the Helleness birth. ...

From the outset, the relationship between Constantine and the Colonels was an uneasy one. The colonels were not willing to share power with anyone, whereas the young King, like his father before him, was used to playing an active role in politics and would never consent to being a mere figurehead, especially in a military administration. Although the colonels' strong anti-communist, pro-NATO and pro-Western views appealed to the United States, fearful of domestic and international public opinion, President of the United States Lyndon B. Johnson told Constantine, in a visit to Washington, D.C. in early autumn of 1967, that it would be best to replace that government with another one. ^{[citation needed]} Constantine took that as an encouragement to organise a counter-coup and it was probably meant as one, although no direct help or involvement of the US was forthcoming. Image File history File linksMetadata Junta. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Junta. ... The presidential seal was used by President Hayes in 1880 and last modified in 1959 by adding the 50th star for Hawaii. ... Lyndon Baines Johnson (August 27, 1908 â€“ January 22, 1973), often referred to as LBJ, was the 36th President of the United States (1963â€“1969). ... Nickname: DC, The District Motto: Justitia Omnibus (Justice for All) Location of Washington, D.C., in relation to the states Maryland and Virginia. ...

The King finally decided to launch his counter-coup on December 13, 1967. Since Athens was effectively in the hands of the junta militarily, Constantine decided to fly to the small northern city of Kavala, East of Thessaloniki. There he hoped to be among troops loyal only to him. The vague plan he and his advisors had conceived was to form a unit that would advance to Thessaloniki (Greece's second biggest city and unofficial capital of northern Greece) and take it. Constantine planned to install an alternative administration there. International recognition, which he believed to be forthcoming, as well as internal pressure from the fact that Greece would have been split in two governments would, the King hoped, force the junta to resign, leaving the field clear for him to return triumphant to Athens. Kavala (also seen as KavÃ¡la, Kavalla, (Greek) (2001 pop. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

In the early morning hours of 13 December the King boarded the royal plane together with Queen Anne-Marie of Greece, their two baby children Princess Alexia of Greece and Denmark and Pavlos, Crown Prince of Greece, his mother Frederika of Hanover and his sister, Princess Irene of Greece and Denmark. Constantine also took with him Premier Kollias. At first things seemed to be going according to plan. Constantine was well received in Kavala which, militarily, was under the command of a general loyal to him. The air force and navy, both strongly royalist and not involved in the 1967 coup, immediately declared for him and mobilised. Another of Constantine's generals effectively cut all communication between Athens and the North. Queen Anne-Marie (born Princess Anne-Marie of Denmark Amalienborg Palace, Copenhagen, Denmark, 30 August 1946) is the wife of King Constantine II of Greece, who was deposed by a military coup in 1967. ... Princess Alexia of Greece and Denmark, born 10 July 1965, is the elder daughter and eldest child of King Constantine II of the Hellenes and his wife Queen Anna-Marie (nÃ©e Princess Anne-Marie Dagmar Ingrid of Denmark who is the youngest daughter of King Frederick IX of Denmark... Prince Pavlos, Crown Prince of Greece, Prince of Denmark is the eldest son of Constantine II, King of the Hellenes from 1964 to 1973. ... Frederika of Hanover (Friederike Luise Thyra Viktoria Margarete Sophie Olga Cecile Isabelle Christa, Princess of Hanover, Duchess of Brunswick and Lunenburg) 1917-1981 was Queen Consort of King Paul I of the Hellenes (1947-1964) as Queen Frideriki of the Hellenes Frederika was born on April 18, 1917 in Blankenburg... Princess Irene of Greece and Denmark (born May 11, 1942) is the youngest child of King Paul of Greece and his wife Frederika of Hanover. ...

However, the King's plans were overly bureaucratic, naïvely supposing that orders from a commanding General would automatically be followed. Further, the King was obsessive about avoiding "bloodshed" even where the junta would be the attacker. Instead of attempting to drum up the widest popular support, hoping for spontaneous pro-democracy risings in most towns, the King preferred to let his Generals put together the necessary force for advancing on Thessaloniki in strict compliance with military bureaucracy ^{[citation needed]}. The King made no attempt to contact politicians, even local ones, and even took care to include in his proclamation a paragraph condemning communism, lest anyone should get the wrong idea.

In the circumstances, rather than the King managing to put together a force and advancing on Thessaloniki, middle-ranking pro-junta officers neutralised and arrested his royalist generals and took command of their units, which subsequently put together a force advancing on Kavala to arrest the King. The junta, not at all shaken by the loss of their figurehead premier, ridiculed the King by announcing the he was hiding "from village to village". Realising that the counter coup had failed, Constantine fled Greece on board the royal plane, taking his family and hapless Premier with him. They landed in Rome early in the morning of 14th December. Constantine remained in exile all through the rest of military rule (although nominally he continued as King until 1st June 1973) and was never to return to Greece as King. Nickname: The Eternal City Motto: SPQR: Senatus PopulusQue Romanus Location of the city of Rome (yellow) within the Province of Rome (red) and region of Lazio (grey) Coordinates: Region Lazio Province Province of Rome Founded 21 April 753 BC Mayor Walter Veltroni Area - City 1,285 kmÂ² (496. ...

Colonel George Papadopoulos then appointed himself Prime Minister, and appointed General George Zoitakis as Viceroy. Georgios Papadopoulos in the standard poster issued by the dictatorship government. ... Georgios Zoitakis (1910 - 1996) was a Greek General. ...

Over the next year the junta sent intermediaries to the King to negotiate the terms on which he might return to Greece. But Constantine insisted on the full restoration of democracy under the existing constitution as a precondition, and George Papadopoulos would not agree to this. Instead the regime promulgated a new constitution in November 1968, which retained the monarchy but stripped it of its powers, and provided for a permanent regency until the King chose to accept the new order. This standoff continued until 1972, when George Papadopoulos dismissed George Zoitakis and appointed himself Regent. Georgios Zoitakis (1910 - 1996) was a Greek General. ...

By 1973 the military dictators had grown deeply unpopular, and in May officers of the largely royalist Navy staged an abortive coup, although Constantine himself was not involved. George Papadopoulos retaliated by declaring Greece a republic (June 1), a decision which was confirmed by a plebiscite on July 29. The vote was widely presumed to be rigged, although it is likely that many republicans voted in favour despite their dislike of the regime. George Papadopoulos then declared himself President, but in November there was a coup within the regime and he was replaced by General Phaidon Ghizikis, who was a front for the new military strongman, Dimitrios Ioannides. In a broad definition, a republic is a state or country that is led by people whose political power is based on principles that are not beyond the control of the people of that state or country. ... June 1 is the 152nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (153rd in leap years), with 213 days remaining. ... A referendum (plural: referendums or referenda) or plebiscite is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. ... July 29 is the 210th day (211th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 155 days remaining. ... This is a list of presidents of Greece. ... Phaedon Gizikis (Greek: Î¦Î±Î¯Î´Ï‰Î½ Î“ÎºÎ¹Î¶Î¯ÎºÎ·Ï‚). Army officer and president of Greece (1973-1974) Born in 1917, Phaedon Gizikis was a career Greek army officer. ... Dimitrios Ioannides (also Dimitris Ioannidis) (March 13, 1923) was a Greek military officer who was involved in the Greek military junta of 1967-1974. ...

Restoration of democracy and the referendum

In July 1974 events in Cyprus led to the downfall of the military regime, and Karamanlis returned from exile to become Prime Minister. The 1973 republican constitution was regarded as illegitimate, and the new administration issued a Constitutional Decree restoring the 1952 constitution, albeit expressly excepting the articles relevant to the "Form of the State", i.e. the articles defining Greece as a constitutional monarchy, and deferring the question for settlement by referendum later that year. Following Karamanlis' resounding victory in the November 1974 parliamentary elections (his party ND New Democracy won 54.4% of the vote), he called for a referendum on whether Greece would be a monarchy or a republic for December 1974. Though he was the leader of the traditionally monarchist right, he made no effort to defend Constantine, with whom he was on poor terms. The left voted overwhelmingly for a republic and so did the centrists, condemning Constantine for swearing in the junta in 1967, for his reluctance to sever all ties with the junta once in exile, and for the dismissal of George Papandreou in 1965, the event that had led to the coup. Given these circumstances, it was not surprising that the vote to retain the monarchy was only 31 percent. 1952 (MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Party logo New Democracy (ND, Greek: ÎÎÎ± Î”Î·Î¼Î¿ÎºÏÎ±Ï„Î¯Î±, Nea Dhimokratia), founded in 1974, is the main center-right liberal-conservative political party in Greece. ...

In 1985 the liberal and republican new president of ND New Democracy Constantine Mitsotakis (Prime Minister 1990-1993) said that the referendum was "unfair"" because Karamanlis did not allow the King to have an electoral campaign in Greece. 1985 (MCMLXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Party logo New Democracy (ND, Greek: ÎÎÎ± Î”Î·Î¼Î¿ÎºÏÎ±Ï„Î¯Î±, Nea Dhimokratia), founded in 1974, is the main center-right liberal-conservative political party in Greece. ... Constantine Mitsotakis Constantine Mitsotakis (in Greek:ÎšÏ‰Î½ÏƒÏ„Î±Î½Ï„Î¯Î½Î¿Ï‚ ÎœÎ·Ï„ÏƒÎ¿Ï„Î¬ÎºÎ·Ï‚-Konstantinos Mitsotakis) (born October 18, 1918), Greek politician, was born in Chania, Crete. ...

Image File history File links News_glykxboorg. ... Image File history File links News_glykxboorg. ...

In exile

King Constantine was not formally exiled nor stripped of his property or citizenship after the referendum, but he was strongly discouraged from returning to Greece, and did not return until February 1981, and then only for a few hours, to attend the funeral of his mother, Queen Frederika, in the family cemetery of the former royal palace at Tatoi. There were also legal disputes with the Greek state, since Constantine was unable or unwilling to pay the heavy taxes on his property in Greece. In the early 1990s Constantine started appearing in the Greek media more often. In 1992 he concluded an agreement with the conservative government of PM Constantine Mitsotakis, ceding most of his land in Greece to a non-profit foundation in exchange for the former palace of Tatoi, near Athens, and the right to export a large number of movables from Greece. The latter reportedly included art treasures from the royal palaces, but no formal account of what was removed was ever given. Constantine Mitsotakis Constantine Mitsotakis (in Greek:ÎšÏ‰Î½ÏƒÏ„Î±Î½Ï„Î¯Î½Î¿Ï‚ ÎœÎ·Ï„ÏƒÎ¿Ï„Î¬ÎºÎ·Ï‚-Konstantinos Mitsotakis) (born October 18, 1918), Greek politician, was born in Chania, Crete. ...

In 1993 Constantine attempted a first lengthy visit to Greece, but the government became irritated by his "tour" around Greece. Faced with increasingly loud protests from the opposition, the government asked him to leave. In 1994, the second government of Andreas Papandreou passed new legislation reversing the 1992 agreement and stripping Constantine of his property in Greece and his Greek citizenship. Constantine then sued Greece before the European Court of Human Rights, claiming ownership of lands worth in excess of €550 million. He won only partially, receiving a monetary compensation of €4 million for the lost property, with a far smaller sum awarded to his unmarried younger sister, Irene. The Greek government paid the monies (out of the "extraordinary natural disasters" fund, as a means of making a public statement), but was not obliged by the court decision to return any lands. Constantine, in turn, announced the creation of the Anna Maria Foundation, a vehicle to allocate the funds in question to charity. The court decision also ruled that Konstantine's human rights were not violated by the Greek state's decision not to grant him Greek citizenship and passport until he acquires a surname. Andreas Georgiou Papandreou, Î‘Î½Î´ÏÎÎ±Ï‚ Î“. Î Î±Ï€Î±Î½Î´ÏÎÎ¿Ï… (5 February 1919 - 23 June 1996) was a Greek economist and politician. ... European Court of Human Rights building in Strasbourg The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), often referred to informally as the Strasbourg Court, was created to systematise the hearing of human rights complaints against States Parties to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, adopted by... Princess Irene of Greece and Denmark (born May 11, 1942) is the youngest child of King Paul of Greece and his wife Frederika of Hanover. ...

Current status

Following the abolition of the monarchy, Constantine has repeatedly stated that he recognizes the republic, the laws and the constitution of Greece. He told Time magazine "If the Greek people decide that they want a republic, they are entitled to have that and should be left in peace to enjoy it".¹ Until 1994, Constantine's official Greek passport identified him as "Constantine, former king of the Hellenes." A law passed in 1994 stripped him of his Greek citizenship, passport, and property. The law stated that Constantine could not be granted a Greek passport unless he adopted a surname. Constantine has since refused to comply. Constantine continues to use the title "King Constantine," although he no longer uses "Constantine, King of the Hellenes". (Clockwise from upper left) Notable Time magazine covers from the dates May 7, 1945; July 25, 1969; December 31, 1999; September 14, 2001; and April 21, 2003. ...

Constantine is occasionally mocked in the Greek press for calling himself King Constantine. Several nicknames have been popular both with the press and some parts of Greek society. These include "o Teos" ("the former") which is, in fact, applied as a qualitative for any former official, and the derogatory nickname "Kokos" which evokes the Greek word "κοκορόμυαλος" ("feather-brained") or possibly Constantine's childhood name ("Kokos" is Greek baby talk for the name Constantine and "koko" is similar baby talk for "glyko", dessert). He is sometimes referred to ironically as "Constantine the Little", in contrast with the Roman Emperor Constantine the Great. He is also frequently referred to as Mr. Glücksburg; this reference to his family dates back to at least 1935 when Archimandrite Christoforos Ktenas referred to the then exiled King Constantine I of Greece as, "Ντίνος Γλυξβούργος" (Dino Glucksburg), in his book on Mount Athos.² Glücksburg was originally mainly used by opponents of constitutional monarchy, and drew attention to the fact that the royal family was not of ethnic Greek origin. Today, this appellation is more widespread and also draws attention to the fact that Constantine's family lacks a legal surname in Greece. The PrTo this effect, Constantine has stated: "I don't have a name - my family doesn't have a name. The law that Mr. Papandreou passed basically says that he considers that I am not Greek and that my family was Greek only so long as we were exercising the responsibilities of sovereign, and I had to go out and acquire a name. The problem is that my family originates from Denmark, and the Danish royal family haven't got a surname." Glücksburg, he said, was not a family name but the name of a town. "I might as well call myself Mr. Kensington."³ Since 2004, Constantine freely travels in and out of Greece on a Danish diplomatic passport, as "Constantino de Grecia" (Spanish for "Constantine of Greece"). At his first visit to Greece using this passport Constantine was mocked by most of the Greek media. They hellenized the "de Grecia" designation and used it as a surname, thus naming him "Κωνσταντίνος Ντεγκρέτσιας" (Constantine Degrecias). Recently, Constantine has reportedly bought a sizeable piece of land on the Saronic coast south of Athens and plans to establish some sort of permanent residence there. The purchase has sparked rumors that Constantine will also establish a new political party upon his return to Greece as a citizen. Baby talk, motherese, parentese, or child-directed speech (CDS) is a nonstandard form of speech used by adults, particularly mothers, in talking to children. ... Baby talk, motherese, parentese, or child-directed speech (CDS) is a nonstandard form of speech used by adults, particularly mothers, in talking to children. ... Bronze statue of Constantine I in York, England, near the spot where he was proclaimed Emperor in 306 For other uses, see Constantine I (disambiguation). ... Archimandrite (Greek: ἀρχιμανδρίτης - archimandrites) is a title in the Greek Orthodox Church for a superior abbot who has the supervision of several abbots and monasteries appointed by a bishop. ... The term Hellenistic (established by the German historian Johann Gustav Droysen) in the history of the ancient world is used to refer to the shift from a culture dominated by ethnic Greeks, however scattered geographically, to a culture dominated by Greek-speakers of whatever ethnicity, and from the political dominance... The Saronic Gulf or Gulf of Aegina in Greece forms part of the Aegean Sea and defines the eastern side of the isthmus of Corinth. ... A political party is an organization that seeks to attain political power within a government, usually by participating in electoral campaigns. ...

Constantine and Anne-Marie now live in London, where Constantine is a close friend of Charles, Prince of Wales and a godfather to Prince William. As with other exiled royalty living abroad he is invited to Royal functions under his former regnal name and title as a courtesy title, not constitutional office. However, since he does not represent any country — including Greece — he is not invited to official functions held by the British government (official invitations are only extended to heads of state and recognised government representatives). Queen Anne-Marie (born Princess Anne-Marie of Denmark Amalienborg Palace, Copenhagen, Denmark, 30 August 1946) is the wife of King Constantine II of Greece, who was deposed by a military coup in 1967. ... London (pronounced ) is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom. ... The Prince Charles, Prince of Wales (Charles Philip Arthur George Mountbatten-Windsor; born Windsor, 14 November 1948), is the eldest son of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. ... HRH Prince William of Wales William Arthur Philip Louis His Royal Highness Prince William of Wales (William Arthur Philip Louis Mountbatten-Windsor) (born June 21, 1982) is a member of the British Royal Family, grandson of Queen Elizabeth II and first son of Prince Charles, the Prince of Wales. ... A regnal name, or reign name, is a formal name used by some popes and monarchs during their reigns. ... A courtesy title is a form of address in the British peerage system used for wives, children, and other close relatives of a peer. ...

On 24 December 2004 King Constantine and Queen Anne-Marie and members of the royal family visited the Presidential Palace (and former royal palace) in Athens where King Constantine met with President Costis Stephanopoulos. December 24 is the 358th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (359th in leap years). ... Kostantinos Stefanopoulos Konstantinos Stephanopoulos was born in Patras on 15 August 1926. ...

The children and grandchildren of Constantine and Anne-Marie are: Image File history File links King_Constantine_II_and_Queen_Anne-Marie_of_Greece. ... Image File history File links King_Constantine_II_and_Queen_Anne-Marie_of_Greece. ...

Princess Alexia of Greece and Denmark, born 10 July 1965, is the elder daughter and eldest child of King Constantine II of the Hellenes and his wife Queen Anna-Marie (nÃ©e Princess Anne-Marie Dagmar Ingrid of Denmark who is the youngest daughter of King Frederick IX of Denmark... July 10 is the 191st day (192nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 174 days remaining. ... 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar). ... Pontikonisi island in the background with the Vlaheraina Monastery in the foreground. ... July 9 is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 175 days remaining. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... London (pronounced ) is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom. ... Carlos Morales Quintana (born December 31, 1970) is a Spanish architect and champion yatchsman. ... February 24 is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... Location Coordinates : Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) - summer: CEST (GMT +2) General information Native name Barcelona (Catalan) Spanish name Barcelona Nickname Ciutat Comtal Postal code 08001-08080 Area code 34 (Spain) + 93 (Barcelona) Website http://www. ... May 15 is the 135th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (136th in leap years). ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Location Coordinates : Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) - summer: CEST (GMT +2) General information Native name Barcelona (Catalan) Spanish name Barcelona Nickname Ciutat Comtal Postal code 08001-08080 Area code 34 (Spain) + 93 (Barcelona) Website http://www. ... July 30 is the 211th day (212th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 154 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Location Coordinates : Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) - summer: CEST (GMT +2) General information Native name Barcelona (Catalan) Spanish name Barcelona Nickname Ciutat Comtal Postal code 08001-08080 Area code 34 (Spain) + 93 (Barcelona) Website http://www. ... Prince Pavlos, Crown Prince of Greece, Prince of Denmark is the eldest son of Constantine II, King of the Hellenes from 1964 to 1973. ... May 20 is the 140th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (141st in leap years). ... 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (the link is to a full 1967 calendar). ... July 1 is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 183 days remaining. ... 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... London (pronounced ) is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom. ... The Crown Princess Pavlos of Greece, Princess of Denmark (born Marie-Chantal Claire Miller, September 17, 1968) is a socialite, designer of childrens clothes, and the wife of HRH Crown Prince Pavlos of Greece, Prince of Denmark. ... Princess Maria Olympia of Greece and Denmark (born July 25, 1996) is the daughter of TRH The Crown Prince and Crown Princess of Greece. ... July 25 is the 206th day (207th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 159 days remaining. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... Nickname: Big Apple; City that never Sleeps; Gotham Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs The Bronx Manhattan Queens Brooklyn Staten Island Settled 1613 Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area - City 1,214. ... Prince Konstantinos Alexios of Greece and Denmark (b. ... October 29 is the 302nd day of the year (303rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... Prince Achileas Andreas of Greece and Denmark (b. ... August 12 is the 224th day of the year (225th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... Prince Odysseas Kimon of Greece and Denmark (b. ... September 17 is the 260th day of the year (261st in leap years). ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Prince Nikolaos of Greece and Denmark (born 1 October 1969) is the second son and third child of King Constantine, the former king of Greece and Queen Anne-Marie, who was born a Princess of Denmark as the youngest daughter of the late King Frederik IX of Denmark and Queen... October 1 is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1969 (MCMLXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1969 calendar). ... Nickname: The Eternal City Motto: SPQR: Senatus PopulusQue Romanus Location of the city of Rome (yellow) within the Province of Rome (red) and region of Lazio (grey) Coordinates: Region Lazio Province Province of Rome Founded 21 April 753 BC Mayor Walter Veltroni Area - City 1,285 kmÂ² (496. ... Princess Theodora of Greece and Denmark (b. ... June 9 is the 160th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (161st in leap years), with 205 days remaining. ... 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... London (pronounced ) is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom. ... This article discusses Prince Philippos of Greece & Denmark, a name and title which has also belonged to Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. ... April 26 is the 116th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (117th in leap years). ... 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... London (pronounced ) is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom. ...

Titles

Contents

As King 1964-67

The period of the Greek Dictatorship 1967-74

Restoration of democracy and the referendum

In exile

Current status

Titles

See also

References

Endnotes